2015 Bihar Legislative Assembly election explained

Election Name:2015 Bihar Legislative Assembly election
Country:India
Flag Year:1996
Type:Legislative
Ongoing:no
Party Colour:yes
Previous Election:2010 Bihar Legislative Assembly election
Previous Year:2010
Election Date: –
Next Election:2020 Bihar Legislative Assembly election
Next Year:2020
Seats For Election:All 243 seats of the Bihar Legislative Assembly
Majority Seats:122
Turnout:56.91% (4.18%)
Image1:The Union Minister for Railways, Shri Lalu Prasad addressing the Media to announce a policy matter in New Delhi on September 12, 2004.jpg
Leader1:Lalu Prasad Yadav
Party1:RJD
Alliance1:MGB
Leader Since1:1997
Leaders Seat1:Did not contest
Last Election1:22
Seats1:80
Seat Change1: 58
Popular Vote1:69,95,509
Percentage1:18.4%
Swing1: 0.44%
Colour2:003366
Leader2:Nitish Kumar
Party2:JD(U)
Alliance2:MGB
Leader Since2:2005
Leaders Seat2:MLC
Last Election2:115
Seats2:71
Seat Change2: 44
Popular Vote2:64,16,414
Percentage2:16.8%
Swing2: 5.81%
Image3:File:The Leader of Opposition, Bihar, Shri Sushil Kumar Modi in New Delhi on January 08 (cropped2).jpg
Leader3:Sushil Modi
Party3:BJP
Alliance3:National Democratic Alliance (India)
Leader Since3:2005
Leaders Seat3:MLC
Last Election3:91
Seats3:53
Seat Change3: 38
Popular Vote3:93,08,015
Percentage3:24.4%
Swing3: 7.94%
Map Size:350px
Chief Minister
Before Election:Nitish Kumar
Before Party:JD(U)
After Election:Nitish Kumar
After Party:JD(U)
Image4:File:Ashok Chaudhary.jpg
Leader4:Ashok Chaudhary
Party4:Indian National Congress
Alliance4:MGB
Home State4:Bihar
Last Election4:4
Seats4:27
Seat Change4: 23
Popular Vote4:2,539,638
Percentage4:6.7%
Swing4: 1.68%

The Legislative Assembly election was held over five phases in Bihar through October–November 2015 before the end of the tenure of the prior Legislative Assembly of Bihar on 29 November 2015.[1] [2]

In April 2015, the Janata Parivar Alliance group (a group of six parties – Samajwadi Party, Janata Dal (United), Rashtriya Janata Dal, Janata Dal (Secular), Indian National Lok Dal and Samajwadi Janata Party (Rashtriya))[3] [4] announced their intention to fight the election, with Nitish Kumar as their Chief Ministerial candidate. The Janta Parivar was joined by the Indian National Congress and the Nationalist Congress Party.[5] This coalition was restructured as Mahagatabandhan when the Samajwadi Party, Janata Dal (Secular), Indian National Lok Dal and Samajwadi Janata Party (Rashtriya) departed from the Janata Parivar Alliance.

The Bharatiya Janata Party-led NDA fought the election alongside the Lok Janshakti Party, the Rashtriya Lok Samata Party and Hindustani Awam Morcha.[6] [7] [8]

Six left parties fought jointly, independently from both of the two main blocs.[9] [10]

This election saw the highest voter turnout in Bihar assembly polls since 2000, with a 56.8% voter turnout in this election.[11] The RJD emerged as a single largest party with 80 seats, followed by JD (U) with 71 seats and BJP with 53 seats. In terms of vote share, BJP came first with 24.4%, followed by RJD with 18.4% and JD (U) with 16.8% and Congress got 6.7%.[12]

Background

See main article: 2015 Bihar political crisis.

Electoral process changes

Election Commission of India announced that around 1,000 Voter-verified paper audit trail (VVPAT) machines will be used along with EVM in 36 out of the 243 assembly seats in Bihar elections, spread over 38 districts.[13] [14] [15] [16] [17] [18] ECIL manufactured VVPATs will be used in 10 assembly constituencies, while BEL manufactured VVPAT will be used in 26 assembly constituencies.[19] The election information was webcast for the first time and voters can locate their polling booth on phones via an app.[20] About 1.5 crore voters would be informed about the voting dates via SMS.[21]

Election Commission used three new software products – Suvidha, Samadhan and Sugam – to facilitate campaigning, public grievance redressal and vehicle management in Bihar.[22] Electoral Roll Management Software helped in addition/deletion/upgradation of rolls.[23] Android based app 'Matdan' helped the commission with poll-day monitoring in Bihar. Election Commission launched a special drive, Systematic Voters' Education And Electoral Participation (SVEEP) for voter awareness and higher voter turn out in Bihar elections.[24] [25] [26] Bihar would be the first state to have photo electoral rolls, with photographs of candidates on EVMs.[27] [28]

align="right"
Assembly constituencies of Bihar having VVPAT facility with EVMs[29]
KatiharPurniaKishanganjSaharsa
SamastipurForbesganjMungerJamui
MadhubaniBegusaraiKhagariaGopalganj
SupaulMadhepuraSasaramAurangabad
BuxarJehanabadNawadaSitamarhi
BhabhuaMotihariBettiahHajipur
Gaya TownMuzaffarpurDarbhangaAra
BiharsarifChhapraSiwanKumhrar
DighaBhagalpurBanka

Eleven NRI voters registered in the electoral rolls for the first time in Bihar electoral history. They were contacted by election officials through their family members.[30] It was the first time that NRIs cast their votes semi-electronically from foreign countries.[31] The e-postal ballot system and the existing proxy-voting facility is extended for NRI voters from their place of residence abroad.[32] [33] [34] But this facility is not available to migrant voters within India.[35] [36] [37]

A cross will be NOTA symbol to be used in this and subsequent elections.[38] The Election Commission introduced the specific symbol for NOTA, a ballot paper with a black cross across it, on 18 September. The symbol is designed by the National Institute of Design, Ahmedabad.[39] [40]

On 31 July, the ECI published the final voters' list for the election,[41] which has an overall population of 10,38,04,637, in accordance with the 2011 Census of India.[42] [43]

+ Final voters list for Bihar Legislative Assembly election 2015
S.No Group of voters Voters population
1 Male 3,56,46,870
2 Female 3,11,77,619
3 Third gender 2,169
– Total voters 6,68,26,658

Security

The security used Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) drones, called Netras (eyes) for the election.[44] [45] The Election Commission of India decided that Bihar Police personnel would not be deployed at any of the 62,779 polling stations.[46] They would be manned by members of the Central Armed Police Forces.[47]

Bihar Legislative Council election

In July 2015, BJP-led NDA won 13 seats (including 1 independent backed by BJP) out of 24 seats of Bihar Legislative Council election.[48] [49] JDU and RJD combine won 10 seats only, while 1 seat was won by an independent candidate.[50] [51]

Central government actions

On 19 August, the central government notified 21 Bihar districts, including the capital Patna, as backward areas and unveiled tax rebates for them.[52] On 25 August, the central government released the religious data of the 2011 census.[53] [54] Hindus constituted 82.7% (8.6 crore people) in Bihar, while Muslims constituted 16.9% (1.7 crore peoples).

In July 2015, Jitan Ram Manjhi was accorded "Z"-plus security cover by the Union Home Ministry, while Pappu Yadav was accorded "Y" category security by government of India.[55] [56]

Other political developments

In May 2015, the JDU government increased the Dearness Allowance (DA) by six percent to 11 percent for provincial government employees and pensioners.[57] In July, Nitish Kumar announced a 50 percent quota for OBC, EBC and SC/STs in all government contracts up to Rs 15 lakh.[58] [59] In July, the government issued a notification to give caste certificates to children from upper caste Hindu and Muslim families whose annual income was below .[60]

In September, the government agreed to the creation of a dedicated fund for fencing off temples and the inclusion of two Extremely Backward Castes (EBCs), Nishad (Mallah) and Nonia, in the SC/ST category.[61] The state government also decided to provide grants-in-aid to 609 more madrassas across Bihar from the list of 2,459 registered by Bihar State Madrassa Education Board.[62] The Bihar government gave a tax-exempt status to Manjhi – The Mountain Man, a film based on Dashrath Manjhi, a Dalit who carved a path through a 360 ft long, 30 ft wide and 25 ft high hillock in 22 years (1960–1982).[63] Opposition parties accused Nitish Kumar government of doing nothing for Manjhi's village Gehlaur.

In April 2015, Nitish Kumar announced the JDU's decision to include few more castes, including the Teli, in list of Extremely Backward Class, which have 18% reservation in Bihar.[64] [65]

Caste and religion data

The 2011 national census indicated that Scheduled Castes constituted 16% of Bihar's 10.4 crores population.[66] [67] The census identified 21 of 23 Dalit sub-castes as Mahadalits.[68] The Mahadalit community consists of the following sub-castes: Bantar, Bauri, Bhogta, Bhuiya, Chaupal, Dabgar, Dom (Dhangad), Ghasi, Halalkhor, Hari (Mehtar, Bhangi), Kanjar, Kurariar, Lalbegi, Musahar, Nat, Pan (Swasi), Rajwar, Turi, Dhobi, Chamar and Paswan (Dusadh).[69] Among Dalits in Bihar, Chamars are the largest 31.3%, followed by Paswans (Dusadh) 30.9% and Musahars 13.9%.[70] The Paswan caste was initially left out of the Mahadalit category,[71] to the consternation of Ram Vilas Paswan.[72] [73] Chamars were included later in Mahadalit category. Adivasis (Scheduled Tribes) constituted around 1.3% of the Bihari population.[74] [75] [76] They include the Gond, Santhal and Tharu communities.[77] [78] There are about 130 Extremely Backward Castes (EBCs) in Bihar.[79]

Castes of Bihar[80] [81] [82] [83] [84] [85] [86] [87] [88]
Caste Population (%) Notes
OBC/EBC51%Yadav – 14%
Kurmis – 4%
Kushwaha (Koeri) – 8%
(EBCs – 26%[89] [90] [91] [92] [93] – includes[94] [95] [96] Teli – 3.2%)
Mahadalits*+ Dalits (SCs) 16%[97] [98] includes Chamar – 5%, Dusadh – 5%, Musahar – 2.8%[99]
Muslims 16.9%[100] includes Shershahbadi, Surjapuri, Ansari castes[101] [102]
15% [103] Bhumihar – 6%
Brahmin – 5%[104]
Rajput – 3%
Kayasth – 1%
Adivasis (STs) 1.3% [105] [106]
Others 0.4%includes Christians, Sikhs, Jains

Schedule

On 9 September, the Election Commission of India announced the dates for Bihar Assembly elections.[107]

PhaseDateNo. of constituenciesCovering districts
I12 October49Samastipur, Begusarai, Khagaria, Bhagalpur, Banka, Munger, Lakhisarai, Sheikhpura, Nawada, Jamui
II16 October32Kaimur, Rohtas, Arwal, Jehanabad, Aurangabad, Gaya
III28 October50Saran, Vaishali, Nalanda, Patna, Bhojpur, Buxar
IV1 November55Paschim Champaran, Purvi Champaran, Sheohar, Sitamarhi, Muzaffarpur, Gopalganj, Siwan
V5 November57Madhubani, Supaul, Araria, Kishanganj, Purnia, Katihar, Madhepura, Saharsa, Darbhanga
Counting8 November243
Source: Election Commission of India

Parties and alliances

Mahagathbandhan

See main article: Mahagathbandhan (Bihar). On 7 June, Lalu Prasad Yadav announced the RJD was joining in an alliance with the JDU for the election.[108] [109] On 13 July, he led a march demanding that the central government release its findings of the Socio Economic Caste Census 2011 (SECC) on caste,[110] [111] [112] although Union Minister Ram Vilas Paswan pitched for a comprehensive classification of caste data of SECC 2011 before its release,[113] and also said Lalu, Nitish will be worst impacted from the caste data even if its released.[114] [115] BJP Leader Sushil Kumar Modi called for rectification of errors in the cases of 1.46 crore people in India, including 1.75 lakh in Bihar, before releasing the caste data.[116]

On 3 August, incumbent Chief Minister Nitish Kumar declared that he would not stand in the election.[117] [118] On 11 August, he announced the seat-sharing formula, according to which JD(U) and RJD will contest 100 seats each, while Congress will contest 40 seats in Bihar.[119] NCP pulled out of this alliance later.[120] On 23 September, Nitish Kumar announced the list of 242 candidates for the JDU–RJD–INC alliance.[121] [122] [123] OBCs were most favoured in the alliance ticket distribution plan.[124] [125] [126] 10% of tickets were allotted to women candidate by the alliance.[127] The Congress Vice-president Rahul Gandhi assigned the task to shortlist Congress candidates for each of the 40 assembly constituencies to former Governor of Kerala and Nagaland Nikhil Kumar.[128]

Nitish Kumar was the declared chief ministerial candidate for the Mahagathbandhan (Grand Alliance). Kumar started his Har Ghar Dastak (door-to-door) campaign on 2 July.[129] [130] [131] Initially there were definite political overtures when both Lalu Prasad Yadav and Nitish Kumar shared stage together in a public [132] event commemorating former chief minister Satyendra Narain Sinha's birth anniversary that witnessed veiled attacks on each other, the last time [133] they did it in public.Prashant Kishor was a key election strategist for the alliance.[134] [135] The Janata Dal-United started 400 audio-visual vans called Jan Bhagidari Manch raths for the campaign.[136] Kumar is launching 'Bihar Samman Sammelan' in various cities, including Delhi and Mumbai, to connect with the Bihari diaspora.[137]

However, the grand alliance broke on 26 July 2017 as a result of the resignation by Nitish Kumar and on the next day 27 July JD(U) made an alliance with NDA and Nitish Kumar sworn in as the chief minister of Bihar for the 6th time and Sushil Modi was sworn in as the deputy chief minister for the 3rd time.

National Democratic Alliance

See also: National Democratic Alliance (India). Bhartiya Janata Party (BJP) used 243 GPS-monitored raths (modified Boleros) and video vans in the election.[138] [139] The BJP also set up a monitoring headquarters in Patna to track the movement of the GPS-equipped vehicles which will visit 40,000 villages in all 243 constituencies.[140] [141] The campaign was kick-started by Prime Minister Narendra Modi in Muzaffarpur on 25 July, where he also inaugurated the permanent campus of IIT Patna in Bihta.[142] [143] [144] [145] The BJP election exercise also involved three lakh volunteers.[146] Modi held his second election rally in Gaya on 9 August[147] [148] and his third rally in Arrah[149] [150] and Saharsa on 18 August.[151] [152] Modi announced a Rs 1.25 lakh crore package for Bihar.[153] [154] He addressed his fourth rally in Bhagalpur on 1 September.[155] Bollywood actor Ajay Devgan also campaigned for the BJP.[156] [157] Modi addressed several rallies after 25 October in several constituencies.[158]

In a rally in Buxar on 26 October, Modi vowed to defend reservation of Dalits, STs, OBCs.[159] [160] [161] He said of the Mahagathbandhan that it was trying to hatch a conspiracy to carve out a sub-quota on the basis of religion as the Supreme Court of India has said reservation cannot be more than 50%.[162] [163] [164] [165] On 27 October, in Bettiah, he again accused Nitish Kumar and Lalu Prasad Yadav of diluting the share of SC, ST and OBC.[166] [167] It promoted the view that an attempt was being made to take the reservation of Dalits and other OBCs and give it to other minorities.[168] Union Finance Minister Arun Jaitley also agreed with Modi's assertions that the idea of reservations on the basis of religion is fraught with danger.[169] [170] On 1 November, Modi repeated the allegations that the two leaders came together in July 2005 to demand a review of the policy to provide for religion-based reservation.[171] [172] A video dating from 2005 which was leaked showed Lalu was asking for a quota for Muslims.[173] On 3 July, BJP announced its seventh morcha, the BJP OBC Morcha, reportedly in regards to the election.[174] [175] [176]

On 11 June, Jitan Ram Manjhi announced his party Hindustani Awam Morcha alliance with the NDA for the election.[177] [178]

On 14 September, the NDA announced its seat distribution: BJP got 160 seats, LJP got 40 seats, RLSP got 23 seats and HAM got 20 seats.[179] The NDA did not announce any chief ministerial candidate.[180] BJP announced the names of 154 candidates in three lists.[181] [182] [183] Caste played a major role in distributing tickets.[184] [185] BJP also accommodated five candidates of the Hindustani Awam Morcha.[186] Later, the BJP gave the Imamganj seat to HAM for Majhi is contesting and BJP reduced its seat tally to 159.[187] [188] On 1 October, the BJP released its manifesto.[189]

Socialist Secular Morcha

On 19 September, the leaders of six parties – Samajwadi Party, Nationalist Congress Party, Jan Adhikar Party, Samras Samaj Party, National People's Party and Samajwadi Janata Dal Democratic – announced the formation of a third front known as the Socialist Secular Morcha. SP and NCP fought on most of the seats. NPP fought on 3 seats.[190] On 15 October, NCP leader Tariq Anwar announced that his party had decided to leave the third front.[191] [192]

Left Front

On 24 July, the Communist Party of India, the Communist Party of India (Marxist), the Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist) Liberation, the All India Forward Bloc, the Socialist Unity Centre of India (Communist) and the Revolutionary Socialist Party decided to run in all constituencies on a join ticket citing its call for an alternative platform.[10] The CPI will contest 98 seats, while the CPI-ML, CPI(M), SUCI, Forward Bloc, and RSP will contest 98, 43, 10, 9, and 3 seats, respectively.[193] CPI released its first list of 81 candidates on 16 September 2015.[194]

Others

Muslim parties

At least six Muslim parties contested the election.[195] AIMIM contested six seats.[196]

All India Majlis-e-Ittehadul Muslimeen (AIMIM) leader Asaduddin Owaisi addressed a rally in Kishanganj on 16 August.[197] [198] Owaisi accused Nitish and Lalu of keeping the Seemanchal region (consisting of 24 seats) as a backward region.[199] [200] [201] AIMIM is contesting on 6 assembly seats in Seemanchal region where Muslim voters play a major role.[202] [203] [204] He addressed a public rally in Kishanganj on 4 October in the Sontha village, which is part of the Kochadhaman Assembly constituency.[205] [206] [207] He held further rallies at many places in Kishanganj and Purnia.[208] [209]

On 5 October, AIMIM released its first list of its six candidates for the election.[210]

Bahujan Samaj Party

In June 2015, the Bahujan Samaj Party said it would contest all 243 seats.[211] [212] In July, the BSP initially released its first list of 49 candidates, including five women candidates, by Bharat Bind, the president of the BSP Bihar unit.[213] National party leader Mayawati planned to campaign for its candidates.[214] BSP's first list has 11 Other Backward Class (OBCs) and 11 Muslims, while they also field Dalits and OBCs from non-reserved seats.[215] On 6 September, Mayawati said of the central government that it was being "remote-controlled" by the "communal and fascist" organisation Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh (RSS).[216] [217] [218]

Naseemuddin Siddiqui, Munquad Ali (Rajya Sabha MP), and Ram Achal Rajbhar were appointed to form a strategy to consolidate the Dalits, Most Backward Castes (MBCs), and Muslim votes.[219] On 9 September, Mayawati questioned the announcement of Dearness Allowance (DA) by the central government just before the election and again accused the RSS and its affiliated Sangh Parivar organizations of using the 2011 national census for fear-mongering against Muslim population growth for sectarian purposes, as well as to divert attention from such issues as the alleged failure of the central government to deliver on its promises. She added that the census also showed positive signs such as the sex ratio among Muslims is 951 females to 1,000 males, which is higher than the national average and indicated a slowing of the Muslim population growth rate.[220] On 10 September, she called for the deployment of central forces in large numbers on electoral duty to assure a free and fair election and further asked the ECI to keep a watch on possible sectarian ploys by the BJP.[221] [222]

Mayawati officially launched the party's campaign on 9 October from Banka.[223] On 13 October, addressing a rally in Rohtas and Kaimur districts, she claimed that the SP chief Mulayam Singh Yadav and the party leadership had surrendered to the BJP. She claimed that it has fielded candidates after consulting with the BJP.[224] [225] She further called on the NDA to not allow the reservation policy for OBCs and SC/STs to fall under the RSS' influence.[226] On 25 October, Mayawati while addressing a rally in Buxar district of Bihar said that Samajwadi Party played in the hands of BJP due to which Nationalist Congress Party (NCP) broke away from it. She also alleged that BJP is working only for the Business class and the Nitish-Lalu governments did nothing for the poor.[227]

Minor

Expelled RJD MP Pappu Yadav created the Jan Adhikar Party before the election and announced to fight against the Lalu-Nitish alliance.[228] [229] Yogendra Yadav has announced that Swaraj Abhiyan may extend its support to certain political parties, however it was not clear which one.[230]

On 17 September, Shiv Sena announced that it will contest over 150 seats during the election.[231] [232] On 19 September, a third front – Socialist Secular Morcha – announced its seat distribution: SP got 85 seats, Janadhikar Party got 64 seats, NCP got 40 seats, SSP got 28 seats, SJP got 23 seats and NPP got three seats.[233] Former U.K. banker Akshay Verma's Sarvajan Kalyan Loktantrik Party contested about 90 seats in the election.[234]

The Aam Aadmi Party and JVM-P decided that they will not contest the election, but will campaign against the NDA.[235] [236]

Opinion polls

When conductedRefPolling organisation/agencySample sizebgcolor= bgcolor=
MGBNDAOther
Apr–May 2015[237] ABP News[238] NA1271115
Jun–Jul 2015[239] ABP News – NielsenNA1211184
August–September 2015[240] India Today – Cicero5,96810612512
August–September 2015[241] India TV–CVoter poll10,638120–12894–10617–21
3–7 September 2015[242] ABP News – Nielsen4,4931221183
12–13 September 2015[243] Zee News Survey31,90670–103140–1730
23 September 2015[244] Times Now – CVoter7,78611211714
October 2015[245] Leadtech – infoelections.com11,56673168
8 October 2015[246] CNN-IBN–Axis Poll275001379511
7 October 2015[247] ABP NewsNA1121283
October 2015[248] India Today – Cicero pollNA12211110
October 2015[249] News Nation7,000115–119120–1242–4
October 2015[250] India TV– Cvoter9,916108–124111–1274–12

Election

The electoral process cost about to the Bihar government exchequer.[251] [252] [253]

The electorate in Chandila village of Maker block in Saran district's Amnour Assembly constituency boycotted the election and no votes were cast in protest against the government's failure to bring electricity to their village.[254] [255]

Exit polls

The Axis APM polls was not finally aired by its commissioning news channel, CNN–IBN.[256]

Polling organisation/agencyRefSample sizebgcolor= bgcolor=
MGBNDAOther
ABP News – Nielsen[257] 1301085
CNN–IBN – Axis 176643
India Today – Cicero[258] 111–123113–1274–8
NDTV – Hansa[259] 76,0001101258
India TV–Times Now–CVoter[260] 35,000+112–132101–1216–14
News 24 – Today's Chanakya[261] 831555

Results

The result was announced on 8 November.[262] The counting of EVMs of 14 assembly constituencies of Patna district was done in AN College Patna.[263] [264] The NOTA option had nine lakhs, or 2.5%, of popular votes and was the highest it had achieved in Bihar elections.[265] [266] The number of Yadav MLAs increased to 61 in the Bihar assembly.[267]

Results showed that, of the 53 seats won by BJP, 27 were urban areas, which signified that BJP had dramatically shrunk back to its traditional urban support base in Bihar. BJP failed to make a big impact in the rural areas of Bihar, which has one of the lowest urbanization rates. Only 11.3% of the population of Bihar lives in urban areas, which is lowest in India after Himachal Pradesh.[268]

According to one analysis, RJD was the biggest beneficiary of this election. RJD increased its seat tally by 59 compared with the previous election. RJD had the best strike rate by winning 81 of the 101 seats contested. RJD became the single largest party in Bihar Assembly. RJD defeated BJP in 36 seats BJP had won in the last election, similarly, it took 25 seats JD (U) had won in the last election.[269]

Summary

|- style="background-color:#E9E9E9; text-align:center;"! Colspan=2|Alliance! Colspan=2|Political party ! Votes ! Vote % ! Change
in vote % ! Vote % in
seats contested! Seats
contested ! Won ! Net change
in seats ! % of
seats|-|rowspan=3 bgcolor=#008000||rowspan="3" style="text-align:center; |Mahagathbandhan| | style="text-align:left;" |Rashtriya Janata Dal| 69,95,509 | 18.4 | 0.44 | 44.35| 101 | 80 | 58| 32.92|-| | style="text-align:left;" |Janata Dal (United) | 64,16,414 | 16.8 | 5.81 | 40.65| 101 | 71 | 44 | 29.21|- | | style="text-align:left;" |Indian National Congress| 25,39,638 | 6.7 | 1.68 | 39.49| 41 | 27 | 23 | 11.11 |-style="background:blue; color: white;|- |rowspan="4" style="text-align:center;background: orange; color: white;"||align=center rowspan=4|NDA| | style="text-align:left;" |Bharatiya Janata Party| 93,08,015| 24.4| 7.94| 37.48| 157| 53| 38| 21.81 |- | | style="text-align:left;" |Lok Janshakti Party| 18,40,834| 4.8| 1.95| 28.79| 42| 2| 1| 0.82 |- | | style="text-align:left;" |Rashtriya Lok Samata Party| 9,76,787 | 2.6 | -| 0.64| 23 | 2 | 2 | 0.82 |- |bgcolor=#FF0000|| style="text-align:left;" |Hindustani Awam Morcha| 8,64,856 | 2.3 | -| 26.90| 21 | 1 | 1 | 0.41 |-style="background:orange; color: white;|- |rowspan=6 bgcolor=#FF0000||rowspan="6" style="text-align:center;|Left Front| | style="text-align:left;" |Communist Party of India| 5,16,699| 1.36| 0.29| 3.43| 98| 0| 1| 0 |-| | style="text-align:left;" |CPI(ML) Liberation| 5,87,701| 1.54| 0.29| 3.82| 98| 3| 3| 1.23 |-| | style="text-align:left;" |Communist Party of India (Marxist)| 2,32,149| 0.61| 0.21| 3.32| 43| 0| | 0 |-| | style="text-align:left;" |Socialist Unity Centre of India (Communist)| 11,621| 0.03| 0.02| 0.74| 10| 0| | 0 |-| | style="text-align:left;" |All India Forward Bloc| 6,936| 0.02| 0.00| 0.21| 9| 0| | 0 |-| | style="text-align:left;" |Revolutionary Socialist Party| 3,045| 0.01| 0.00| 0.64| 3| 0| | 0 |-|rowspan=6||rowspan="6" style="text-align:center;"| Socialist
Secular
Morcha| | style="text-align:left;" |Samajwadi Party| 3,85,511| 1.0| 0.45| 1.83| 85| 0| | 0 |- | | style="text-align:left;" | Jan Adhikar Party (Loktantrik)| 5,14,748| 1.4| | | 64| 0| | 0 |- |- | | style="text-align:left;" |Nationalist Congress Party| 1,85,437| 0.5| 1.32| 2.82| 40| 0| | 0 |- | | style="text-align:left;" | Samras Samaj Party| | | | | 28| 0| | 0 |- |bgcolor=#008000|| style="text-align:left;" | Samajwadi Janata Dal Democratic| | | | | 23| 0| | 0 |- |bgcolor=#DB7093|| style="text-align:left;" |National People's Party| | | | | 3| 0| | 0 |-|rowspan=7||rowspan="7" style="text-align:center;"| Others| | style="text-align:left;" |Bahujan Samaj Party| 7,88,024| 2.1| 1.11| 2.21| 243 | 0| | 0 |-| | style="text-align:left;" |Shiv Sena| 2,11,131 | 0.6 | 0.21 | 1.84| 150 | 0 | | 0 |- | | style="text-align:left;" |Sarvajan Kalyan Loktantrik Party| 1,08,851| 0.3| | 0.91| 90| 0| | 0 |- | | style="text-align:left;" |Jharkhand Mukti Morcha | 1,03,940| 0.3| 0.31| 2.02| | 0| | 0 |- | | style="text-align:left;" |Garib Janata Dal (Secular) | 92,279| 0.2| | 0.66| | 0| | 0 |-| | style="text-align:left;" |All India Majlis-e-Ittehadul Muslimeen| 80,248| 0.2| | 8.04| 6| 0| | 0 |-| | style="text-align:left;" |Independents| 35,80,953| 9.4| 3.82| 9.57| 1150| 4| 2| 1.64 |-|Colspan=1||| | style="text-align:left;colspan = 4|NOTA| 9,47,276 | 2.5 | | 2.49| 243 | | | |-|- class="unsortable" style="background-color:#E9E9E9"! colspan = 3|Total! 3,76,73,594! style="text-align:center;" |100.00! colspan = 1|!! style="text-align:center;" |243!!! !|-! colspan="12" ||-| style="text-align:right;" colspan="3" |Valid votes| 3,76,73,594| 99.94| colspan="7" rowspan="5" style="background-color:#E9E9E9" ||-| style="text-align:right;" colspan="3" |Invalid votes|23,384|0.06|-| style="text-align:right;" colspan="3" |Votes cast / turnout|3,76,73,594|56.91|-| style="text-align:right;" colspan="3" |Abstentions| 2,85,46,215|43.09|-| style="text-align:right;" colspan="3" |Registered voters| 6,62,43,193|colspan="1" style="background-color:#E9E9E9"||-|}

Results by district

DistrictTotal
MGBNDAOther
West Champaran9351
East Champaran12570
Sheohar1100
Sitamarhi8620
Madhubani10820
Supaul5410
Araria6420
Kishanganj4400
Purnia7610
Katihar7421
Madhepura4400
Saharsa4400
Darbhanga10820
Muzaffarpur11632
Gopalganj6420
Siwan8611
Saran10820
Vaishali8620
Samastipur101000
Begusarai7700
Khagaria4400
Bhagalpur7610
Banka5410
Munger3300
Lakhisarai2110
Sheikhpura2200
Nalanda7610
Patna14671
Bhojpur7601
Buxar4400
Kaimur4040
Rohtas7610
Arwal2200
Jehanabad3300
Aurangabad6420
Gaya9630
Nawada5320
Jamui4310
Total243178587

Results by constituency

Assembly constituency! colspan="4"
WinnerRunner upMargin
NameCandidatePartyVotesCandidatePartyVotes
West Champaran District
1Valmiki NagarDhirendra Pratap SinghIndependent66860Irshad HussainIndian National Congress3328033580
2RamnagarBhagirathi DeviBharatiya Janata Party82166Purnmasi RamIndian National Congress6417817988
3NarkatiaganjVinay VermaIndian National Congress57212Renu DeviBharatiya Janata Party4115116061
4BagahaRaghaw Sharan PandeyBharatiya Janata Party74476Bhishm SahaniJanata Dal (United)662938183
5LauriyaVinay BihariBharatiya Janata Party57351Ran Kaushal Pratap SinghRashtriya Janata Dal3977817573
6NautanNarayan PrasadBharatiya Janata Party66697Baidyanath Prasad MahtoJanata Dal (United)5236214335
7ChanpatiaPrakash RaiBharatiya Janata Party61304N. N. SahiJanata Dal (United)60840464
8BettiahMadan Mohan TiwariIndian National Congress66786Renu DeviBharatiya Janata Party644662320
9SiktaKhurshid (Feroz Ahmad)Janata Dal (United)69870Dilip VarmaBharatiya Janata Party670352835
East Champaran District
10RaxaulAjay Kumar SinghBharatiya Janata Party64731Suresh KumarRashtriya Janata Dal615623169
11SugauliRamchandra SahaniBharatiya Janata Party62384Om Prakash ChoudharyRashtriya Janata Dal546287756
12NarkatiyaShamim AhmadRashtriya Janata Dal75118Sant Singh KushwahaRashtriya Lok Samta Party5513619982
13HarsidhiRajendra KumarRashtriya Janata Dal75203Krishnanandan PaswanBharatiya Janata Party6493610267
14GovindganjRaju TiwariBgcolor=#0093DDLok Janshakti Party74685Brajesh KumarIndian National Congress4676527920
15KesariaRajesh KumarRashtriya Janata Dal62902Rajendra Prasad GuptaBharatiya Janata Party4695515947
16KalyanpurSachindra Prasad SinghBharatiya Janata Party50060Razia KhatoonJanata Dal (United)3857211488
17PipraShyambabu Prasad YadavBharatiya Janata Party65552Krishan ChandraJanata Dal (United)616223930
18MadhubanRana Randhir SinghBharatiya Janata Party61054Shivajee RaiJanata Dal (United)4483216222
19MotihariPramod KumarBharatiya Janata Party79947Binod Kumar ShrivastavaRashtriya Janata Dal6143018517
20ChiraiaLal Babu Prasad GuptaBharatiya Janata Party62831Laxmi Narayan Prasad YadavRashtriya Janata Dal584574374
21DhakaFaisal RahmanRashtriya Janata Dal87458Pawan Kumar JaiswalBharatiya Janata Party6826119197
Sheohar District
22SheoharSharfuddinJanata Dal (United)44576Lovely AnandHindustani Awam Morcha44115461
Sitamarhi District
23RigaAmit Kumar TunaIndian National Congress79217Moti Lal PrasadBharatiya Janata Party5636122856
24BathnahaDinkar RamBharatiya Janata Party74763Surendra RamIndian National Congress5459720166
25PariharGayatri DeviBharatiya Janata Party66388Ram Chandra PurveRashtriya Janata Dal623714017
26SursandSyed Abu DojanaRashtriya Janata Dal52857Amit KumarIndependent2962323234
27BajpattiRanju GeetaJanata Dal (United)67194Rekha KumariRashtriya Lok Samta Party5024816946
28SitamarhiSunil KumarRashtriya Janata Dal81557Sunil Kumar PintuBharatiya Janata Party6683514722
29RunnisaidpurMangita DeviRashtriya Janata Dal55699Pankaj Kumar MishraRashtriya Lok Samta Party4158914110
30BelsandSunita Singh ChauhanJanata Dal (United)33785Md. Nasir AhamadBgcolor=#0093DDLok Janshakti Party282105575
Madhubani District
31HarlakhiBasant KumarRashtriya Lok Samta Party40468Mohammad ShabbirIndian National Congress365763892
32BenipattiBhawana JhaIndian National Congress55978Vinod Narayan JhaBharatiya Janata Party512444734
33KhajauliSitaram YadavRashtriya Janata Dal71534Arun Shankar PrasadBharatiya Janata Party6083110703
34BabubarhiKapil Deo KamatJanata Dal (United)61486Binod Kumar SinghBgcolor=#0093DDLok Janshakti Party4121920267
35BisfiFaiyaz AhmadRashtriya Janata Dal70975Manoj Kumar YadavRashtriya Lok Samta Party3565035325
36MadhubaniSamir Kumar MahasethRashtriya Janata Dal76823Ramdeo MahtoBharatiya Janata Party695167307
37RajnagarRam Prit PaswanBharatiya Janata Party71614Ramawatar PaswanRashtriya Janata Dal653726242
38JhanjharpurGulab YadavRashtriya Janata Dal64320Nitish MishraBharatiya Janata Party63486834
39PhulparasGuljar Devi YadavJanata Dal (United)64368Ram Sundar YadavBharatiya Janata Party5095313415
40LaukahaLakshmeshwar RoyJanata Dal (United)79971Pramod Kumar PriyedarshiBharatiya Janata Party5613823833
Supaul District
41NirmaliAniruddha Prasad YadavJanata Dal (United)79600Ram Kumar RoyBharatiya Janata Party5564923951
42PipraYaduvansh Kumar YadavRashtriya Janata Dal85944Vishwa Mohan KumarBharatiya Janata Party4957536369
43SupaulBijendra Prasad YadavJanata Dal (United)82295Kishor KumarBharatiya Janata Party4489837397
44TriveniganjVeena BhartiJanata Dal (United)89869Anant Kumar BhartiBgcolor=#0093DDLok Janshakti Party3746952400
45ChhatapurNeeraj Kumar SinghBharatiya Janata Party75697Jahur AlamRashtriya Janata Dal664059292
Araria District
46NarpatganjAnil Kumar YadavRashtriya Janata Dal90250Janardan YadavBharatiya Janata Party6429925951
47RaniganjAchmit RishidevJanata Dal (United)77717Ramjidas RishidevBharatiya Janata Party6278714930
48ForbesganjVidya Sagar KeshriBharatiya Janata Party85929Krityanand BiswasRashtriya Janata Dal6069125238
49ArariaAvidur RahmanIndian National Congress92667Ajay Kumar JhaBgcolor=#0093DDLok Janshakti Party5262340044
50JokihatSarfaraz AlamJanata Dal (United)92890Ranjeet YadavIndependent3891053980
51SiktiVijay Kumar MandalBharatiya Janata Party76995Shatrughan Prasad SumanJanata Dal (United)688898106
Kishanganj District
52BahadurganjMd. Tauseef AlamIndian National Congress53533Awadh Bihari SinghBharatiya Janata Party3959113942
53ThakurganjNaushad AlamJanata Dal (United)74239Gopal Kumar AgrawalBgcolor=#0093DDLok Janshakti Party661528087
54KishanganjMohammad JawedIndian National Congress66522Sweety SinghBharatiya Janata Party579138609
55KochadhamanMujahid AlamJanata Dal (United)55929Akhtarul ImanAll India Majlis-e-Ittehadul Muslimeen3708618843
Purnia District
56AmourAbdul Zalil MastanIndian National Congress100135Saba ZafarBharatiya Janata Party4813851997
57BaisiAbdus SubhanRashtriya Janata Dal67022Vinod KumarIndependent2828238740
58KasbaMd Afaque AlamIndian National Congress81633Pradip Kumar DasBharatiya Janata Party798391794
59BanmankhiKrishna Kumar RishiBharatiya Janata Party59053Sanjiv Kumar PaswanRashtriya Janata Dal58345708
60RupauliBima BhartiJanata Dal (United)50945Prem Prakash MandalBharatiya Janata Party412739672
61DhamdahaLeshi SinghJanata Dal (United)75400Shiv Shankar ThakurRashtriya Lok Samta Party4558329817
62PurniaVijay Kumar KhemkaBharatiya Janata Party92020Indu SinhaIndian National Congress5920532815
Katihar District
63KatiharTarkishore PrasadBharatiya Janata Party66048Bijay SinghJanata Dal (United)5115414894
64KadwaShakeel Ahmad KhanIndian National Congress56141Chander Bhushan ThakurBharatiya Janata Party503425799
65BalrampurMahbub AlamCommunist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist) L62513Barun Kumar JhaBharatiya Janata Party4209420419
66PranpurBinod Kumar SinghBharatiya Janata Party47924Israt ParweenBgcolor=#00B2B2Nationalist Congress Party398238101
67ManihariManohar Prasad SinghIndian National Congress61704Anil Kumar OraonBgcolor=#0093DDLok Janshakti Party4802413680
68BarariNeeraj KumarRashtriya Janata Dal71175Bibhash Chandra ChoudharyBharatiya Janata Party5683914336
69KorhaPunam PaswanIndian National Congress78409Mahesh PaswanBharatiya Janata Party729835426
Madhepura District
70AlamnagarNarendra Narayan YadavJanata Dal (United)87962Chandan SinghBgcolor=#0093DDLok Janshakti Party4408643876
71BihariganjNiranjan Kumar MehtaJanata Dal (United)78361Ravindra Charan YadavBharatiya Janata Party4910829253
72SingheshwarRamesh RishidevJanata Dal (United)83073Manju DeviHindustani Awam Morcha3287350200
73MadhepuraChandra ShekharRashtriya Janata Dal90974Vijay Kumar BimalBharatiya Janata Party5333237642
Saharsa District
74SonbarshaRatnesh SadaJanata Dal (United)88789Sarita DeviBgcolor=#0093DDLok Janshakti Party3502653763
75SaharsaArun KumarRashtriya Janata Dal102850Alok Ranjan JhaBharatiya Janata Party6364439206
76Simri BakhtiarpurDinesh Chandra YadavJanata Dal (United)78514Yusuf SalahuddinBgcolor=#0093DDLok Janshakti Party4070837806
77MahishiAbdul GhafoorRashtriya Janata Dal56436Chandan Kumar SahRashtriya Lok Samta Party3030126135
Darbhanga District
78Kusheshwar AsthanShashi Bhushan HazariJanata Dal (United)50062Dhananjay Kumar PaswanBgcolor=#0093DDLok Janshakti Party3021219850
79Gaura BauramMadan SahniJanata Dal (United)51403Vinod SahniBgcolor=#0093DDLok Janshakti Party3734114062
80BenipurSunil ChoudharyJanata Dal (United)69511Gopal Jee ThakurBharatiya Janata Party4306826443
81AlinagarAbdul Bari SiddiquiRashtriya Janata Dal67461Mishri Lal YadavBharatiya Janata Party5400113460
82Darbhanga RuralLalit Kumar YadavRashtriya Janata Dal70557Naushad AhmadHindustani Awam Morcha3606634491
83DarbhangaSanjay SaraogiBharatiya Janata Party77776Om Prakash KheriaRashtriya Janata Dal703167460
84HayaghatAmarnath GamiJanata Dal (United)65677Ramesh ChoudharyBgcolor=#0093DDLok Janshakti Party3244633231
85BahadurpurBhola YadavRashtriya Janata Dal71547Hari SahniBharatiya Janata Party5455816989
86KeotiFaraz FatmiRashtriya Janata Dal68601Ashok Kumar YadavBharatiya Janata Party607717830
87JaleJibesh KumarBharatiya Janata Party62059Rishi MishraJanata Dal (United)574394620
Muzaffarpur District
88GaighatMaheshwar Prasad YadavRashtriya Janata Dal67313Veena DeviBharatiya Janata Party638123501
89AuraiSurendra KumarRashtriya Janata Dal66958Ram Surat KumarBharatiya Janata Party5613310825
90MinapurMunna YadavRashtriya Janata Dal80790Ajay KumarBharatiya Janata Party5685023940
91BochahanBaby KumariIndependent67720Ramai RamJanata Dal (United)4359024130
92SakraLal Babu RamRashtriya Janata Dal75010Arjun RamBharatiya Janata Party6199813012
93KurhaniKedar Prasad GuptaBharatiya Janata Party73227Manoj Kumar SinghJanata Dal (United)6165711570
94MuzaffarpurSuresh Kumar SharmaBharatiya Janata Party95594Bijendra ChaudharyJanata Dal (United)6585529739
95KantiAshok Kumar ChoudharyIndependent58111Ajit KumarHindustani Awam Morcha488369275
96BarurajNand Kumar RaiRashtriya Janata Dal68011Arun Kumar SinghBharatiya Janata Party631024909
97ParooAshok Kumar SinghBharatiya Janata Party80445Shankar PrasadRashtriya Janata Dal6690613539
98SahebganjRam Vichar RayRashtriya Janata Dal70583Raju Kumar SinghBharatiya Janata Party5992310660
Gopalganj District
99BaikunthpurMithlesh TiwariBharatiya Janata Party56162Manjeet Kumar SinghJanata Dal (United)4204714115
100BarauliMd. NematullahRashtriya Janata Dal61690Rampravesh RaiBharatiya Janata Party61186504
101GopalganjSubhash SinghBharatiya Janata Party78491Reyazul Haque RajuRashtriya Janata Dal734175074
102KuchaikoteAmrendra Kumar PandeyJanata Dal (United)72224Kali Prasad PandeyBgcolor=#0093DDLok Janshakti Party686623562
103BhoreAnil KumarIndian National Congress74365Indradev ManjhiBharatiya Janata Party5949414871
104HathuaRamsewak SinghJanata Dal (United)57917Mahachandra Prasad SinghHindustani Awam Morcha3493322984
Siwan District
105SiwanVyas Deo PrasadBharatiya Janata Party55156Bablu PrasadJanata Dal (United)516223534
106ZiradeiRamesh Singh KushwahaJanata Dal (United)40760Asha DeviBharatiya Janata Party346696091
107DarauliSatyadeo RamCommunist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist) L49576Ramayan ManjhiBharatiya Janata Party399929584
108RaghunathpurHari Shankar YadavRashtriya Janata Dal61042Manoj Kumar SinghBharatiya Janata Party5042010622
109DaraundaKavita SinghJanata Dal (United)66255Jitendra SwamiBharatiya Janata Party5303313222
110BarhariaShyam Bahadur SinghJanata Dal (United)65168Bachha PandayBgcolor=#0093DDLok Janshakti Party5058514583
111GoriakothiSatyadeo Prasad SinghRashtriya Janata Dal70965Devesh Kant SinghBharatiya Janata Party633147651
112MaharajganjHem Narayan SahJanata Dal (United)68459Kumar Deo Ranjan SinghBharatiya Janata Party4816720292
Saran District
113EkmaManoranjan SinghJanata Dal (United)49508Kameshwar Kumar SinghBharatiya Janata Party413828126
114ManjhiVijay Shanker DubeyIndian National Congress29558Keshav SinghBgcolor=#0093DDLok Janshakti Party206928866
115BaniapurKedar Nath SinghRashtriya Janata Dal69851Tarkeshwar SinghBharatiya Janata Party5390015951
116TaraiyaMudrika Prasad RaiRashtriya Janata Dal69012Janak SinghBharatiya Janata Party4857220440
117MarhauraJitendra Kumar RayRashtriya Janata Dal66714Lal Babu RaiBharatiya Janata Party4999616718
118ChapraC. N. GuptaBharatiya Janata Party71646Randhir Kumar SinghRashtriya Janata Dal6026711379
119GarkhaMuneshwar ChaudharyRashtriya Janata Dal89249Gyanchand ManjhiBharatiya Janata Party4936639883
120AmnourShatrudhan TiwariBharatiya Janata Party39134Krishna Kumar MantooJanata Dal (United)338835251
121ParsaChandrika RaiRashtriya Janata Dal77211Chhotelal RaiBgcolor=#0093DDLok Janshakti Party3487642335
122SonpurRamanuj Prasad YadavRashtriya Janata Dal86082Vinay Kumar SinghBharatiya Janata Party4968636396
Vaishali District
123HajipurAwadhesh SinghBharatiya Janata Party86773Jagannath Prasad RaiIndian National Congress7457812195
124LalganjRaj Kumar SahBgcolor=#0093DDLok Janshakti Party80842Vijay Kumar ShuklaJanata Dal (United)6054920293
125VaishaliRaj Kishore SinghJanata Dal (United)79286Brishin PatelHindustani Awam Morcha4822531061
126MahuaTej Pratap YadavRashtriya Janata Dal66927Ravindra RayHindustani Awam Morcha3877228155
127Raja PakarShivchandra RamRashtriya Janata Dal61251Ram Nath RamanBgcolor=#0093DDLok Janshakti Party4609615155
128RaghopurTejashwi YadavRashtriya Janata Dal91236Satish KumarBharatiya Janata Party6850322733
129MahnarUmesh Singh KushwahaJanata Dal (United)69825Achuta NandBharatiya Janata Party4337026455
130PatepurPrema ChaudharyRashtriya Janata Dal67548Mahendra BaithaBharatiya Janata Party5508712461
Samastipur District
131KalyanpurMaheshwar HazariJanata Dal (United)84904Prince RajBgcolor=#0093DDLok Janshakti Party4721837686
132WarisnagarAshok KumarJanata Dal (United)92687Chandrashekhar RaiBgcolor=#0093DDLok Janshakti Party3411458573
133SamastipurAkhtarul Islam SahinRashtriya Janata Dal82508Renu KushawahaBharatiya Janata Party5142831080
134UjiarpurAlok Kumar MehtaRashtriya Janata Dal85466Kumar AnantRashtriya Lok Samta Party3800647460
135MorwaVidya Sagar Singh NishadJanata Dal (United)59206Suresh RayBharatiya Janata Party4039018816
136SarairanjanVijay Kumar ChaudharyJanata Dal (United)81055Ranjeet NirguniBharatiya Janata Party4701134044
137MohiuddinnagarEjya YadavRashtriya Janata Dal47137Rajesh Kumar SinghIndependent2370623431
138BibhutipurRam Balak SinghJanata Dal (United)57882Ramdeo VermaCommunist Party of India (Marxist)4064717235
139RoseraAshok KumarIndian National Congress85506Manju HazariBharatiya Janata Party5114534361
140HasanpurRaj Kumar RayJanata Dal (United)63094Vinod ChoudharyRashtriya Lok Samta Party3349429600
Begusarai District
141Cheria-BariarpurManju VermaJanata Dal (United)69795Anil Kumar ChaudharyBgcolor=#0093DDLok Janshakti Party4005929736
142BachhwaraRamdeo RaiIndian National Congress73983Arvind Kumar SinghBgcolor=#0093DDLok Janshakti Party3705236931
143TeghraBirendra KumarRashtriya Janata Dal68975Ram Lakhan SinghBharatiya Janata Party5336415611
144MatihaniNarendra Kumar SinghJanata Dal (United)89297Sarvesh KumarBharatiya Janata Party6660922688
145Sahebpur KamalShreenarayan YadavRashtriya Janata Dal78225M.d. AslamBgcolor=#0093DDLok Janshakti Party3275145474
146BegusaraiAmita BhushanIndian National Congress83521Surendra MehataBharatiya Janata Party6699016531
147BakhriUpendra PaswanRashtriya Janata Dal72632Ramanand RamBharatiya Janata Party3237640256
Khagaria District
148AlauliChandan KumarRashtriya Janata Dal70519Pashupati Kumar ParasBgcolor=#0093DDLok Janshakti Party4604924470
149KhagariaPoonam Devi YadavJanata Dal (United)64767Rajesh KumarHindustani Awam Morcha3920225565
150BeldaurPanna Lal Singh PatelJanata Dal (United)63216Mithilesh Kumar NishadBgcolor=#0093DDLok Janshakti Party4969113525
151ParbattaRamanad Prasad SinghJanata Dal (United)76248Ramanuj ChoudharyBharatiya Janata Party4732428924
Bhagalpur District
152BihpurVarsha RaniRashtriya Janata Dal68963Kumar ShailendraBharatiya Janata Party5624712716
153GopalpurNarendra Kumar NirajJanata Dal (United)57403Anil Kumar YadavBharatiya Janata Party522345169
154PirpaintiRam Vilash PaswanRashtriya Janata Dal80058Lalan KumarBharatiya Janata Party749145144
155KahalgaonSadanand SinghIndian National Congress64981Niraj Kumar MandalBgcolor=#0093DDLok Janshakti Party4375221229
156BhagalpurAjeet SharmaIndian National Congress70514Arjit Shashwat ChoubeyBharatiya Janata Party5985610658
157SultanganjSubodh RoyJanata Dal (United)63345Himanshu PrasadRashtriya Lok Samta Party4931214033
158NathnagarAjay Kumar MandalJanata Dal (United)66485Amar Nath PrasadBgcolor=#0093DDLok Janshakti Party586607825
Banka District
159AmarpurJanardan ManjhiJanata Dal (United)73707Mrinal ShekharBharatiya Janata Party6193411773
160DhoraiyaManish KumarJanata Dal (United)68858Bhudeo ChoudharyRashtriya Lok Samta Party4470424154
161BankaRamnarayan MandalBharatiya Janata Party52379Zafrul HodaRashtriya Janata Dal486493730
162KatoriaSweety Sima HembramRashtriya Janata Dal54760Nikki HembramBharatiya Janata Party4442310337
163BelharGiridhari YadavJanata Dal (United)70348Manoj YadavBharatiya Janata Party5415716191
Munger District
164TarapurMewalal ChaudharyJanata Dal (United)66411Shakuni ChoudhuryHindustani Awam Morcha5446411947
165MungerVijay Kumar 'Vijay'Rashtriya Janata Dal77216Pranav KumarBharatiya Janata Party728514365
166JamalpurShailesh KumarJanata Dal (United)67273Himanshu KunvarBgcolor=#0093DDLok Janshakti Party5179715476
Lakhisarai District
167SuryagarhaPrahlad YadavRashtriya Janata Dal82490Prem Ranjan PatelBharatiya Janata Party5246030030
168LakhisaraiVijay Kumar SinhaBharatiya Janata Party75901Ramanand MandalJanata Dal (United)693456556
Sheikhpura District
169SheikhpuraRandhir Kumar SoniJanata Dal (United)41755Naresh SawHindustani Awam Morcha2865413101
170BarbighaSudarshan KumarIndian National Congress46406Sheo KumarRashtriya Lok Samta Party3068915717
Nalanda District
171AsthawanJitendra KumarJanata Dal (United)58908Chhote Lal YadavBgcolor=#0093DDLok Janshakti Party4846410444
172BiharsharifSunil KumarBharatiya Janata Party76201Mohammad Asghar ShamimJanata Dal (United)738612340
173RajgirRavi Jyoti KumarJanata Dal (United)62009Satyadev Narayan AryaBharatiya Janata Party566195390
174IslampurChandrasen PrasadJanata Dal (United)66587Birendra GopeBharatiya Janata Party6658722602
175HilsaShakti Singh YadavRashtriya Janata Dal72347Deepika KumariBgcolor=#0093DDLok Janshakti Party4627126076
176NalandaShrawan KumarJanata Dal (United)72596Kaushlendra KumarBharatiya Janata Party696002996
177HarnautHari Narayan SinghJanata Dal (United)71933Arun KumarBgcolor=#0093DDLok Janshakti Party5763814295
Patna District
178MokamaAnant Kumar SinghIndependent54005Neeraj KumarJanata Dal (United)3565718348
179BarhGyanendra Kumar SinghBharatiya Janata Party63989Manoj KumarJanata Dal (United)556308359
180BakhtiarpurRanvijay Singh YadavBharatiya Janata Party61496Aniruddh Kumar YadavRashtriya Janata Dal535947902
181DighaSanjeev ChaurasiyaBharatiya Janata Party92671Rajeev Ranjan PrasadJanata Dal (United)6789224779
182BankipurNitin NabinBharatiya Janata Party86759Kumar AshishIndian National Congress4699239767
183KumhrarArun Kumar SinhaBharatiya Janata Party87792Aquil HaiderIndian National Congress5051737275
184Patna SahibNand Kishore YadavBharatiya Janata Party88108Santosh MehtaRashtriya Janata Dal853162792
185FatuhaRama Nand YadavRashtriya Janata Dal77210Satyendra Kumar SinghBgcolor=#0093DDLok Janshakti Party4680830402
186DanapurAsha DeviBharatiya Janata Party72192Raj Kishor YadavRashtriya Janata Dal669835209
187ManerBhai VirendraRashtriya Janata Dal89773Srikant NiralaBharatiya Janata Party6694522828
188PhulwariShyam RajakJanata Dal (United)94094Rajeshwar ManjhiHindustani Awam Morcha4838145713
189MasaurhiRekha DeviRashtriya Janata Dal89657Nutan PaswanHindustani Awam Morcha5047139186
190PaliganjJai Vardhan YadavRashtriya Janata Dal65932Ram Janm SharmaBharatiya Janata Party4147924453
191BikramSiddharthIndian National Congress94088Anil KumarBharatiya Janata Party4977744311
Bhojpur District
192SandeshArun KumarRashtriya Janata Dal74306Sanjay SinghBharatiya Janata Party4887925427
193BarharaSaroj YadavRashtriya Janata Dal65001Asha DeviBharatiya Janata Party5169313308
194ArrahMohammad Nawaz AlamRashtriya Janata Dal70004Amrendra Pratap SinghBharatiya Janata Party69338666
195AgiaonPrabhunath PrasadJanata Dal (United)52276Shivesh KumarBharatiya Janata Party3757214704
196TarariSudama PrasadCommunist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist) L44050Gita PandeyBgcolor=#0093DDLok Janshakti Party43778272
197JagdishpurRam Vishnun SinghRashtriya Janata Dal49020Rakesh RaushanRashtriya Lok Samta Party3882510195
198ShahpurRahul TiwaryRashtriya Janata Dal69315Visheshwar OjhaBharatiya Janata Party5474514570
Buxar District
199BrahampurShambhu Nath YadavRashtriya Janata Dal94079Vivek ThakurBharatiya Janata Party6330330776
200BuxarSanjay Kumar TiwariIndian National Congress66527Pradeep DubeyBharatiya Janata Party5634610181
201DumraonDadan YadavJanata Dal (United)81081Ram Bihari SinghRashtriya Lok Samta Party5074230339
202RajpurSantosh Kumar NiralaJanata Dal (United)84184Bishawnath RamBharatiya Janata Party5139632788
Kaimur District
203RamgarhAshok Kumar SinghBharatiya Janata Party57501Ambika Singh YadavRashtriya Janata Dal494908011
204MohaniaNiranjan RamBharatiya Janata Party60911Sanjay KumarIndian National Congress533307581
205BhabuaAnand Bhushan PandeyBharatiya Janata Party50768Pramod Kumar SinghJanata Dal (United)430247744
206ChainpurBrij Kishor BindBharatiya Janata Party58913Mohammad Zama KhanBahujan Samaj Party58242671
Rohtas District
207ChenariLalan PaswanRashtriya Lok Samta Party68148Mangal RamIndian National Congress583679781
208SasaramAshok KumarRashtriya Janata Dal82766Jawahar PrasadBharatiya Janata Party6315419612
209KargaharBashisht SinghJanata Dal (United)57018Birendra Kumar SinghRashtriya Lok Samta Party4411112907
210DinaraJai Kumar SinghJanata Dal (United)64699Rajendra Prasad SinghBharatiya Janata Party620082691
211NokhaAnita DeviRashtriya Janata Dal72780Rameshwar ChaurasiyaBharatiya Janata Party4978222998
212DehriMohammad Iliyas HussainRashtriya Janata Dal49402Jitendra KumarRashtriya Lok Samta Party455043898
213KarakatSanjay Kumar SinghRashtriya Janata Dal59720Rajeshwar RajBharatiya Janata Party4760112119
Arwal District
214ArwalRavindra SinghRashtriya Janata Dal55295Chitranjan KumarBharatiya Janata Party3748517810
215KurthaSatyadeo SinghJanata Dal (United)43676Ashok Kumar VermaRashtriya Lok Samta Party2955714119
Jehanabad District
216JehanabadMudrika Singh YadavRashtriya Janata Dal76458Praveen KumarRashtriya Lok Samta Party4613730321
217GhosiKrishna Nandan Prasad VermaJanata Dal (United)67248Rahul KumarHindustani Awam Morcha4562321625
218MakhdumpurSubedar DasRashtriya Janata Dal66631Jitan Ram ManjhiHindustani Awam Morcha3985426777
Aurangabad District
219GohManoj KumarBharatiya Janata Party53615Ranvijay KumarJanata Dal (United)459437672
220ObraBirendra Kumar SinhaRashtriya Janata Dal56042Chandra Bhushan VermaRashtriya Lok Samta Party4464611396
221NabinagarVirendra Kumar SinghJanata Dal (United)42035Gopal Narayan SinghBharatiya Janata Party367745261
222KutumbaRajesh KumarIndian National Congress51303Santosh Suman ManjhiHindustani Awam Morcha4120510098
223AurangabadAnand Shankar SinghIndian National Congress63637Ramadhar SinghBharatiya Janata Party4523918398
224RafiganjAshok Kumar SinghJanata Dal (United)62897Pramod Kumar SinghBgcolor=#0093DDLok Janshakti Party533729525
Gaya District
225GuruaRajiv NandanBharatiya Janata Party56480Ramchandra Prasad SinghJanata Dal (United)499656515
226SherghatiVinod Prasad YadavJanata Dal (United)44579Mukesh Kumar YadavHindustani Awam Morcha397454834
227ImamganjJitan Ram ManjhiHindustani Awam Morcha79389Uday Narayan ChoudharyJanata Dal (United)4998129408
228BarachattiSamta DeviRashtriya Janata Dal70909Sudha DeviBgcolor=#0093DDLok Janshakti Party5178319126
229Bodh GayaKumar SarvjeetRashtriya Janata Dal82656Shyamdeo PaswanBharatiya Janata Party5218330473
230Gaya TownPrem KumarBharatiya Janata Party66891Priya RanjanIndian National Congress4410222789
231TikariAbhay Kumar SinhaJanata Dal (United)86975Anil KumarHindustani Awam Morcha5516231813
232BelaganjSurendra Prasad YadavRashtriya Janata Dal71067Sharim AliHindustani Awam Morcha4072630341
233AtriKunti DeviRashtriya Janata Dal60687Arvind Kumar SinghBgcolor=#0093DDLok Janshakti Party4687013817
234WazirganjAwadhesh Kumar SinghIndian National Congress80107Birendra SinghBharatiya Janata Party6734812759
Nawada District
235RajauliPrakash VeerRashtriya Janata Dal70549Arjun RamBharatiya Janata Party659344615
236HisuaAnil SinghBharatiya Janata Party82493Kaushal YadavJanata Dal (United)7025412239
237NawadaRajballabh PrasadRashtriya Janata Dal88235Indradeo PrasadRashtriya Lok Samta Party7150916726
238GobindpurPurnima YadavIndian National Congress43016Fula DeviBharatiya Janata Party386174399
239WarisaliganjAruna DeviBharatiya Janata Party85912Pradip KumarJanata Dal (United)6638519527
Jamui District
240SikandraSudhir KumarIndian National Congress59092Subhash Chandra BoshBgcolor=#0093DDLok Janshakti Party511027990
241JamuiVijay Prakash YadavRashtriya Janata Dal66577Ajoy PratapBharatiya Janata Party583288249
242JhajhaRabindra YadavBharatiya Janata Party65537Damodar RawatJanata Dal (United)4345122086
243ChakaiSavitri DeviRashtriya Janata Dal47064Sumit Kumar SinghIndependent3495112113

MLA statistics

-
SC38
ST2
Yadav61
Muslim24
Rajput19
Koeri19
Bhumihar17
Kurmi16
Vaishya16
Brahmin10
Kayasta3
Total243

Government formation

Janata Dal (United) leader Nitish Kumar was sworn in as chief minister for the fifth time on 20 November 2015 after the Mahagathbandhan alliance won a sweeping victory, taking 178 seats.[274] The two sons of RJD chief Lalu Prasad, Tejaswi and Tej Pratap were also sworn in as ministers. Tejaswi Yadav became Deputy Chief Minister. Apart from Nitish Kumar, 12 members each from the Janata Dal (United) and the Rashtriya Janata Dal and four from the Congress were administered the oath of office as ministers.[275]

On 26 July 2017, the Grand Alliance broke and a new coalition government between JD(U) and the BJP was formed.[276]

Voting analysis

A phase-wise analysis of the polling percentages puts the fifth and final phase on the top with a 60% turnout. The polling in this round beats the 58.5% turnout recorded in the fourth phase, as also 53.7% voting in the third phase, 55.5% in the second, and 55.8% in the first phase.

  • 2015 – 56.9%; 2010 – 52.7%; 2005 – 45.9%; 2000 – 62.6% (Assembly Polls were held twice in 2005 due to a fractured verdict.)[11]

See also

External links

Notes and References

  1. Web site: Amit Shah sets Mission 185+ for Bihar BJP in 2015 Assembly Polls. 24 January 2015. Bihar Prabha.
  2. Web site: Bihar Assembly Elections 2015: Jitan Ram Manjhi has become 'announcement minister', says Sushil Modi. February 2015. 1 February 2015. india.com.
  3. Web site: 6 Parties of Janata Parivar Announce Merger, Mulayam Singh Yadav to be Chief of New Party. NDTV.com.
  4. Web site: Jha. Srinand. 16 April 2015. Six parties unite to form Janata Parivar; Mulayam is the new party chief. dead. https://web.archive.org/web/20150415193232/http://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/janata-parivar-merger-almost-formalised-to-face-first-acid-test-in-bihar-polls/article1-1337502.aspx. 2015-04-15. hindustantimes.com.
  5. Web site: Analysis: Advantage Janata Parivar, but it's a long fight ahead. https://web.archive.org/web/20150609045545/http://www.hindustantimes.com/analysis/analysis-janata-parivar-advantage-but-long-battle-ahead/article1-1356401.aspx. dead. 9 June 2015. Hindustan Times .
  6. News: Bihar election: BJP starts campaign, wins over Manjhi to its camp . The Times of India. 12 June 2015 .
  7. News: Bihar elections 2015: BJP needs to reach out to Mahadalits. Ravish. Tiwari. The Economic Times.
  8. Web site: Rise of Janata parivar. 19 April 2015. Deccan Herald.
  9. Catch News. Voters dissatisfied with Nitish & Lalu will choose us, not BJP, says CPI(ML) chief
  10. News: Left parties to contest all 243 Bihar Assembly seats . India Today . 24 July 2015 . Indo-Asian News Service . 25 July 2015 . Patna.
  11. News: Bihar sees highest turnout in 15 years. The Times of India. 6 November 2015 .
  12. News: In Bihar, BJP fails to win, but tops vote share . The Times of India. 10 November 2015 .
  13. Web site: Bihar Assembly polls possible in Sept-Oct: CEC Nasim Zaidi. 17 May 2015. www.indiatvnews.com.
  14. Web site: Bihar Assembly polls: Haven't received official proposal regarding Janata Parivar merger, says CEC. 20 May 2015. Zee News.
  15. Web site: 17 May 2015. Bihar assembly polls likely to be held in Sept-Oct: CEC. dead. https://web.archive.org/web/20150611184539/http://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/bihar-polls-likely-in-sept-oct-low-voter-turnouts-and-bribery-are-major-challenges-cec/article1-1348115.aspx. 2015-06-11. hindustantimes.com.
  16. Web site: 36 Seats in Bihar to Have Electronic Voting Machines With Paper Trail Facility. NDTV.com.
  17. Web site: 5 August 2015. Poll-bound Bihar to get 36 EVMs with paper trail facility. indianexpress.com.
  18. Web site: News, Breaking News, Latest News, News Headlines, Live News, Today News CNN-News18. News18.
  19. Web site: 22 September 2015. General Election to the State Legislative Assembly of Bihar, 2015 – Use of EVMs with Voter Verifiable Paper Audit Trail System (VVPAT). dead. https://web.archive.org/web/20151117025925/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main1/Current/ImpIns_24092015.pdf. 2015-11-17. eci.nic.in.
  20. Web site: Chauhan. Chetan. 13 August 2015. Bihar polls from mid-October, maybe spread over 4–7 phases. dead. https://web.archive.org/web/20150814070855/http://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/bihar-assembly-elections-likely-from-mid-oct/article1-1379427.aspx. 2015-08-14. hindustantimes.com.
  21. Web site: Shandilya. Manish. 18 September 2015. बिहार चुनाव में पांच सबसे बड़ी चुनौतियां. dead. https://web.archive.org/web/20150920175716/http://www.bbc.com/hindi/india/2015/09/150917_bihar_five_challenges_to_election_sr. 2015-09-20. bbc.com. hi.
  22. Web site: Verma. Sanjeev Kumar. 4 April 2016. Apps for India, from Patna Election Commission uses city firm's software. dead. https://web.archive.org/web/20160608103200/http://www.telegraphindia.com/1160404/jsp/frontpage/story_78165.jsp#.V1f0IxFxeCg. 2016-06-08. telegraphindia.com.
  23. News: Tech-savvy Election Commission behind smooth election in Bihar . The Times of India. 7 November 2015 .
  24. Web site: Systematic Voters' Education And Electoral Participation - SVEEP. dead. https://web.archive.org/web/20140405044738/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main1/current/SVEEP_document.pdf. 2014-04-05. eci.nic.in.
  25. News: Vote and make me proud: Muzaffarpur to citizens . The Times of India. 11 October 2015 .
  26. Web site: Bihar polls record 57% in first phase. Manan. Kumar. 13 October 2015. DNA India.
  27. Web site: Contesting the Bihar Polls? Dummy Candidates Beware. Aviral. Virk. 10 September 2015. TheQuint.
  28. News: Now, photos of candidates on EVMs to weed out 'dummies' . The Times of India. 30 March 2015 .
  29. News: EC move to allay fears about errors in EVMs . The Times of India. 2 October 2015 .
  30. News: Dil Bihari: Eleven NRIs enrol as voters in state. The Times of India. 2 November 2015 .
  31. News: NRIs may cast e-votes in Bihar election. The Times of India. 15 June 2015 .
  32. Web site: Domestic migrants may get to vote during polls in native places. Hindustan Times. 20 September 2015.
  33. News: Why India's migrants are unable to vote. BBC News. 8 May 2014.
  34. News: NRIs can now vote in Indian elections without coming here. The Times of India. 13 January 2015 .
  35. Web site: Ghildiyal. Subodh. 9 October 2015. Can NaMo push Kamandal chariot into Mandal heartland?. dead. https://web.archive.org/web/20160205020843/http://epaperbeta.timesofindia.com/Article.aspx?eid=31809&articlexml=Can-NaMo-push-Kamandal-chariot-into-Mandal-heartland-09102015011028. 2016-02-05. epaperbeta.timesofindia.com.
  36. News: NRIs can vote, not migrant labourers: Centre and EC. The Times of India. 14 April 2015 .
  37. News: Migrants can't vote in native place, Election Commission tells Supreme Court. The Times of India. 13 April 2015 .
  38. News: Cross mark is now NOTA symbol. The Times of India. 20 September 2015 .
  39. Web site: Now, 'NOTA' has an electoral symbol too . dna . 18 September 2015 . 18 September 2015.
  40. Web site: Jain . Bharti . 'None of the Above' option on EVMS to carry its own symbol from Bihar polls . The Times of India . 18 September 2015 . 18 September 2015.
  41. News: Election Commission publishes final voters list for Bihar elections. The Economic Times.
  42. Web site: Election Commission publishes final voters list for Bihar Assembly polls. 31 July 2015. Firstpost.
  43. Web site: Infograph: Caste, Community and Gender, Bihar's Voters in Numbers. Sanjit Oberai. The Quint. October 2015.
  44. Web site: Bihar polls: UAVs, sniffer dogs in action for strict security. 6 October 2015. Hindustan Times.
  45. Web site: Drones will monitor Bihar polls. www.sunday-guardian.com. 20 September 2015. 20 December 2016. https://web.archive.org/web/20161220134932/http://www.sunday-guardian.com/news/drones-will-monitor-bihar-polls#.Vf56cEiD1Yw.twitter. dead.
  46. Web site: On the eve of Bihar polls, Maoist belt turns into war zone. 12 October 2015. Firstpost.
  47. News: Election Commission's neutrality: Will Zaidi fit in Seshan's shoes?. The Times of India. 3 October 2015 .
  48. News: Bihar legislative polls: Setback to Nitish, Lalu as 'grand alliance' scores 10 . The Times of India. 11 July 2015 .
  49. Web site: BJP-led NDA wins 14 out of 24 seats in Bihar Legislative Council elections. CNN-IBN.
  50. Web site: News, Breaking News, Latest News, News Headlines, Live News, Today News CNN-News18. News18.
  51. News: BJP wins seven of nine seats of Bihar Legislative Council. The Times of India. 10 July 2015 .
  52. News: In poll-bound Bihar, Patna & 20 districts get backward status . The Times of India. 20 August 2015 .
  53. Web site: Tikku. Aloke. 26 August 2015. Hindu proportion of India's population less than 80%: Census 2011. dead. https://web.archive.org/web/20150826124650/http://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/muslim-population-grows-marginally-faster-census-2011-data-show/article1-1384095.aspx. 2015-08-26. hindustantimes.com.
  54. News: Muslim share of population up 0.8%, Hindus' down 0.7% between 2001 and 2011. The Times of India. 26 August 2015 .
  55. Web site: Now, Pappu Yadav gets 'Y' category security. 29 July 2015. DNA India.
  56. News: Jitan Ram Manjhi gets Z-plus security. National Bureau. The Hindu. 21 July 2015.
  57. Web site: Nitish Kumar government hikes Dearness Allowance for employees, pensioners. timesofindia-economictimes.
  58. Web site: Singh. Santosh. 2 July 2015. Nitish kumar's poll bonanza for backward classes; 50% quota in Bihar govt contracts. indianexpress.com.
  59. Web site: Bihar: BJP, JD(U) set for a war of sops ahead of Assembly polls. 2 July 2015. Firstpost.
  60. Web site: Mishra. Dipak. 14 July 2015. Sops for upper-caste students. dead. https://web.archive.org/web/20150714111509/http://www.telegraphindia.com/1150714/jsp/frontpage/story_31501.jsp#.VaTvQhFxeCg. 2015-07-14. telegraphindia.com.
  61. News: CM playing 'football' with Nishads: BJP . The Times of India. 8 September 2015 .
  62. News: With eye on polls, grants given to 609 madrassas . The Times of India. 9 September 2015 .
  63. News: Tax rebate to Manjhi biopic raises eyebrows . The Times of India. 20 August 2015 .
  64. News: High Court nod to include two castes on extremely backward class list . The Times of India. 5 February 2017 .
  65. Web site: 13 March 2014. In Bihar caste rejig, the backward list grows longer. indianexpress.com.
  66. Web site: Foreign diplomats line up for Bihar elections. Utpal Bhaskar. livemint.com. 27 August 2015.
  67. Web site: How Bihar Elections Could Shape India's Future. HuffPost.
  68. Web site: Uttam. Kumar. 12 June 2015. Bihar polls: Jitan Ram Manjhi announces alliance with BJP. dead. https://web.archive.org/web/20150614003723/http://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/bihar-assembly-elections-jitan-ram-manjhi-announces-alliance-with-bjp-says-no-decision-yet-on-seats/article1-1357520.aspx. 2015-06-14. hindustantimes.com.
  69. Web site: News, Breaking News, Latest News, News Headlines, Live News, Today News CNN-News18. News18.
  70. News: With Paswans in Mahadalit category, no more 'dalits' left in state . The Times of India. 23 April 2018 .
  71. News: Paswans too come under category of 'Mahadalit' in Bihar. The Times of India. 14 April 2018 .
  72. News: Non-inclusion of Paswans in Maha Dalit list angers Paswan. Shoumojit. Banerjee. The Hindu. 19 November 2009. www.thehindu.com.
  73. News: Bihar CM includes Paswan caste in Mahadalit category. Business Standard India. 15 February 2015. Business Standard.
  74. News: Does Bihar know how many tribals live in the State?. Shoumojit. Banerjee. The Hindu. 16 August 2009. www.thehindu.com.
  75. News: 27 lakh SC & ST families to benefit from Food Law in Bihar. Press Trust of India. Business Standard India. 10 December 2014. Business Standard.
  76. Web site: Bihar assembly elections 2015: Experiments in the caste lab of Bihar. Tehelka. 25 September 2015. https://web.archive.org/web/20150926062446/http://www.tehelka.com/2015/09/bihar-assembly-elections-2015-experiments-in-the-caste-lab-of-bihar/. 26 September 2015. dead.
  77. News: Special package for Tharu tribals in Bihar. The Hindu. 21 January 2009. www.thehindu.com.
  78. Web site: Sinha. R.N.. 9 October 2014. Stage set for tribal all-woman battalion. dead. https://web.archive.org/web/20141130082139/http://www.telegraphindia.com/1141009/jsp/bihar/story_18907903.jsp. 2014-11-30. telegraphindia.com.
  79. Web site: Bihar state EBC list. dead. https://web.archive.org/web/20151006155709/http://gad.bih.nic.in/Circulars/CN-01-10-09-2015.pdf. 2015-10-06. gad.bih.nic.in.
  80. Web site: Election Commission in a spot: Bihar has 6.01 crore adults, but more than 6.21 crore voters. Iftikhar. Gilani. 20 May 2015. DNA India.
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  82. News: Now Lalu wants to do a Maya in Bihar. The Times of India. 28 March 2009 .
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  84. Web site: Caste determines Bihar's electoral arithmetic. AM Jigeesh. Business Line.
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