Simon Ekpa Explained

Birth Date:21 March 1985
Birth Place:Ohaukwu, Ebonyi State, Nigeria(Formerly part of Biafra)
Citizenship:Finnish
Years Active:2012–present[1]
Organization:
  • Biafra Republic Government in Exile (BRGIE)
  • Biafra Defence Forces (BDF)
  • Biafra Liberation Army (BLA)
Known For:Biafra restoration
Party:National Coalition Party
Movement:Independence of Biafra
Opponents:The Nigerian state
Awards:Ambassador for Peace
Signature:The Signature of Simon Ekpa (Prime Minister of the Biafra Republic).svg

Ekpa Simon Njoku[2] (born 21 March 1985), generally known as Simon Ekpa, is a Finnish politician and Biafran political activist.[3] [4] He has been the leader ("prime minister") of the Biafra Republic Government in Exile and its military wings, the Biafra Defense Forces and the Biafra Liberation Army, since April 2023.[5] [6] [7] [8]

Early life, education and career

Ekpa was born on 21 March 1985, in Ohaukwu, Ebonyi State, in the southeastern Nigeria.[9] [10] Ebonyi State had previously been part Biafra, a partially recognized state that declared independence from Nigeria and existed from 1967 until 1970.[11]

He won the 100 meters silver medal for Nigeria at the 2003 African Junior Athletics Championships in Cameroon. He left athletics because of a knee problem. In September 2021, Ekpa denounced Nigeria and vowed to return the medal he won for the country at the 2003 African Junior Athletics Championships,[12] [13] and renounced his Nigerian citizenship the following year. In July 2024, he said he had returned the medals to the Nigerian Ministry of Foreign Affairs.[14]

Ekpa was the Chairman of the Igbo Union Finland from 2015 until 2019.[15] [16] He has also served as the Chairman of the Playground Board, in the City Lahti, a position he held between 2017 until 2021.[17]

Since 2007, he has lived with his family in Lahti, Finland. He learned Finnish, became a citizen and did military service[18] in the Finnish military at the Häme Regiment in Hennala in 2013 as well as a reservist in the Finnish Army. Ekpa joined the Finnish politics in 2012 and has been active since then.[17] He ran as a candidate in the 2017 Finnish municipal elections and was also a candidate in the 2022 Finnish county elections under the National Coalition Party of Finland.[19] [20] [21], he is a city councillor and also serves as a public transport board member for the Lahti region.[22] Yle has referred to him as a businessman.[23]

Legal work

Since 2009, Ekpa has worked in the legal field, including as a legal advisor. However, Ekpa is not an attorney in Finland and does not represent his own clients in court.[24] Ekpa became familiar with the legal field while on internship at his ex-wife's law office.[25]

Ekpa has stated that he is an expert, a legal advisor, and has a Master of Law (LLM) degree from the Welsh Aberystwyth University, but upon inquiry by Yle, the university didn't give any information about the degree.[24] Ekpa has no apparent lower or higher legal degree.[24]

Activism and separatism

See also: Insurgency in Southeastern Nigeria. Ekpa became active in the "Biafra independence movement" in 2019. He was noticed by the Nigerian media after he posted a video claiming that Nigerian soldiers had been killed by Boko Haram. According to a Nigerian rights attorney, the purpose was to "disillusion Nigerians especially soldiers to resign from the Army".[26]

In July 2021, Ekpa was announced the lead broadcaster for Radio Biafra, associated with the separatist organisation Indigenous People of Biafra (IPOB) after the arrest of its leader, Nnamdi Kanu.[27] [28] However, Ekpa was not allowed to broadcast[29] [30] for violation of the rules of the organisation.[31] In 2022, IPOB accused Ekpa of illegal activities and stated that IPOB was a peaceful organization.[32] In July 2023, the Daily Post said that Ekpa led a faction of IPOB, as did Premium Times in May 2024.[33] [34] According to Ekpa, IPOB was dissolved in a vote, renamed "Autopilot", and he became its spokesman. In August 2022, Ekpa declared "full activation" of the Biafran Government in Exile. He said: "we also wish to officially announce an alliance and activation of Biafra Government In Exile (BGIE) with the IPOB-Autopilot."[35] In April 2023, he announced that he had been appointed as the prime minister of the Biafra Republic Government in Exile (BRGIE).[36] Nigerian news media have variously referred to him as "prime minister" or "self-acclaimed prime minister" of the government-in-exile.[37] [38] [39] [40] Ekpa stated in 2023 that "Biafra Republic Government In-Exile is registered, approved and legal. Agent of Nigeria, take note!"[41] As of 2024, it has a main office in Maryland, US. IPOB called the BRGIE "double agents sponsored by the Nigerian government to ridicule the IPOB movement".[42] Suomen Kuvalehti said in 2024 that "Be it as it may, Ekpa is now at least the prime minister by some."

Zubairu Dada, Nigerian minister, said the same year that "When [Ekpa] gives instructions, destruction follows. They cause killing, maiming, fires, whatever."[43] Nigerian general Christopher Gwabin Musa said "In the South-east, Simon Ekpa has become a menace to this country. The country must act on it diplomatically. [Ekpa] is having a freeway because [Finland] are encouraging him to do what he is doing. His utterances and actions are affecting what is happening in Nigeria." Ekpa said in 2024 that he is in daily contact with Kanu.[44] According to a report from Yle, Ekpa's activism started to gather mainstream attention in February 2023. The local Kokoomus party in Lahti stated that it had started an internal investigation of these claims. A representative of the association Igbo Union Finland said: "He should stop inciting hatred and provoking. Ekpa does not represent the Igbo people of Finland". The Nigerian government has also demanded Finland stop Ekpa's activities.[45] Yle interviews with residents of Enugu suggested extensive fear of Ekpa and compliance with his "sit at home" orders which involved the 2023 Nigerian elections.[46] In late February 2023 Yle reported Ekpa is being suspected of having raised funds in an illegal manner by the Finnish National Bureau of Investigation.[47] As of early 2023, his speeches on Twitter had around 800,000 views.

In December 2022, Ekpa declared a five-day sit at home civil disobedience campaign[48] in the southeast and parts of southern Nigeria[49] from 9 to 14 December 2022.[50] On 14 June 2023, Ekpa announced a week-long sit at home campaign from 3 to 10 July 2023,[51] which according to The Whistler recorded 70% compliance.[52] The sit-at-homes have been enforced by gunmen.[53] Ekpa has continued Kanu's sit-at-home orders, to protest the imprisonment of Kanu. In July 2023, he threatened that oil exploitations in the Biafra region would be stopped if Kanu wasn't to be released. However, Ekpa exonerated Kanu from the activities of the Biafra agitations. He said Kanu wasn't responsible for the actions taken to free him.[54] [55] The head of ACLED's Nigerian branch criticizes 'Ekpa's faction' for attacking those not following this curfew. Ekpa denies violence against civilians, by stating "After the creation of the defensive forces, government forces no longer encroach on our area, because we have manpower all over, that protect".[56]

In 2023, he declared that the 2023 Nigerian general election would not be held in the Biafra region that year.[57] The Nigerian senate asked Finland to extradite Ekpa in July 2023. In May 2024, BRGIE declared a three-day sit at home from 29 to 31 May. Ekpa said it was "necessary to enable Biafrans vote for the Liberation of Biafra". IPOB disagreed on the date, having earlier declared their own sit at home on May 30.[58] [59] The conflicting messages caused confusion and fear of violence in the region. The police and military said that people should go about their lawful business.[60]

In October 2023, Ekpa and cabinet members of BRGIE hosted a three-day convention in Helsinki, Finland, where a possible Biafran referendum was discussed with participants and attendants from Biafra.[61] [62] [63] In early February 2024, BRGIE announced the commencement of the referendum and revealed the structure of the proposed independent state of Biafra.[64]

BRGIE has stated that it intends to issue a "declaration of Biafra independent state" in late 2024,[65] and that this declaration will bring peace and stability to the West African region.[66] [67] Ekpa said mid-2024 that over 30 million votes had been recorded in an online voting "self-referendum" regarding the sovereignty of Biafra and as of July 2024, he said "over 49 million Biafrans have voted in the ongoing self-referendum".[68] [69] In June 2024, the Organisation of Emerging African States (OEAS), a group that counsels African separatists, said that "the BRGIE referendum further consolidated the self-determination pursuit of the people of Biafra amid decades of alleged marginalization by the Nigerian government."[70] [71] According to Ekpa, only BRGIE has the legitimate right to call for "Biafra's declaration".[72] In July 2024, Ekpa said the United States was to issue favorable statements for the Biafra declaration in the coming months.[73]

At the three-day convention he also announced the formation of the Biafra Liberation Army (BLA), a militant group fighting for secession from Nigeria.[74] He had previously claimed to control the Eastern Security Network, IPOB's armed wing, and said this group was renamed BLA. BLA was suspected to have killed a police in Imo State in November 2023.[75] [76] According to Ekpa, it has a hundred thousand soldiers. IPOB disassociated itself from the BLA.[77]

Yle had in February 2023 reported that estimates of the number of gunmen loyal to Ekpa vary greatly, from hundreds to tens of thousands. In late 2023, Ekpa and Ambazonian activist Ayaba Cho Lucas announced a military pact between their respective organizations against the Cameroonian and Nigerian governments.[78] In June 2024, Ekpa signed a one-year agreement to be represented by the American lobbying firm Moran Global Strategies.[79]

In March 2024, the Nigerian Defence Headquarters (DHQ) declared Ekpa and more than 90 others "wanted" for "terrorism, kidnapping and other crimes."[80] [81] [82] [83] Ekpa responded that he had nothing to do with Nigeria, and declared other people "wanted" in his turn.[84] In May 2024, the African Court on Human and Peoples' Rights in Banjul, the judicial arm of the African Union (AU), acknowledged a petition by the BRGIE regarding Kanu and a declaration of the restoration of independent state of Biafra.[85]

In May 2024, Ekpa urged the Nigerian government to engage the Finnish government to mediate in the conflict between BLA and the Nigerian army.[86] In June 2024, a former director of the Nigerian State Security Service called for the extradition of Ekpa to Nigeria. He urged the Nigerian government to initiate negotiations with Finnish authorities to repatriate Ekpa.[87] Nigeria's Chief of Defence staff Musa also reiterated call for the arrest and prosecution of Ekpa. He accused the Finnish government and the European union of shielding Ekpa, thereby preventing his arrest.[88] [89] [90]

In July 2024, while reacting to a tweet by Elon Musk urging Christians to summon the courage to stand for what is “fair and right” to save the religion from perishing, Ekpa appealed to him to support the Biafra liberation. He said, "If the Biafra people were liberated, their bravery would ensure that Christianity does not perish in Africa."[91]

On 30 July 2024, the Biafra Defence Forces killed four Nigerian police operatives. Ekpa classified them as "terrorists" and declared that they should be withdrawn from the Biafran region.[92] [93]

Award

On 25 May 2023, the Universal Peace Federation awarded Ekpa Ambassador for Peace at the African Day Celebration in Helsinki, Finland.[94]

See also

References

Citations

External links

Notes and References

  1. Web site: Simon Ekpa: Journey from track athlete to Prime Minister of Biafra Republic Government in Exile. Daily Post. Staff. March 12, 2024. Daily Post Nigeria.
  2. Web site: Ekpa . Simon . Simon Ekpa . X (formerly Twitter) . 7 June 2024 . I am Ekpa Simon Njoku.
  3. Web site: 2023-02-17 . Nigeria asks Finland to clamp down on Lahti resident and Biafra separatist leader Simon Ekpa . 2023-12-31 . . en.
  4. Web site: Ariemu . Ogaga . 2024-06-22 . Biafra: US Justice Department recognises BRGIE - Ekpa . 2024-06-22 . Daily Post Nigeria . en-US.
  5. Web site: Ariemu . Ogaga . 2024-05-29 . Stop using force, threats, engage Finland to mediate – BRGIE to Nigerian govt . 2024-07-31 . Daily Post Nigeria . en-US.
  6. Web site: Amin_3 . 2024-04-23 . Stay off our lands- Biafra Liberation Army warns Bandits, Terrorists - Peoples Daily Newspaper . 2024-05-26 . en-US.
  7. Web site: Staff . Daily Post . 2024-03-12 . Simon Ekpa's journey from track athlete to Prime Minister of Biafra Republic Government in Exile . 2024-05-05 . Daily Post Nigeria . en-US.
  8. Web site: Biafran Agitator, Simon Ekpa Takes Responsibility For Killing Of Four Nigerian Policemen In Owerri Sahara Reporters . 2024-07-31 . saharareporters.com.
  9. Web site: 8 December 2021 . CLOSE-UP: Simon Ekpa, Nnamdi Kanu's Finland-based disciple and king of fake news . TheCable . 22 January 2023 . TheCable.
  10. Web site: Sobowale . Rasheed . 16 April 2022 . Violence in South East: Who's Simon Ekpa? . 22 January 2023 . Vanguard.
  11. Book: Omaka . Arua Oko . The Biafran Humanitarian Crisis, 1967–1970: International Human Rights and Joint Church Aid . 30 September 2016 . Rowman & Littlefield . 978-1-61147-974-4 . 64 . en.
  12. Web site: Nnamdi Kanu's Finland-based Disciple, Ekpa Renounces Nigerian Citizenship, Vows To Return Medal Won As Ex-Athelete Sahara Reporters . 2024-06-13 . saharareporters.com.
  13. Web site: 12 June 2024 . CDS: Simon Ekpa must be prosecuted — Finnish government giving him support [Paragraph 7 says: "In September 2021,..." |url=https://www.thecable.ng/cds-simon-ekpa-must-be-arrested-and-prosecuted-finnish-government-giving-him-support/ |website=The Cables].
  14. Web site: Ariemu . Ogaga . 2024-07-15 . Biafra: Simon Ekpa announces return of athletic medals to Nigerian Govt . 2024-07-15 . Daily Post Nigeria . en-US.
  15. Web site: Staff . Daily Post . 2024-08-12 . I've served Ndigbo better than anyone - Simon Ekpa boasts . 2024-08-12 . Daily Post Nigeria . en-US.
  16. Web site: Soyooye . Adesina . 2021-07-11 . IPOB: Amidst Controversy, Kanu's Stand-in, Ekpa, Talks Tough . 2024-06-16 . The Source . en-US.
  17. Web site: Staff . Daily Post . 2024-03-12 . Simon Ekpa: Journey from track athlete to Prime Minister of Biafra Republic Government in Exile . 2024-06-16 . Daily Post Nigeria . en-US.
  18. News: Nigeria asks Finland to clamp down on Lahti resident and Biafra separatist leader Simon Ekpa . 29 December 2023 . . 17 February 2023 . en.
  19. Web site: 2017-03-14 . Miksi valitsit kokoomuksen? Viisi erilaista ehdokasta kertoo – Vicky Rosti: "Teen työtäni yrittäjäpohjalta" . 2024-06-16 . Yle Uutiset . fi.
  20. Web site: Jalkaranta - Lahti - Kuntavaalit 2017 - Vaalien tulospalvelu Yle . 2024-06-16 . Vaalien tulospalvelu . fi.
  21. Web site: Lahtelainen kunnallispoliitikko johtaa aseellista kapinaa Nigeriassa – määrännyt miljoonat ihmiset boikotoimaan vaaleja. Jani. Parkkari. Yle. 16 February 2023. 17 February 2023. fi. A municipal politician from Lahti leads an armed rebellion in Nigeria - ordering millions of people to boycott the elections [Google translate].
  22. Web site: 2023-02-24 . Lahtelaisen kapinajohtajan Simon Ekpan lakifirma ajautui talousvaikeuksiin – todettiin ulosotossa varattomaksi . 2024-06-16 . Yle Uutiset . fi.
  23. Web site: 2023-02-19 . Häme NCP weighs separatist leader Simon Ekpa's activities in Nigeria . 2024-06-16 . News . en.
  24. News: Hämäläinen . Veli-Pekka . Rautio . Marjatta . 24 February 2023 . Lahtelaisen kapinajohtajan Simon Ekpan lakifirma ajautui talousvaikeuksiin – todettiin ulosotossa varattomaksi . Lahti-based rebellion leader Simon Ekpa's law firm ran into financial difficulties - it was found to be unresourced in the foreclosure . 26 April 2024 . . fi . Ekpa kuvaa yrityksensä verkkosivuilla itseään asiantuntijaksi erityisesti ulkomaalaislaissa. Hän ei kuitenkaan edusta asiakkaitaan itse oikeudessa eikä ole asianajaja. (...) Ekpa on kertonut verkkosivuillaan ja sosiaalisessa mediassa saaneensa tutkinnon walesiläisestä Aberystwythin yliopistosta. Yle kysyi asiaa yliopistosta. Sieltä ei annettu tietoja tutkinnoista. [Ekpa describes himself on his company website as an expert, especially in immigration law. However, he does not represent his clients in court himself, and he is not a lawyer. (...) Ekpa has said on his website and social media that he received a degree from the Welsh University of Aberystwyth. Yle asked the university about this. There was no information about any degrees]..
  25. News: Pirilä . Marjo . Stolzmann . Jessica . Nigeriaan kapinaa lietsova lahtelaismies markkinoi lakipalveluita maahanmuuttajille – luulivat keskustelevansa asianajajan kanssa . 27 May 2024 . Yle Uutiset . 12 March 2023 . fi. Lahti man inciting rebellion in Nigeria markets legal services to immigrants - they thought they were talking to a lawyer [Google translate].
  26. Web site: Rasak . Adekunle . 2019-12-15 . Nigerians should discountenance video on alleged capture of soldiers ― Rights Attorney . 2024-04-19 . . en-GB.
  27. Web site: Nigeria . Guardian . 2021-07-22 . IPOB sacks Simon Ekpa as Radio Biafra broadcaster . 2024-06-21 . Guardian Nigeria News . en-GB.
  28. Web site: 2023-01-21 . Ihe Finland kwuru maka ebubo na Simon Ekpa na-akpalite tigbuo-zogbuo n'Ọwụwa Anyanwụ . Finland's comments on the accusation that Simon Ekpa is inciting violence in the East [Google translate] . 2023-02-09 . BBC News Ìgbò . ig.
  29. News: 22 July 2021 . IPOB sacks Kanu's successor in Radio Biafra . The Sun.
  30. Web site: Njoku . Lawrence . 22 July 2021 . IPOB sacks Simon Ekpa as Radio Biafra broadcaster . 22 January 2023 . . Enugu.
  31. Web site: 26 May 2022 . EXCLUSIVE: IPOB Accuses Nnamdi Kanu's Self-proclaimed Disciple, Simon Ekpa Of Working With Nigerian Politicians, Security Agencies To Kill Igbo People . 22 January 2023 . . New York.
  32. News: Samuel . Okonkwo . 2 April 2022 . IPOB Reveals Name/Face Behind Unknown Gunmen In South East - Daily News Reporters . 20 February 2024 . Daily News Reporters - Voice of the Southeast.
  33. News: Ani . Emmanuel . 5 July 2023 . Tension in Enugu as unknown gunmen enforce sit-at-home . 20 February 2024 . Daily Post.
  34. News: Ugwu . Chinagorom . Sit-at-home: Enugu govt vows to resist IPOB plan to scuttle WASSCE in South-east . 6 June 2024 . . 30 May 2024 . en.
  35. Web site: Nnamdi Kanu's Self-professed Disciple, Simon Ekpa Declares Full Biafran Government In Exile, Says No Going Back On Separation From Nigeria Sahara Reporters . 2024-06-14 . saharareporters.com.
  36. News: Uchechukwu . Oghenekevwe UCHECHUKWU . 11 April 2023 . Ekpa declares self Biafra Prime Minister in Exile, names advisory council . 11 March 2024 . ICIR.
  37. Web site: 13 April 2023 . Nnamdi Kanu's 'Disciple', Ekpa Writes UN, Announces Himself As Prime Minister Of Biafra Government In Exile, Lists Other Ministers, Office Holders Sahara Reporters . 10 June 2023 . saharareporters.com.
  38. Web site: Ariemu . Ogaga . 24 May 2023 . Nnamdi Kanu in severe pain, needs urgent ear surgery – Ekpa raises alarm . 10 June 2023 . Daily Post (Nigeria).
  39. Web site: Ariemu . Ogaga . 5 June 2023 . Sit-at-home: Ekpa knocks Mbah, claims governor disgraced . 10 June 2023 . Daily Post (Nigeria).
  40. News: Nnachi . Edward . 2 October 2023 . Gunmen attack Ebonyi community, burn vehicles, others . 20 February 2024 . The Punch.
  41. Web site: Ariemu . Ogaga . 23 May 2023 . Nnamdi Kanu happy with Biafra Republic Government in Exile – Ekpa insists . 10 June 2023 . Daily Post (Nigeria).
  42. News: Opejobi . Seun . 16 April 2023 . Simon Ekpa: Nnamdi Kanu, IPOB have no link with Biafra govt in exile - IPOB . 20 February 2024 . Daily Post.
  43. Web site: Rämö . Aurora . 2024-03-21 . "Biafran pääministeri" asuu Lahdessa – Erikoinen kokoomusvaikuttaja aiheutti diplomaattisen selkkauksen . The "prime minister of Biafra" lives in Lahti - A peculiar coalition influencer caused a diplomatic row [Google translate] . 2024-04-14 . . fi.
  44. News: Majeed . Bakare . Insecurity: Nigerian military accuses Finland of encouraging separatist leader . 3 May 2024 . . 21 November 2023.
  45. Web site: 2023-02-17 . Hämeen kokoomus selvittää separatistijohtaja Simon Ekpan toimintaa Nigeriassa – Suomessa asuvat maanmiehet irtisanoutuvat väkivallasta . The Häme coalition investigates separatist leader Simon Ekpa's activities in Nigeria - compatriots living in Finland resign from violence [Google translate] . 2023-02-20 . Yle Uutiset . fi.
  46. Web site: 2023-02-18 . Yle Nigeriassa: Miljoonat pysyvät kotona joka maanantai, kun Simon Ekpa Lahdesta käskee – pelko on seudulla kouriintuntuvaa . Yle in Nigeria: Millions stay at home every Monday when Simon Ekpa from Lahti orders - fear is palpable in the region [Google translate] . 2023-02-20 . Yle Uutiset . fi.
  47. News: Rautio . Marjatta . 24 February 2023 . Poliisi epäilee lahtelaista Simon Ekpaa rahankeräysrikoksesta – KRP selvittää myös nigerialaiskapinallisen toimia sosiaalisessa mediassa . The police suspect Simon Ekpa from Lahti of a money-raising crime - KRP is also investigating the activities of the Nigerian rebel on social media [Google translate] . 25 April 2024 . Yle Uutiset . fi.
  48. Web site: Obeta . Okechukwu . 2022-12-07 . Ignore 5-day Sit-at-home Order, IPOB Tells South East Residents . 2023-06-16 . en-US.
  49. Web site: Osaji . Sharon . 2022-12-15 . Ekpa ends sit-at-home, says no elections in South-East . 2023-06-16 . Punch Newspapers . en-US.
  50. Web site: Sunday . Ochogwu . 2022-12-06 . No 5-day sit-at-home in South-East – IPOB counters Simon Ekpa . 2023-06-15 . Daily Post Nigeria . en-US.
  51. Web site: Ariemu . Ogaga . 2023-06-14 . Ekpa announces weeklong sit-at-home to demand release of Nnamdi Kanu . 2023-06-15 . Daily Post Nigeria . en-US.
  52. Web site: IPOB: Ekpa Alleges S'East Governors Sponsored Terrorists To Attack Him In Finland – The Whistler Newspaper . 2023-07-31 . thewhistler.ng.
  53. News: 10 December 2022 . Simon Ekpa Sit-At-Home: Gunmen Attack, Set Police Van Ablaze In Enugu African Examiner . 20 February 2024 . African Examiner.
  54. Web site: Johnson . Hannah . 2023-07-30 . Kanu not to be blamed for Biafran agitators' actions – Simon Ekpa . 2024-06-22 . Punch Newspapers . en-US.
  55. Web site: Ariemu . Ogaga . 2023-07-05 . Release Nnamdi Kanu or we stop oil exploitation in Biafra soil - Simon Ekpa threatens . 2024-06-21 . Daily Post Nigeria . en-US.
  56. News: Ugwu . Chinagorom . Why Simon Ekpa will not stop sit-at-home in South-east — Nigerian senator . 8 May 2024 . . 5 August 2023.
  57. Jimada . Usman . Social Media Hate and Misinformation Campaign in the Nigeria 2023 Elections: Journal of Social Sciences & Humanities Researches . Journal of Social Sciences & Humanities Researches . July 2023 . 9 . 7 . 11 .
  58. Web site: Henry . Umoru . 5 May 2024 . Biafra civil war: BRGIE disagrees with IPOB on Sit-at-home in South East . Vanguard News.
  59. News: Isaac . Dachen . Simon Ekpa, IPOB disagree on sit-at-home for Biafra civil war heroes . 8 May 2024 . . 6 May 2024.
  60. News: Ojiego . Nnamdi . Nwaiwu . Chimaobi . Alozie . Chinonso . Okutu . Peter . BIAFRA DAY: S/East on edge as IPOB, Ekpa's group issue conflicting 'orders' . 27 May 2024 . . 26 May 2024.
  61. Web site: Ariemu . Ogaga . 2023-10-19 . Simon Ekpa hosts three-day extraordinary conference on Biafra Referendum . 2024-01-07 . Daily Post Nigeria . en-US.
  62. Web site: Okafor . Emeka . 2023-10-22 . The Biafra-Helsinki Declaration Convention . 2024-01-07 . Dotland Media . en-GB.
  63. Web site: Ariemu . Ogaga . 2024-05-05 . Biafra civil war: BRGIE counters IPOB on Sit-at-home in South-East . 2024-05-05 . Daily Post Nigeria . en-US.
  64. Web site: Biafra's 40 States Structure Emerges As BRGIE Begins Global Self-Referendum E-voting . 2024-06-16 . thesouthernexaminer.com.
  65. Web site: Reporter . NigPilot News . 2024-03-24 . Declaring Simon Ekpa wanted sessionist won't stop Biafra Independence declaration in 2024 - BRGIE . 2024-04-14 . Nigerian Pilot News . en-US.
  66. Web site: Ariemu . Ogaga . 2024-06-13 . Biafra declaration will restore peace, stability to West Africa - BRGIE . 2024-06-14 . Daily Post Nigeria . en-US.
  67. Web site: Grace . Ihesiulo . 2024-06-13 . Biafra declaration in December will restore peace, stability to West Africa- BRGIE . 2024-06-14 . DAILY TIMES Nigeria . en-GB.
  68. Web site: Ariemu . Ogaga . 2024-07-27 . Biafra: Simon Ekpa claims 49 million have voted in 'self-referendum' . 2024-07-28 . Daily Post Nigeria . en-US.
  69. News: Omolaoye . Sodiq . Biafra: Over 30 million voted for self-rule in self-referendum, says Simon Ekpa . 6 June 2024 . . 1 June 2024.
  70. Web site: Ariemu . Ogaga . 2024-06-28 . Biafra referendum binding statement under Int'l law - OEAS . 2024-06-28 . Daily Post Nigeria . en-US.
  71. News: African Conflict Zones in Need of Cease-Fires for Coronavirus Aid . 2 July 2024 . . 1 April 2020 . en.
  72. News: Omolaoye . Sodiq . Ekpa warns Obi, South-East leaders against negotiations for Kanu . 9 July 2024 . . 9 July 2024.
  73. Web site: Sunday . Ochogwu . 2024-07-12 . US to back Biafra declaration in coming months - Ekpa’s BRGIE claims . 2024-07-16 . Daily Post Nigeria . en-US.
  74. Web site: Biafra Liberation Army, Resistance Fighters will protect Igbos in southeast - Simon Ekpa . Vanguard News.
  75. News: Agberebi . James . 28 November 2023 . Gunmen kill DPO, inspector in Imo . 20 February 2024 . The Guardian.
  76. News: Jimoh . Taiwo . 28 November 2023 . UPDATE: Imo CP Hunt For Killers Of DPO, Orderly Murder . 20 February 2024 . New Telegraph.
  77. News: Uzoaru . Stanley . 2 October 2023 . IPOB disowns Biafra Liberation Army . 29 April 2024 . . en.
  78. Executive summary - Cameroon . Cameroon Country Monitor . April 2024 . S&P Global.
  79. News: Pecquet . Julian . Ex‑Congressman’s firm lobbies for African governments in exile . 15 July 2024 . . 28 June 2024.
  80. Web site: Opanuga . Jimisayo . 2024-03-23 . Nigeria military declares Simon Ekpa, 96 others wanted for terrorism . 2024-08-10 . The Guardian Nigeria News - Nigeria and World News . en-US.
  81. News: Odeniyi . Solomon . 22 March 2024 . DHQ declares Simon Ekpa, 96 others wanted . 20 April 2024 . The Punch.
  82. News: Omonobi . Kingsley . 24 March 2024 . IPoB: Simon Ekpa, Chika Edoziem, Egede, 94 others wanted . 20 April 2024 . Vanguard.
  83. News: 23 March 2024 . DHQ declares Simon Ekpa, 96 others wanted for terrorism, kidnapping . 20 April 2024 . Peoples Gazette.
  84. News: Isaac . Dachen . 25 March 2024 . Ekpa says Tinubu, Uzodimma, Soludo, service chiefs, others wanted for terrorism in S'East . 26 April 2024 . Ripples Nigeria.
  85. Web site: Ariemu . Ogaga . 2024-05-25 . Nnamdi Kanu: BRGIE drags Nigerian govt to AU . 2024-05-26 . Daily Post Nigeria . en-US.
  86. Web site: Ariemu . Ogaga . 2024-05-29 . Stop using force, threats, engage Finland to mediate – BRGIE to Nigerian govt . 2024-06-06 . Daily Post Nigeria . en-US.
  87. News: 4 June 2024 . Ex-DSS director demands extradition of Simon Ekpa . The Nation.
  88. Web site: Ugwu . Chinagorom . 2024-06-13 . Nigerian military chief accuses Finnish govt, EU of shielding Simon Ekpa . 2024-06-14 . Premium Times Nigeria . en.
  89. Web site: Finland Is Supporting Simon Ekpa But He Must Be Arrested, Prosecuted, Says Nigerian Defence Chief Musa Sahara Reporters . 2024-06-14 . saharareporters.com.
  90. Web site: 2024-08-10 . Chief of Defence Staff calls for Simon Ekpa’s arrest, accuses Finland and European Union of shielding him . 2024-08-10 . InflowPost . en-US.
  91. Web site: Itodo . Sunny Green . 2024-07-28 . Simon Ekpa begs Elon Musk to support Biafra independence . 2024-07-28 . Daily Post Nigeria . en-US.
  92. Web site: Biafran Agitator, Simon Ekpa Takes Responsibility For Killing Of Four Nigerian Policemen In Owerri Sahara Reporters . 2024-07-31 . saharareporters.com.
  93. Web site: Ugwu . Chinagorom . 2024-07-30 . Simon Ekpa claims responsibility for killing of four police operatives in Nigeria's south-east . 2024-07-31 . Premium Times Nigeria . en.
  94. Web site: 2023-06-01 . Simon Ekpa sai "rauhanlähettiläs-palkinnon" Helsingissä – Lahdessa asuva liikemies tunnetaan nigerialaisten lietsomisesta kapinaan . 2023-06-09 . Yle Uutiset . fi. Simon Ekpa received the "peace ambassador award" in Helsinki - the Lahti-based businessman is known for inciting Nigerians to revolt [Google translate].

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