Cabinet of Joe Biden explained

Cabinet Name:	Biden Cabinet
Jurisdiction:	the United States
Flag:	Flag of the United States.svg
Flag Border:	true
Incumbent:	2021–present
Government Head Title:	President
Government Head:	Joe Biden
Government Head History:	Former U.S. Vice President (2009–2017) Former U.S. Senator from Delaware (1973–2009) Former New Castle County Councilman (1971–1973)
Deputy Government Head Title:	Vice President
Deputy Government Head:	Kamala Harris
Total Number:	25 (incl. Cabinet-level members)
Political Party:	Democratic Party
Legislature Status:	Majority government (2021–2023) Divided government (2023–present)
Opposition Party:	Republican Party
Election:	2020 United States presidential election
Legislature Term:	117th United States Congress 118th United States Congress
Advice And Consent1:	United States Senate
Budget:	2021 budget 2022 budget 2023 budget 2024 budget
Predecessor:	Cabinet of Donald Trump

Joe Biden assumed office as President of the United States on January 20, 2021. The president has the authority to nominate members of his Cabinet to the United States Senate for confirmation under the Appointments Clause of the United States Constitution.

Before confirmation and during congressional hearings, a high-level career member of an executive department heads this pre-confirmed cabinet on an acting basis. The Cabinet's creation was part of the transition of power following the 2020 United States presidential election.

In addition to the 15 heads of executive departments, there are 10 Cabinet-level officials. Biden altered his cabinet structure, elevating the chair of the Council of Economic Advisers,^[1] director of the Office of Science and Technology Policy^[2] and ambassador to the United Nations as Cabinet-level positions.^[3] Biden initially removed the director of the Central Intelligence Agency from his Cabinet, but reversed the move in July 2023.^{[4] [5]}

Confirmations had occurred at the slowest pace of any presidential cabinet in modern history that resulted from delays in facilitating an orderly transition of power and passing the organizing resolution for governing an evenly split Senate following the 2020–2021 United States Senate runoff elections in Georgia; and the second impeachment of Donald Trump.^[6] By March 2021, a pick-up in the first half of the month brought confirmations close to pace.^[7] Biden is the first president since Ronald Reagan in 1981 to have all of his original Cabinet secretary nominees confirmed to their posts.^[8]

This page documents the confirmation process for Cabinet nominees of the Biden administration. They are listed according to the United States order of precedence.

Cabinet

All permanent members of the Cabinet of the United States as heads of executive departments require the advice and consent of the United States Senate following appointment by the president before taking office. The vice presidency is exceptional in that the position requires an election to office pursuant to the United States Constitution. The president may also designate heads of other agencies and non-Senate-confirmed members of the Executive Office of the President as Cabinet-level members of the Cabinet. The Cabinet meets with the president in the Cabinet Room, a room adjacent to the Oval Office.

The following have been named as Cabinet appointees by the president of the United States.^[9]

Align:	right
Biden
President:	Joe Biden
President Start:	2021
Vice President:	Kamala Harris
Vice President Start:	2021
State:	Antony Blinken
State Start:	2021
Treasury:	Janet Yellen
Treasury Start:	2021
Defense:	Lloyd Austin
Defense Start:	2021
Justice:	Merrick Garland
Justice Start:	2021
Interior:	Deb Haaland
Interior Start:	2021
Agriculture:	Tom Vilsack
Agriculture Start:	2021
Commerce:	Gina Raimondo
Commerce Start:	2021
Labor:	Marty Walsh
Labor Start:	2021
Labor End:	2023
Labor 2:	TBD
Labor Start 2:	2023
Health And Human Services:	Xavier Becerra
Health And Human Services Start:	2021
Housing And Urban Development:	Marcia Fudge
Housing And Urban Development Start:	2021
Housing And Urban Development End:	2024
Housing And Urban Development 2:	TBD
Housing And Urban Development Start 2:	2024
Transportation:	Pete Buttigieg
Transportation Start:	2021
Energy:	Jennifer Granholm
Energy Start:	2021
Education:	Miguel Cardona
Education Start:	2021
Veterans Affairs:	Denis McDonough
Veterans Affairs Start:	2021
Homeland Security:	Alejandro Mayorkas
Homeland Security Start:	2021
Environmental Protection:	Michael Regan
Environmental Protection Start:	2021
Management And Budget:	Shalanda Young
Management And Budget Start:	2022
Dni:	Avril Haines
Dni Start:	2021
Trade:	Katherine Tai
Trade Start:	2021
Ambassador To The United Nations:	Linda Thomas-Greenfield
Ambassador To The United Nations Start:	2021
Economic Advisers:	Cecilia Rouse
Economic Advisers Start:	2021
Economic Advisers End:	2023
Economic Advisers 2:	Jared Bernstein
Economic Advisers Start 2:	2023
Administrator Of The Small Business Administration:	Isabel Guzman
Administrator Of The Small Business Administration Start:	2021
Science And Technology Policy:	Eric Lander
Science And Technology Policy Start:	2021
Science And Technology Policy End:	2022
Science And Technology Policy 2:	Arati Prabhakar
Science And Technology Policy Start 2:	2022
Chief Of Staff:	Ron Klain
Chief Of Staff Start:	2021
Chief Of Staff End:	2023
Chief Of Staff 2:	Jeff Zients
Chief Of Staff Start 2:	2023
Cia:	William Burns
Cia Start:	2021

Confirmation process

Below is a list of confirmations for Cabinet positions, Cabinet-level positions, and other significant positions that were approved through the Senate from January 2021 onwards, by a recorded roll-call vote, rather than by a voice vote.

Committee process

Office	Nominee	State	Announced	Committee	Hearing date(s)	Committee vote result	Committee vote date	Cloture vote result	Cloture vote date	Floor vote result	Floor vote date	Assumed office
Secretary of State		NY		Foreign Relations		15–3		N/A	N/A	78–22
Secretary of the Treasury		CA		Finance		Unanimous		N/A	N/A	84–15
Secretary of Defense		GA		Armed Services (House) Waiver		Unanimous		N/A	N/A	326–78
				Armed Services (Senate) Waiver		Unanimous				69–27
				Armed Services Confirmation		Unanimous				93–2
Attorney General		MD		Judiciary	February 23, 2021	15–7		70–29		70–30
Secretary of the Interior		NM		Energy and Natural Resources		11–9		54–42		51–40
Secretary of Agriculture		IA		Agriculture, Nutrition and Forestry		Unanimous		N/A	N/A	92–7
Secretary of Commerce		RI		Commerce, Science and Transportation		21–3		84–15		84–15
Secretary of Labor		MA		Health, Education, Labor and Pensions		18–4		68–30		68–29
		CA		Health, Education, Labor and Pensions		11–10		N/A	N/A	Expired	N/A	TBD
					N/A	11–10		TBD	TBD	Pending	TBD
Secretary of Health and Human Services		CA		Health, Education, Labor and Pensions		Consultative	N/A	50–49		50–49
				Finance		14–14
Secretary of Housing and Urban Development		OH		Banking, Housing and Urban Affairs		17–7		69–30		66–34
	TBD	TBD	TBD	Banking, Housing and Urban Affairs	TBD	Pending	TBD	TBD	TBD	Pending	TBD	TBD
Secretary of Transportation		IN		Commerce, Science and Transportation		21–3		N/A	N/A	86–13
Secretary of Energy		MI		Energy and Natural Resources		13–4		67–32		64–35
Secretary of Education		CT		Health, Education, Labor and Pensions		17–5		66–32		64–33
Secretary of Veterans Affairs		MD		Veterans' Affairs		Unanimous		N/A	N/A	87–7
Secretary of Homeland Security		DC		Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs		7–4		55–42		56–43
Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency		NC		Environment and Public Works		14–6		65–35		66–34
Director of the Office of Management and Budget		MA		Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs		Withdrawal announced March 2, 2021, officially submitted on March 25, 2021
				Budget
		LA		Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs		8–6		53–31		61–36
				Budget		15–6
Director of National Intelligence		NY		Intelligence		Unanimous		N/A	N/A	84–10
Trade Representative		DC		Finance		Unanimous		98–0		98–0
Ambassador to the United Nations		LA		Foreign Relations		18–4		75–20		78–20
Chair of the Council of Economic Advisers		NJ		Banking, Housing and Urban Affairs		Unanimous		94–5		95–4
		VA		Banking, Housing and Urban Affairs		12–11		50–49		50–49
Administrator of the Small Business Administration		CA		Small Business and Entrepreneurship		15–5		80–18		81–17
Director of the Office of Science and Technology Policy		MA		Commerce, Science and Transportation		22–6		N/A	N/A	Unanimous
		CA				15–13		58–38		56–40
Director of the Central Intelligence Agency		MD		Intelligence		Unanimous		N/A	N/A	Unanimous

Notes

Elected officials

President

On November 7, 2020, it was announced that Democrat Joe Biden defeated the incumbent president, Donald Trump, in the 2020 presidential election. Joe Biden received 306 electoral votes compared to Trump's 232 electoral votes, with 270 needed to win the presidency. He assumed office on January 20, 2021.

Vice President

See main article: 2020 Democratic Party vice presidential candidate selection.

Senator Kamala Harris (D-CA) was elected vice president of the United States, receiving 306 electoral votes, compared to the incumbent vice president, Mike Pence, who received 232 electoral votes. An elected vice president does not require Senate confirmation, and the vice president does not serve at the president's pleasure.

Having assumed office on January 20, 2021, she is the first female vice president of the United States as well as the first African American and Asian American to hold the second-highest office.

Nominated candidates for Cabinet positions

The following cabinet positions are listed in order of their creation (also used as the basis for the United States presidential line of succession).

Secretary of State

A nomination for Secretary of State is reviewed during hearings held by the members of the Foreign Relations Committee, then presented to the full Senate for a vote.

• Foreign Relations Committee hearing held on January 19, 2021, and approved 15–3 on January 25, 2021. Confirmed 78–22 and sworn in on January 26, 2021.^[12]

Secretary of the Treasury

A nomination for Secretary of the Treasury is reviewed during hearings held by the members of the Finance Committee, then presented to the full Senate for a vote.

• Finance Committee hearing held on January 19, 2021, and approved by unanimous consent on January 22, 2021. Confirmed 84–15 on January 25, 2021, and sworn in on January 26, 2021.^[14]

Secretary of Defense

A nomination for Secretary of Defense is reviewed during hearings held by the members of the Armed Services Committee, then presented to the full Senate for a vote. Biden's announced nominee, retired Gen. Lloyd Austin, required a congressional waiver to be granted under the National Security Act of 1947 before he was confirmed.^[16]

Waiver process:

• House Armed Services Committee closed-door briefing held and approved without objection on January 21, 2021. Floor vote passed 326–78 on January 21, 2021.
• Senate Armed Services Committee hearing held and approved by voice vote on January 21, 2021. Floor vote passed 69–27 on January 21, 2021.
• Signed into law on January 22, 2021.^[17]

Confirmation process:

• Armed Services Committee hearing held on January 19, 2021, and approved by unanimous consent on January 21, 2021. Confirmed 93–2 and sworn in on January 22, 2021.^[18]

Attorney General

A nomination for Attorney General is reviewed during hearings held by the members of the Judiciary Committee, then presented to the full Senate for a vote.

• Judiciary Committee hearings held on February 22–23, 2021, and approved 15–7 on March 1, 2021. Cloture invoked 70–29 on March 9, 2021. Confirmed 70–30 on March 10, 2021, and sworn in on March 11, 2021.^[20]

Secretary of the Interior

A nomination for Secretary of the Interior is reviewed during hearings held by the members of the Energy and Natural Resources Committee, then presented to the full Senate for a vote. Biden reportedly offered the position to Governor Michelle Lujan Grisham of New Mexico, but she turned it down.^[22]

• Energy and Natural Resources Committee hearing held on February 23, 2021, and approved 11–9 on March 4, 2021. Cloture invoked 54–42 on March 11, 2021. Confirmed 51–40 on March 15, 2021, and sworn in on March 16, 2021.^[23]

Secretary of Agriculture

A nomination for Secretary of Agriculture is reviewed during hearings held by the members of the Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry Committee, then presented to the full Senate for a vote.

• Agriculture, Nutrition and Forestry Committee hearing held and approved by unanimous consent on February 2, 2021. Confirmed 92–7 on February 23, 2021, and sworn in on February 24, 2021.^[25]

Secretary of Commerce

A nomination for Secretary of Commerce is reviewed during hearings held by the members of the Commerce, Science, and Transportation Committee, then presented to the full Senate for a vote.

• Commerce, Science and Transportation Committee hearing held on January 26, 2021, and approved 21–3 on February 3, 2021. Cloture invoked 84–15 on March 1, 2021. Confirmed 84–15 on March 2, 2021, and sworn in on March 3, 2021.^[27]

Secretary of Labor

A nomination for Secretary of Labor is reviewed during hearings held by the members of the Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions Committee, then presented to the full Senate for a vote.

Marty Walsh

• Health, Education, Labor and Pensions Committee hearing held on February 4, 2021, and approved 18–4 on February 11, 2021. Cloture invoked 68–30 on March 18, 2021, and confirmed 68–29 on March 22, 2021. Sworn in on March 23, 2021.^[29]

Julie Su

On February 7, 2023, it was reported that Walsh would be resigning in the coming days in order to become President of the National Hockey League Players' Association. Walsh will be the second member of the presidential cabinet to resign, after Eric Lander, who resigned as Director of the Office of Science and Technology Policy in early 2022. After pressure from the Congressional Asian Pacific American Caucus, Biden nominated Deputy Secretary Julie Su to the position.^[31]

• Health, Education, Labor and Pensions Committee hearing held on April 20, 2023, and approved 11–10 on April 26, 2023. Pending floor vote schedule.^[32]

Secretary of Health and Human Services

Although historically the nominee also holds meetings with the Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions Committee, officially a nomination for Secretary of Health and Human Services is reviewed during hearings held by the members of the United States Senate Committee on Finance, then presented to the full Senate for a vote.

• Health, Education, Labor and Pensions Committee consultative hearing held on February 23, 2021.^[34]
• Finance Committee hearing held on February 24, 2021, and tied 14–14 on March 3, 2021. Motion to discharge to the floor passed 51–48 on March 11, 2021. Cloture invoked 50–49 on March 17, 2021. Confirmed 50–49 on March 18, 2021, and sworn in on March 19, 2021.^[35]

Secretary of Housing and Urban Development

A nomination for Secretary of Housing and Urban Development is reviewed during hearings held by the members of the Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs Committee, then presented to the full Senate for a vote.

• Banking, Housing and Urban Affairs Committee hearing held on January 28, 2021, and approved 17–7 on February 4, 2021. Cloture invoked 69–30 on March 9, 2021. Confirmed 66–34 and sworn in on March 10, 2021.^[36]

Secretary of Transportation

A nomination for Secretary of Transportation is reviewed during hearings held by the members of the Commerce, Science, and Transportation Committee, then presented to the full Senate for a vote.

• Commerce, Science and Transportation Committee hearing held on January 21, 2021, and approved 21–3 on January 27, 2021. Confirmed 86–13 on February 2, 2021, and sworn in on February 3, 2021.^[38]

Secretary of Energy

The nomination of a secretary-designate is reviewed during hearings held by the members of the Energy and Natural Resources Committee, then presented to the full Senate for a vote.

• Energy and Natural Resources Committee hearing held on January 27, 2021, and approved 13–4 on February 3, 2021. Cloture invoked 67–32 on February 24, 2021. Confirmed 64–35 and sworn in on February 25, 2021.^[41]

Secretary of Education

A nomination for Secretary of Education is reviewed during hearings held by the members of the Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions Committee, then presented to the full Senate for a vote.

• Health, Education, Labor and Pensions Committee hearing held on February 3, 2021, and approved 17–5 on February 11, 2021. Cloture invoked 66–32 on February 25, 2021. Confirmed 64–33 on March 1, 2021, and sworn in on March 2, 2021.^[43]

Secretary of Veterans Affairs

A nomination for Secretary of Veterans Affairs is reviewed during hearings held by the members of the Veterans' Affairs Committee, then presented to the full Senate for a vote.

• Veterans' Affairs Committee hearing held on January 27, 2021, and approved by unanimous consent on February 2, 2021. Confirmed 87–7 on February 8, 2021, and sworn in on February 9, 2021.^[45]

Secretary of Homeland Security

A nomination for Secretary of Homeland Security is reviewed during hearings held by the members of the Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs Committee, then presented to the full Senate for a vote.

• Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs Committee hearing held on January 19, 2021, and approved 7–4 on January 26, 2021. Cloture invoked 55–42 on January 28, 2021. Confirmed 56–43 and sworn in on February 2, 2021.^[47]

Nominated candidates for Cabinet-level positions

Cabinet-level officials have positions that are considered to be of Cabinet level, but which are not heads of the executive departments. Which exact positions that are considered to be cabinet-level varies with each president. Biden has announced he will elevate three positions to Cabinet-level, while removing the director of the Central Intelligence Agency.^[48]

Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency

• Environment and Public Works Committee hearing held on February 3, 2021, and approved 14–6 on February 9, 2021. Cloture invoked 65–35 and confirmed 66–34 on March 10, 2021. Sworn in on March 11, 2021.^[49]

Director of the Office of Management and Budget

Neera Tanden

• Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs Committee hearing held on February 9, 2021. Committee vote cancelled on February 24, 2021.^[51]
• Budget Committee hearing held on February 10, 2021. Committee vote cancelled on February 24, 2021.
• Nomination withdrawal announced on March 2, 2021, and officially submitted to the Senate on March 25, 2021.^[52]

Shalanda Young

• Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs Committee hearing held on February 1, 2022, and approved 8–6 on February 9, 2022.
• Budget Committee hearing held on February 1, 2022, and approved 15–6 on February 9, 2022.
• Cloture invoked 53–31 on March 14, 2022, and confirmed 61–36 on March 15, 2022. Sworn in on March 17, 2022.^[53]

Director of National Intelligence

• Intelligence Committee hearing held on January 19, 2021, and approved by unanimous consent on January 20, 2021. Confirmed 84–10 on January 20, 2021, and sworn in on January 21, 2021.^[54]

Trade Representative

The U.S. trade representative has been a Cabinet-level member since 1974, the beginning of Gerald Ford's presidency.

• Finance Committee hearing held on February 25, 2021, and approved by unanimous consent on March 3, 2021. Cloture invoked 98–0 on March 16, 2021. Confirmed 98–0 on March 17, 2021, and sworn in on March 18, 2021.^[55]

Ambassador to the United Nations

The UN ambassador was previously in the Cabinet from 1953 to 1989, 1993 to 2001, and 2009 to 2018.

• Foreign Relations Committee hearing held on January 27, 2021, and approved 18–4 on February 4, 2021. Cloture invoked 75–20 on February 22, 2021. Confirmed 78–20 on February 23, 2021, and assumed office after presenting credentials on February 25, 2021.^[56]

Chair of the Council of Economic Advisers

This position was previously in the Cabinet from 2009 to 2017.

Cecilia Rouse

• Banking, Housing and Urban Affairs Committee hearing held on January 28, 2021, and approved by unanimous consent on February 4, 2021. Cloture invoked 94–5 and confirmed 95–4 on March 2, 2021. Sworn in on March 12, 2021.^[58]

Jared Bernstein

• Banking, Housing and Urban Affairs Committee hearing held on April 18, 2023, and approved 12–11 on May 11, 2023. Cloture invoked 50–49 and confirmed 50–49 on June 13, 2023. Sworn in on July 10, 2023.^[59]

Administrator of the Small Business Administration

• Small Business and Entrepreneurship Committee hearing held on February 3, 2021, and approved 15–5 on February 24, 2021. Cloture invoked 80–18 and confirmed 81–17 on March 16, 2021. Sworn in on March 17, 2021.^[62]

Director of the Office of Science and Technology Policy and Science Advisor to the President

Biden elevated this position to the Cabinet for the first time, emphasizing the importance of science in the administration.

His staff role as Science Advisor to the President does not require Senate confirmation, and he began the role on January 25, 2021.^[65]

Eric Lander

• Commerce, Science and Transportation Committee hearing held on April 29, 2021, and approved 22–6 on May 20, 2021. Confirmed by voice vote on May 28, 2021. Sworn in on June 2, 2021.^[66]
• Announced resignation on February 7, 2022, effective February 18, 2022.^[67]

Arati Prabhakar

• Commerce, Science and Transportation Committee hearing held on July 20, 2022, and approved 15–13 on July 27, 2022. Cloture invoked 58–38 on September 21, 2022. Confirmed 56–40 on September 22, 2022, and sworn in on October 3, 2022.^[70]

Director of the Central Intelligence Agency

This position was previously in the Cabinet from 2017 to 2021.

• Nominated as a non-Cabinet level position. Intelligence Committee hearing held on February 24, 2021, and approved by unanimous consent on March 2, 2021. Confirmed by voice vote on March 18, 2021. Sworn in on March 19, 2021.^[71]
• Elevated to the Cabinet on July 21, 2023.

White House Chief of Staff

The White House chief of staff has traditionally been the highest-ranking staff employee of the White House. The responsibilities of the chief of staff are both managerial and advisory over the president's official business. The chief of staff is appointed by and serves at the pleasure of the president; it does not require Senate confirmation. The first Cabinet or Cabinet-level position appointee announced by Biden was White House chief of staff Ron Klain.^[73] He stepped down in February 2023, and he was succeeded by Jeff Zients.^{[74] [75] [76]}

White House Chief of Staff
Portrait	Name	Date of birth	Years	Background	Reference
	Ron Klain	(age)	nowrap	January 20, 2021 – February 7, 2023	White House Ebola Response Coordinator (2014–2015) Chief of Staff to Vice President Joe Biden (2009–2011) Chief of Staff to Vice President Al Gore (1995–1999)
	Jeff Zients	(age)	nowrap	February 8, 2023 - Present	Counselor to President Joe Biden (2021–2022) White House Coronavirus Response Coordinator (2021–2022) Director of the National Economic Council (2014–2017) Chief Performance Officer of the United States (2009–2013)

See also

• Presidential transition of Joe Biden
• Inauguration of Joe Biden
• List of political appointments by Joe Biden
• List of United States presidential firsts § Joe Biden

External links

• Axios: Biden Cabinet tracker
• Chicago Tribune: Biden Cabinet picks: Running list of the President's nominees
• New York magazine Intelligencer: All of President Joe Biden's Cabinet nominees

Notes and References

1. News: Johnson . Martin . 1 December 2020 . Biden elevates Economic Advisers chair to Cabinet . The Hill . en.
2. News: Zimmer . Carl . Biden to Elevate Science Adviser to His Cabinet . The New York Times . 16 January 2021.
3. News: Falk . Pamela . 20 November 2020 . Will Biden tap a U.N. ambassador to "reclaim America's leading position"? . CBS News.
4. News: Lee . Matthew . January 11, 2021 . Biden chooses veteran diplomat Burns as CIA director . Associated Press .
5. News: Merchant . Normaan . 21 July 2023 . Biden names CIA Director William Burns to his Cabinet . 21 July 2023 . The Washington Post.
6. News: Jaffe . Alexandra . March 2, 2021 . Biden's Cabinet half-empty after slow start in confirmations . . March 2, 2021.
7. News: Levine . Marianne . Senate revs its confirmation engine to fill Biden's Cabinet . en . Politico . 2021-03-19.
8. News: Liptak . Kevin . Biden first president in decades to have first-pick Cabinet secretaries confirmed . March 24, 2021 . CNN . March 23, 2021.
9. http://whitehouse.gov/administration/cabinet Biden Cabinet – White House.gov
10. Web site: Joe Biden: The President-Elect. 2020-12-19. President-Elect Joe Biden. en-US.
11. Web site: Kamala Harris: The Vice President-Elect. 2020-12-19. President-Elect Joe Biden. en-US.
12. https://www.congress.gov/nomination/117th-congress/78/3?s=1&r=35 PN78-3 – Antony John Blinken – Department of State
13. Web site: The Cabinet. November 23, 2020. President-Elect Joe Biden. en-US. March 19, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210319192731/https://www.whitehouse.gov/administration/. dead.
14. https://www.congress.gov/nomination/117th-congress/78/24?s=1&r=14 PN78-24 – Janet Louise Yellen – Department of the Treasury
15. Web site: Franck. Thomas. November 30, 2020. Biden announces economic team, confirms Janet Yellen as Treasury nominee. November 30, 2020. CNBC. en.
16. News: Foran . Clare . Senate confirms Lloyd Austin to be first Black defense secretary . January 22, 2021 . CNN . January 22, 2021.
17. https://www.congress.gov/bill/117th-congress/house-bill/335/all-actions H.R.335 – To provide for an exception to a limitation against appointment of persons as Secretary of Defense within seven years of relief from active duty as a regular commissioned officer of the Armed Forces.
18. https://www.congress.gov/nomination/117th-congress/78/1?s=1&r=37 PN78-1 – Lloyd James Austin – Department of Defense
19. News: Seligman. Lara. Pager. Tyler. O'Brien. Connor. Bertrand. Natasha. December 7, 2020. Biden picks retired general Lloyd Austin to run Pentagon. POLITICO. December 8, 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20201208001749/https://www.politico.com/news/2020/12/07/lloyd-austin-biden-secretary-defense-frontrunner-contender-443479. December 8, 2020.
20. https://www.congress.gov/nomination/117th-congress/78/7?s=1&r=31 PN78-7 – Merrick Brian Garland – Department of Justice
21. Web site: 2021-01-06. Biden to name Judge Merrick Garland as attorney general. 2021-01-07. AP NEWS.
22. Web site: Alonso-zaldivar. Ricardo. Sources: Lujan Grisham offered, turned down Interior post. December 9, 2020. Albuquerque Journal. December 4, 2020 . en-US.
23. https://www.congress.gov/nomination/117th-congress/78/11?s=1&r=27 PN78-11 – Debra Anne Haaland – Department of the Interior
24. News: Eilperin. Juliet. Grandoni. Dino. Biden picks Rep. Deb Haaland (D-N.M.) to be first Native American interior secretary. en-US. Washington Post. December 17, 2020. 0190-8286.
25. https://www.congress.gov/nomination/117th-congress/78/22?s=1&r=16 PN78-22 – Thomas J. Vilsack – Department of Agriculture
26. Web site: Nichols . Hans . Biden to pick Vilsack for agriculture secretary, Fudge for HUD . Axios . December 8, 2020 . December 8, 2020.
27. https://www.congress.gov/nomination/117th-congress/78/15?s=1&r=23 PN78-15 – Gina Marie Raimondo – Department of Commerce
28. Web site: Biden to nominate Rhode Island Governor Gina Raimondo to be commerce secretary. 2021-01-07. www.cbsnews.com. January 7, 2021 . en-US.
29. https://www.congress.gov/nomination/117th-congress/78/23?s=1&r=15 PN78-23 – Martin Joseph Walsh – Department of Labor
30. Web site: Conradis. Brandon. 2021-01-07. Biden taps Boston Mayor Marty Walsh for Labor secretary: report. 2021-01-07. TheHill. en.
31. Web site: CAPAC Endorses Julie Su as the Nation's Next Secretary of Labor Congressional Asian Pacific American Caucus (CAPAC) . 2023-03-04 . capac-chu.house.gov.
32. https://www.congress.gov/nomination/118th-congress/388 PN388 — Julie A. Su — Department of Labor
33. News: Scheiber . Noam . 2023-02-28 . Biden Nominates Julie Su as U.S. Labor Secretary . en-US . The New York Times . 2023-03-04 . 0362-4331.
34. Web site: Senate committee to hold confirmation hearing for Biden's HHS nominee next week . . February 16, 2021 . February 17, 2021. Cole, Devan.
35. https://www.congress.gov/nomination/117th-congress/78/2?s=1&r=36 PN78-2 – Xavier Becerra – Department of Health and Human Services
36. https://www.congress.gov/nomination/117th-congress/78/6?s=1&r=32 PN78-6 – Marcia Louise Fudge – Department of Housing and Urban Development
37. Web site: Biden to tap Marcia Fudge to lead housing agency. December 8, 2020. POLITICO. December 8, 2020 . en.
38. https://www.congress.gov/nomination/117th-congress/78/4?s=1&r=34 PN78-4 – Peter Paul Montgomery Buttigieg – Department of Transportation
39. Web site: Easley. Jonathan. May 5, 2019. Documents provide glimpse into Buttigieg's military service. December 15, 2020. TheHill. en.
40. Web site: Biden points to 'precedent-busting appointments' as he rolls out Buttigieg pick. December 16, 2020. Politico. en. December 16, 2020. Nick Niedzwiadek.
41. https://www.congress.gov/nomination/117th-congress/78/8?s=1&r=30 PN78-8 – Jennifer Mulhern Granholm – Department of Energy
42. Web site: Biden to tap former Michigan Gov. Granholm to lead Energy Department. December 15, 2020. POLITICO. December 15, 2020 . en.
43. https://www.congress.gov/nomination/117th-congress/78/5?s=1&r=33 PN78-5 – Miguel A. Cardona – Department of Education
44. News: Meckler . Laura . Strauss . Valerie . Viser . Matt . Biden picks Miguel Cardona, Connecticut schools chief, as education secretary . December 23, 2020 . . December 22, 2020.
45. https://www.congress.gov/nomination/117th-congress/78/14?s=1&r=24 PN78-14 – Denis Richard McDonough – Department of Veterans Affairs
46. Web site: Denis McDonough, Secretary of Veterans Affairs. 2020-12-19. President-Elect Joe Biden. en-US.
47. https://www.congress.gov/nomination/117th-congress/78/13?s=1&r=25 PN78-13 – Alejandro Nicholas Mayorkas – Department of Homeland Security
48. Web site: Biden taps longtime diplomat William Burns for CIA director. 2021-01-17. www.cbsnews.com. January 11, 2021 . en-US.
49. https://www.congress.gov/nomination/117th-congress/78/16?s=1&r=22 PN78-16 – Michael Stanley Regan – Environmental Protection Agency
50. News: Dennis. Brady. Mufson. Steven. Eilperin. Juliet. Biden picks top North Carolina environmental official to run EPA. en-US. Washington Post. December 17, 2020. 0190-8286.
51. https://www.congress.gov/nomination/117th-congress/78/19?s=1&r=19 PN78-19 – Neera Tanden – Executive Office of the President
52. Web site: Mattingly. Phil. Sullivan. Kate. White House pulls Tanden nomination. live. 2021-03-03. CNN. March 2, 2021 . https://web.archive.org/web/20210303010219/https://www.cnn.com/2021/03/02/politics/neera-tanden-nomination-pulled/index.html . March 3, 2021 .
53. https://www.congress.gov/nomination/117th-congress/1437 PN1437 – Shalanda Young – Executive Office of the President
54. https://www.congress.gov/nomination/117th-congress/78/10?s=1&r=28 PN78-10 – Avril Danica Haines – Office of the Director of National Intelligence
55. https://www.congress.gov/nomination/117th-congress/78/18?s=1&r=20 PN78-18 – Katherine C. Tai – Executive Office of the President
56. https://www.congress.gov/nomination/117th-congress/78/20?s=1&r=18 PN78-20 – Linda Thomas-Greenfield – Department of State
57. News: Jakes . Lara . Crowley . Michael . Sanger . David E. . Biden Chooses Antony Blinken, Defender of Global Alliances, as Secretary of State . 6 January 2021 . The New York Times . 23 November 2020.
58. https://www.congress.gov/nomination/117th-congress/78/17?s=1&r=21 PN78-17 – Cecilia Elena Rouse – Executive Office of the President
59. https://www.congress.gov/nomination/118th-congress/383 PN383 — Jared Bernstein — Executive Office of the President
60. Web site: Biden announces reshaped economic team, naming 2 new top advisers. February 14, 2023 . CBS News. February 14, 2023.
61. Web site: Biden appoints Lael Brainard, Jared Bernstein to key economic jobs. Axios. February 14, 2023.
62. https://www.congress.gov/nomination/117th-congress/78/9?s=1&r=29 PN78-9 – Isabella Casillas Guzman – Small Business Administration
63. News: Collins. Andrew Restuccia and Eliza. 2021-01-08. Biden Taps Boston Mayor, Rhode Island Governor for Cabinet Positions. en-US. Wall Street Journal. 2021-01-08. 0099-9660.
64. Web site: Isabel Guzman, Small Business Administrator. 2021-01-08. President-Elect Joe Biden. en-US.
65. Web site: Eric Lander Is Brilliant, Connected, and Controversial. Now Joe Biden Wants Him to 'Reinvigorate' American Science . Lev . Facher . February 2, 2021 . February 1, 2021 . Stat.
66. https://www.congress.gov/nomination/117th-congress/78/12?s=1&r=26 PN78-12 – Eric S. Lander – Executive Office of the President
67. Web site: Sink . Justin . Embattled Biden Science Adviser Eric Lander Resigns after Outcry . live . February 7, 2022 . Bloomberg News. https://web.archive.org/web/20220208050233/https://www.msn.com/en-us/news/politics/embattled-biden-science-adviser-eric-lander-resigns-after-outcry/ar-AATAffu?ocid=uxbndlbing . February 8, 2022 .
68. News: Kaplan. Sarah. Biden will elevate White House science office to cabinet-level. en-US. Washington Post. 2021-01-15. 0190-8286.
69. Web site: 2021-01-15. President-elect Biden Announces Key Members of his White House Science Team. 2021-01-15. President-Elect Joe Biden. en-US.
70. https://www.congress.gov/nomination/117th-congress/2267 PN2267 — Arati Prabhakar — Executive Office of the President
71. https://www.congress.gov/nomination/117th-congress/82 PN82 — William Joseph Burns — Central Intelligence Agency
72. Web site: 2023-07-21 . Statement from President Joe Biden on Director Bill Burns . 2023-07-22 . The White House . en-US.
73. News: Biden's choice of Ron Klain to run White House signals rejection of Trump-era chaos . Schrer . Michael . . November 11, 2020 . November 11, 2020 . https://web.archive.org/web/20201112011339/https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/klain-biden-white-house/2020/11/11/3c64069a-21d3-11eb-a688-5298ad5d580a_story.html . November 12, 2020 . dead .
74. News: Jeff Zients to be Biden's next chief of staff . en-US . Washington Post . 2023-01-22 . January 22, 2023. Tyler Pager. Yasmeen Abutaleb.
75. Web site: Jeff Zients to replace Ron Klain as White House chief of staff. CNN. January 22, 2023. Phil Mattingly. Kaitlan Collins. January 22, 2023.
76. Web site: Biden to tap former COVID czar Jeff Zients as new chief of staff. Fox News. January 22, 2023. Anders Hagstrom. Brooke Singman. Greg Wehner. January 22, 2023.