| Bihar Legislature | |
| Native Name: | Bihar Vidhan Mandal |
| Coa Pic: | Seal of Bihar.svg |
| Coa Res: | 150px |
| Coa Caption: | Emblem of Bihar |
| House Type: | Bicameral |
| Houses: | Bihar Legislative Council (Upper house) Bihar Legislative Assembly (Lower house) |
| Leader1 Type: | Governor of Bihar |
| Leader1: | Rajendra Arlekar |
| Election1: | 17 February 2023 |
| Leader2 Type: | Chairman of Bihar Legislative Council |
| Election2: | 28 January 2024 |
| Leader3 Type: | Deputy Chairman of Bihar Legislative Council |
| Election3: | 28 January 2024 |
| Leader4 Type: | Leader of the House (Chief Minister) |
| Leader4: | Nitish Kumar |
| Election4: | 28 January 2024 |
| Leader5 Type: | Leader of the Opposition in Bihar Legislative Council |
| Election5: | 28 January 2024 |
| Leader6 Type: | Speaker of Bihar Legislative Assembly |
| Election6: | 28 January 2024 |
| Leader7 Type: | Deputy Leader of Bihar Legislative Assembly(Deputy Chief Minister) |
| Election7: | 28 January 2024 |
| Leader8 Type: | Leader of the Opposition in Bihar Legislative Assembly |
| Election8: | 28 January 2024 |
| Seats: | |
| House1: | Bihar Legislative Council |
| House2: | Bihar Legislative Assembly |
| Structure1: | File:India Bihar Legislative Council 2024.svg |
| Structure1 Res: | 300px |
| Political Groups1: | Government (49) NDA (50) Opposition (18) Others (6)
Vacant (1)
|
| Structure2: | File:India Bihar Vidhan Sabha 2024.svg |
| Structure2 Res: | 300px |
| Political Groups2: | Government (134) NDA (134) Official Opposition (107) I.N.D.I.A (106) Others (1)
Vacant (2)
|
| Voting System1: | Single transferable vote |
| Voting System2: | First-past-the-post |
| Last Election1: | 2022 Bihar Legislative Council elections |
| Last Election2: | 2020 Bihar Legislative Assembly election |
| Next Election2: | November 2025 |
| Meeting Place: | Bihar State Assembly, Patna, Bihar, India |
| Session Room: | Vidhan-sabha-bihar.jpg |
| Website: | Bihar Legislative Council Bihar Legislative Assembly |
The Bihar Legislature (IAST: Bihar Vidhan Mandal) is the supreme legislative body of the state of Bihar. It is a bicameral legislature composed of the Governor of Bihar and two houses, The Bihar Legislative Council (Bihar Vidhan Parishad) and The Bihar Legislative Assembly (Bihar Vidhan Sabha). The governor in his role as head of the legislature has full powers to summon and prorogue either house of legislature or to dissolve the Legislative Assembly. The governor can exercise these powers only upon the advice of the Chief minister and his ministry.
Those elected or nominated (by the governor) to either house of legislature are referred to as Member of the Legislative Assembly (India) (MLAs). The Member of the Legislative Assembly are directly elected by the Bihari public voting in single-member districts and the Member of the Legislative Council are elected by the MLAs, panchayat, teachers, graduates and local governing body by proportional representation. The Legislature has a sanctioned strength of 243 in the Legislative Assembly and 75 in the Legislative Council including 12 nominees from the expertise of different fields of literature, art, science, and social service. The Assembly meets at Bihar Legislative House in Patna.