Bharathiraja Explained

Bharathiraja
Birth Name:Chinnasaamy Periyamayathevar
Birth Date:1941 7, df=yes[1]
Birth Place:Allinagaram, Theni, Madurai District, Madras Presidency, British India.Present day Theni district, Tamil Nadu, India.
Occupation:Film director, Screenwriter, Actor
Children:Manoj Bharathiraja (b.1976)
Janani (b.1979)
Relatives:Manoj Kumar (brother-in-law)
Jayaraj Periyamayathevar (brother)
Awards:Padma Shri (2004)
Years Active:1977–present

Bharathiraja (born 17 July 1941) is an Indian film director and actor who works mainly in the Tamil film industry. Making his debut in 1977 with 16 Vayathinile, he is known for realistic and sensitive portrayals of rural life in his films and popularly referred to as Iyakkunar Imayam. As of 2017, he has won six National Film Awards, four Filmfare Awards South, six Tamil Nadu State Film Awards and a Nandi Award. He has also directed films in Telugu and Hindi. The Government of India honoured him with the Padma Shri award, India's fourth-highest civilian honour, in 2004 for his contribution to the film industry. In 2005, he was conferred with the Doctor of Letters (honorary degree) from Sathyabama University.

Film career

Bharathiraja started his film career as an assistant to Kannada filmmaker Puttanna Kanagal. Later, he assisted P. Pullaiah, M. Krishnan Nair, Avinasi Mani and A. Jagannathan. His first film 16 Vayathinile, for which he wrote the script, broke the then existing convention to create a new genre of village cinema. The film is now regarded as a milestone in the history of Tamil Cinema. About the film, Bharathiraja said: "This movie was meant to be a black & white art film produced with the help of National Film Development Corporation", but turned out to be a commercially successful colour film and a starting point for several important careers.[2] His next film Kizhake Pogum Rail produced similar results and eventually brought in criticisms that Bharathiraja was capable of catering only to village audiences. This led him to make Sigappu Rojakkal, about a psychopathic woman-hater that was totally westernized in terms of both conception and production.[3]

Bharathiraja confirmed his versatility and refusal to be tied down to one particular genre with an experimental film Nizhalgal (1980), and the action thriller Tik Tik Tik (1981). But undoubtedly, rural themes proved to be his strong suit as his biggest hits in the 1980s: Alaigal Oivathillai (1981), Mann Vasanai (1983) and Muthal Mariyathai (1985) were strong love stories in a village backdrop. Muthal Mariyathai starred Sivaji Ganesan in the lead, playing a middle-aged village head. Radha is a poor young woman who moves into his village for a living. The love that bonds these two humans separated not just by age but also by caste and class, is told by Bharathiraja with poetic touches.

Vedham Pudhithu dealt with the caste issue in a stronger manner.[4] The film's narrative was seamless and starred Sathyaraj as Balu Thevar. It contains some of Bharathiraja's trademark touches as well as several ground-breaking scenes. Vedham Pudhithu made a revolutionary thoughts about caste discriminations in Brahmin and other upper castes in Tamil Nadu. Bharathiraja has successfully managed to modernise his film-making techniques for the 1990s. The commercial success of Kizhakku Cheemaiyile and the awards that Karuththamma garnered stand as testimony to his ability to thrill the younger generation as well. Bharathiraja was on the same stage in 1996 to receive another National Award for Anthimanthaarai.

In late 1996, Bharathiraja was signed on to direct two films, with the Sarathkumar-starrer Vaakkapatta Bhoomi announced in October. The following month, he began work on a film titled Siragugal Murivadhillai, starring Napolean, Heera Rajagopal and Prakash Raj. Both films were later shelved.[5] He planned to revive Vaakkapatta Bhoomi with Cheran during late 2004, but the collaboration did not materialise.[6]

His 2001 film Kadal Pookal won him that year's National Film Award for Best Screenplay. The well-known Tamil film director Bhagyaraj was one of his assistant directors. In 2008, Bharathiraja made his television debut with series Thekkathi Ponnu which aired on Kalaignar TV.[7] He went on to direct two other series Appanum Aathaalum and Muthal Mariyathai for the same channel.[8]

During early 2016, Bharathiraja was embroiled in a legal tussle with director Bala on making a film titled Kutra Parambarai, though neither filmmaker eventually made their respective films.[9] [10] He later moved on to plan a film starring director Vasanth's son, Ritwik Varun, and Vikram's nephew, but the film was dropped after two schedules.[11] In 2018, Bharathirajaa was working on a film titled November 8, Iravu 8 Mani starring Vidharth, which narrates events following the decision to demonetise certain banknotes in India.[12] [13]

Style, critique and public perception

When the old era was dominated by films shot inside studios, Bharathiraja directed village themed films that inspired Tamil cinema to capture live locations. Array of village films in Tamil cinema started after his trendsetting film 16 Vayathinile.[14] [15] He changed the attire of male lead role as simple and without much cosmetics and female leads in his films as dusky looking which were before dominated by fair skinned ladies.[16] He started the style of directors speaking to the audience with his famous dialogue "En Iniya Thamizh Makkale (My sweet Tamil people)".[17] [18] Bharathiraja is revered as one of the best directors of Indian cinema. His ideas were original and his subjects were complex ideas expressed in a manner every common man could understand.[19]

He is also known for introducing a number of new faces to the film industry.[20] He has introduced many actors as new faces notable among them are Karthik, Radha, Revathi, Radhika, and Vijayashanti.[21] [22] [23] Apart from lead actors, he has introduced a bunch of supporting actors. Notable among them include Janagaraj, Vadivukkarasi, Chandrasekhar, Pandiyan, and Napoleon.[24] [25] [26] As an experimental initiative he used to give new actors a small role in his films later they becoming popular among people and turning to busy actors. Many present day directors who were unknown to people turned into actors after playing a debut petty role in his films: K. Bhagyaraj, Manivannan, Manobala, Thiagarajan, and Ponvannan are among them.[27] [28] He was also instrumental in portraying Sathyaraj for the first time in lead role.

Bharathiraja inspired many young film makers and runs a school called Bharathi Raja International Institute of Cinema (BRIIC) on film making.[29] [30]

Bharathiraja directed socially themed films with special emphasis on women and their complicated interpersonal relationships. He addressed other social evils like caste discrimination in his films.[31] [15]

Personal life

Bharathiraja was born as Chinnasamy to parents Periyamayathevar and Karuthammal in Theni Allinagaram, a town in the erstwhile Theni district of Tamil Nadu in a Kallar family.[32] He married ChandraLeela in 1974 and has two children Manoj Bharathiraja (born 1976) and Janani (born 1979).

Manoj is an actor who was introduced in Tajmahal and he married actress Nandana.[33] [34] Janani is married to Malaysian Rajkumar Thambiraja.[33] Bharathiraja's brother-in-law Manoj Kumar has directed films such as Mannukkul Vairam, Vandicholai Chinraasu, Vaanavil and Guru Paarvai.[35] His brother Jayaraj made his acting debut with Kaththukkutti.[36] His relative Stalin is a television actor who acted in serials such as Saravanan Meenatchi and 7C.

Awards

Civilian honours

National Film Awards

Filmfare Awards South

Tamil Nadu State Film Awards

Nandi Awards

Vijay Awards

Other awards

Legal issues

Filmography

As director

YearTitleLanguageNotes
1977 16 Vayathinile Tamil Nadu State Film Award for Best Director
1978 Kizhake Pogum Rail Tamil
Sigappu Rojakkal Tamil Filmfare Award for Best Tamil Director
1979 Solva Sawan Remake of 16 Vayathinile
Puthiya Vaarpugal Tamil
Niram Maaratha Pookkal Tamil Voice for Vijayan
1980 Kotha Jeevithalu Remake of Puthiya Vaarpugal
Red Rose Hindi Remake of Sigappu Rojakkal
Nizhalgal Tamil
1981 Alaigal Oivathillai Tamil Tamil Nadu State Film Award for Best Director
Tik Tik Tik Tamil
Seethakoka Chiluka Telugu National Film Award for Best Feature Film in Telugu
1982 Kaadhal Oviyam Tamil
Valibamey Vaa Vaa Tamil
1983 Man Vasanai Tamil
Lovers Hindi Remake of Alaigal Oivathillai
1984 Pudhumai Penn Tamil
1985 Oru Kaidhiyin Diary Tamil
Yuvadharam Pilicindi Telugu
Mudhal Mariyathai Tamil National Film Award for Best Feature Film in Tamil
1986 Saveray Wali Gaadi Hindi
Kadalora Kavithaigal Tamil 25th Film
1987 Vedham Pudhithu Tamil National Film Award for Best Film on Other Social Issues
Aradhana Telugu
1988 Jamadagni Telugu Dubbed in Tamil as Naarkaali Kanavugal
Kodi Parakuthu Tamil Dubbed for Manivannan
1990 En Uyir Thozhan Tamil
1991 Pudhu Nellu Pudhu Naathu Tamil
1992 Nadodi Thendral Tamil
1993 Captain Magal Tamil
Kizhakku Cheemayile Tamil
1994 Karuthamma Tamil National Film Award for Best Film on Family Welfare
1995 Pasum Ponn Tamil
1996 Tamizh Selvan Tamil
Anthimanthaarai Tamil National Film Award for Best Feature Film in Tamil
1999 Taj Mahal Tamil
2001 Kadal Pookkal Tamil National Film Award for Best Screenplay
2003 Eera Nilam Tamil
2004 Kangalal Kaidhu Sei Tamil
2008 Bommalattam Tamil
2013 Annakodi Tamil
2016 Final Cut of Director Hindi Partially reshot in Tamil as Bommalattam (2008)
2020 Meendum Oru Mariyathai Tamil
Paravai Kootil Vaazhum Maangal Tamil Episode 5 of Modern Love Chennai

As actor

YearTitleRoleNotes
1980 Kallukkul Eeram Himself Also writer
1984 Dhavani Kanavugal Himself Guest appearance
1991 Idhayam Himself Guest appearance
Thanthu Vitten Ennai Himself Guest appearance
2002 Kadhal Virus Himself Guest appearance
2004 Aayutha Ezhuthu Selvanayagam
2010 Rettaisuzhi Singaravelan
2013 Pandianadu Kalyanasundaram Vijay Award for Best Supporting Actor
2014 Ninaithathu Yaaro Himself Guest appearance
2017 Kurangu Bommai Sundaram
Padaiveeran Krishnan
2018 Seethakaathi Himself Special appearance
2019 Kennedy Club Savarimuthu
Namma Veetu Pillai Arunmozhivarman
2020 Meendum Oru Mariyathai Om
2021 Eeswaran Periyasamy
Rocky Manimaran
2022 Kuttram Kuttrame DSP Muthukaruppan
Thiruchitrambalam Thiruchitrambalam Sr.
2023 Vaathi Villager Cameo appearance
Sir Villager Telugu film; Cameo appearance
Thiruvin Kural Marimuthu
Karumegangal Kalaigindrana Ramanathan
Margazhi ThingalRamaiyaa
2024 Kalvan Azhagar
MaharajaGopal Thatha

Television

List of TV Serials directed by Bharathiraja and aired on Kalaignar TV.[45]

Dubbing artist

Singer

Notes and References

  1. Web site: Life history of Bharathiraja . Youtube . 18 October 2019 . 9 January 2020 . https://web.archive.org/web/20200109034859/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=m_j5Da03QpE . live .
  2. Web site: Man behind the 1970s wave. Frontline. 15 February 2014. 23 May 2015. https://web.archive.org/web/20150523102633/http://www.frontline.in/arts-and-culture/cinema/man-behind-the-1970s-wave/article5189324.ece. live.
  3. Web site: 50 Tamil Movies to watch before you Die - 18 : Sigappu Rojakkal (1978) - Sylvianism. Sylvianism. 15 February 2014. https://web.archive.org/web/20131204155452/http://www.sylvianism.com/2011/06/24/50-tamil-movies-to-watch-before-you-die-18-sigappu-rojakkal-1978/. 4 December 2013. dead.
  4. Web site: My rambling and ranting.... Shankar. shankyyanky.blogspot.in. 15 February 2014. 22 February 2014. https://web.archive.org/web/20140222205317/http://shankyyanky.blogspot.in/2010/01/brahmin-in-tamil-cinema.html. live.
  5. Web site: A-Z (V) . indolink.com . usurped . https://web.archive.org/web/20130424003725/http://www.indolink.com/tamil/cinema/Specials/97/Oct/a-z/atoz-5.htm . 24 April 2013 .
  6. Web site: Music India OnLine - Cheran in 'Vakkappatta Bhoomi' . musicindiaonline.com . 11 January 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20041111110515/http://musicindiaonline.com/n/i/tamil/1057/ . 11 November 2004 . dead.
  7. Web site: Bharathiraja strikes Kalaignar - Behindwoods.com Thekkathi Ponnu Napoleon Ranjitha Chandrashekar Swarnamalya Manoj Creations hot images tamil picture gallery images . 29 October 2019 . 29 October 2019 . https://web.archive.org/web/20191029073427/http://www.behindwoods.com/tamil-movie-news-1/apr-08-02/kalaignar-08-04-08.html . live .
  8. Web site: பாரதிராஜாவின் அப்பனும் ஆத்தாளும்: கலைஞர் டி.வி.யில் புதுத்தொடர்! | Bharathirajas new serial program titled as appanum aathalum . October 2011 . 29 October 2019 . 29 October 2019 . https://web.archive.org/web/20191029073431/https://cinema.dinamalar.com/tamil-tv-serials/5276/Chinna-thirai-Television-News/Bharathirajas-new-serial-program-titled-as-appanum-aathalum.htm . live .
  9. Web site: Bala and Bharathiraja face off over rights to film . April 2016 . 10 January 2018 . 11 January 2018 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180111060203/http://www.deccanchronicle.com/entertainment/kollywood/010416/bala-and-bharathiraja-face-off-over-rights-to-film.html . live .
  10. Web site: Two writers fight over 'Kuttra Parambarai' . . 10 January 2018 . 11 January 2018 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180111054226/http://www.sify.com/movies/two-writers-fight-over-kuttra-parambarai-news-tamil-qd3p0tfgbegcj.html . dead .
  11. Web site: Neither Kutraparambarai nor Alaigal Oivadhillai Part 2 - Tamil News . 21 July 2016 . 10 January 2018 . 11 January 2018 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180111164930/https://www.indiaglitz.com/director-bharathiraja-next-film-with-vasanth-son-not-alaigal-oivadhillai-part-2-tamil-news-163633 . live .
  12. News: Bharathirajaa to work on new film, not Kutra Parambarai . . 10 January 2018 . 24 May 2018 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180524051442/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/Bharathirajaa-to-work-on-new-film-not-Kutra-Parambarai/articleshow/53301779.cms . live .
  13. Web site: A promising line-up of films for Vidharth . 11 March 2017 . 10 January 2018 . 11 January 2018 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180111054850/https://www.deccanchronicle.com/entertainment/kollywood/110317/a-promising-line-up-of-films-for-vidharth.html . live .
  14. Web site: Throwback Thursday ! Amazing facts about the trendsetter '16 Vayadhinile' - Telugu News. 2018-02-01. IndiaGlitz.com. 2020-04-07. 7 April 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20200407111607/https://www.indiaglitz.com/throwback-thursday-rajini-kamal-bharathiraja-bhagyaraj-ilayaraja-16-vayadhinile-special-article--telugu-news-206172. live.
  15. Web site: Happy 75th Birthday Bharathiraja: Remembering the iconoclast's best films. July 17, 2016. Srivatsan. India Today. en. 2020-04-07. 7 April 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20200407111607/https://www.indiatoday.in/movies/regional-cinema/story/happy-birthday-director-bharathiraja-tamil-films-329678-2016-07-17. live.
  16. Web site: I can't wear a facade and playact a script in real life. Subramanian. Anupama. 2018-07-22. Deccan Chronicle. en. 2020-04-07. 21 February 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20200221103217/https://www.deccanchronicle.com/entertainment/kollywood/220718/i-cant-wear-a-facade-and-playact-a-script-in-real-life.html. live.
  17. Web site: Stepping back into Kollywood. 2012-01-14. Deccan Herald. en. 2020-04-07. 7 April 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20200407111607/https://www.deccanherald.com/content/219233/stepping-back-kollywood.html. live.
  18. Book: Joshi. Priya. The 1970s and its Legacies in India's Cinemas. Dudrah. Rajinder. 2016-05-06. Routledge. 978-1-134-92759-3. 84. en. 13 September 2020. 11 October 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20201011124343/https://books.google.com/books?id=RggfDAAAQBAJ&pg=PA84&dq=bharathiraja#v=onepage&q=bharathiraja&f=false. live.
  19. Web site: rediff.com: Bharatiraja going places. specials.rediff.com. 2020-04-07. 10 March 2016. https://web.archive.org/web/20160310020719/http://specials.rediff.com/movies/2007/sep/05sld1.htm. live.
  20. Web site: Casting a wider net in Kollywood. Subramanian. Anupama. 2016-11-21. Deccan Chronicle. en. 2020-04-07. 7 April 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20200407111609/https://www.deccanchronicle.com/entertainment/kollywood/211116/casting-a-wider-net.html. live.
  21. Web site: 5 Bold And Beautiful Heroines Of Bharathiraja. JFW Just for women. 2020-04-07. 7 April 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20200407140820/https://jfwonline.com/article/5-bold-and-beautiful-heroines-of-bharathiraja/. live.
  22. Web site: Karthik changes path - Tamil News. 2009-01-28. IndiaGlitz.com. 2020-04-07. 7 April 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20200407140814/https://www.indiaglitz.com/karthik-changes-path-tamil-news-44598. live.
  23. Book: Ramaswamy, Vijaya. Historical Dictionary of the Tamils. 2017-08-25. Rowman & Littlefield. 978-1-5381-0686-0. 81. en. 13 September 2020. 11 October 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20201011124344/https://books.google.com/books?id=ALUvDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA81&lpg=PA81&dq=bhagyaraj+introduced+by+bharathiraja#v=onepage&q=bhagyaraj%20introduced%20by%20bharathiraja&f=false. live.
  24. Web site: Saluting the gurus of Tamil cinema! A Teachers' Day special - Tamil News. 2012-09-05. IndiaGlitz.com. 2020-04-07. 7 April 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20200407144833/https://www.indiaglitz.com/saluting-the-gurus-of-tamil-cinema-a-teachers-day-special-tamil-news-85733.html. live.
  25. Web site: 'I Played Wife, Mother & Grandmother In My 20s. I Got Used To It': In Conversation With Vadivukkarasi. V. 2018-11-26. Silverscreen.in. en-US. 2020-04-07. 7 April 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20200407144834/https://silverscreen.in/movies/features/i-played-wife-mother-grandmother-in-my-20s-i-got-used-to-it-in-conversation-with-vadivukkarasi/. live.
  26. Web site: Iyakkunar Imayam Bharathiraja to start a film school - Tamil News. 2017-03-20. IndiaGlitz.com. 2020-04-07. 7 April 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20200407143518/https://www.indiaglitz.com/iyakkunar-imayam-bharathiraja-starting-film-school-briic-tamil-news-181698. live.
  27. News: A mastermind at work. 2017-02-11. The Hindu. 2020-04-07. en-IN. 0971-751X. 11 October 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20201011124346/https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/movies/A-mastermind-at-work/article17288295.ece. live.
  28. Web site: Nighalgal. kannanbhimsingh.com. 2020-04-07. 7 April 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20200407164043/http://kannanbhimsingh.com/Nizhalgal.html. live.
  29. News: Ace filmmaker Bharathiraja to set up film school. 2014-07-07. The Hindu. 2020-04-07. en-IN. 0971-751X. 7 April 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20200407111606/https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/ace-filmmaker-bharathiraja-to-set-up-film-school/article6185350.ece. live.
  30. Web site: Bharathiraja to Set Up Film School. The New Indian Express. 7 July 2014 . 2020-04-07. 7 April 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20200407111608/https://www.newindianexpress.com/entertainment/tamil/2014/jul/07/Bharathiraja-to-Set-Up-Film-School-633027.html. live.
  31. Web site: Balachander and Bharathirajaa, two filmmakers who took Tamil cinema to new heights. www.thenewsminute.com. 7 November 2016. live. https://web.archive.org/web/20200407111607/https://www.thenewsminute.com/article/balachander-and-bharathirajaa-two-filmmakers-who-took-tamil-cinema-new-heights-52500. 7 April 2020. 2020-04-07.
  32. News: Happy 75th Birthday Bharathiraja. 17 Jul 2016 . 10 May 2024 . India Today.
  33. Web site: Bharathirajas daughter weds in Malaysia. indiaglitz.com. 30 August 2013. 11 November 2013. https://web.archive.org/web/20131111101249/http://www.indiaglitz.com/channels/tamil/article/41186.html. dead.
  34. Web site: Manoj Bharathy weds Nandhana. indiaglitz.com. 30 August 2013. 11 November 2013. https://web.archive.org/web/20131111101311/http://www.indiaglitz.com/channels/tamil/article/27027.html. dead.
  35. Web site: Behindwoods : BharathiRaja's relative ManojKumar has planned several projects on the anvil. behindwoods.com. 24 August 2014. 27 July 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180727145629/http://www.behindwoods.com/features/News/News28/29-8-05/tamil-movies-news-bharathiraja.html. live.
  36. News: Etcetera: Bharathiraja's lookalike. Nikhil Raghavan. The Hindu. 9 August 2014. 24 August 2014. 4 December 2014. https://web.archive.org/web/20141204183453/http://www.thehindu.com/features/cinema/etcetera/article6299055.ece. live.
  37. Web site: Padma Awardees. Government of India. National Informatics Centre. 23 December 2011. 31 January 2009. https://web.archive.org/web/20090131221505/http://india.gov.in/myindia/advsearch_awards.php. live.
  38. Web site: 35th Annual Filmfare Award South Winners . Filmfare . 5 February 2017 . 2017-02-05 . live . https://archive.today/20170205141932/https://archive.org/details/35thAnnualFilmfareAwardsSouthWinners . 5 February 2017 .
  39. Web site: Filmfare Award For Best Tamil Director Winner Bharathiraja special . Filmfare . 6 February 2017 . 2017-02-06 . live . https://archive.today/20170206132513/https://archive.org/details/FilmfareAwardForBestTamilDirectorwinnerbharathirajaspecial . 6 February 2017 .
  40. Web site: 2010-03-13. నంది అవార్డు విజేతల పరంపర (1964 - 2008). A series of Nandi Award Winners (1964 - 2008). 3 January 2021. Information & Public Relations of Andhra Pradesh. te.
  41. Web site: Honoris Causa 2005 - Satyabhama University . 2020-09-16 . . 16 September 2020 . https://web.archive.org/web/20200916182344/http://www.sathyabama.ac.in/sitepagetwo.php?mainref=0&firstref=100&secondref=25 . live .
  42. Web site: AllIndianSite.com - Cinema scidhigal - It's All About movie. allindiansite.com. dead. https://web.archive.org/web/20070927025835/http://kollywood.allindiansite.com/g/41ta.html. 27 September 2007. dmy-all.
  43. Web site: The Hindu : Bharatiraaja 'misdirected' Neyveli show. hinduonnet.com. 15 November 2006. https://web.archive.org/web/20071127163047/http://www.hinduonnet.com/2002/10/14/stories/2002101403500500.htm. 27 November 2007. usurped.
  44. Web site: The Hindu : Rally exposes politicised film industry. hinduonnet.com. 15 November 2006. https://web.archive.org/web/20071102121317/http://www.hinduonnet.com/2002/10/13/stories/2002101304130100.htm. 2 November 2007. usurped.
  45. News: One more serial from Bharathiraja . newindianexpress.com . 20 Sep 2011.
  46. News: 25 May 2013 . சீரியலிலும் புரட்சி செய்யப்போகிறார் பாரதிராஜா! . ta . Bharathiraja is going to revolutionise the TV serial industry too! . . live . 18 December 2020 . https://web.archive.org/web/20201218054222/https://cinema.dinamalar.com/tamil-tv-serials/12593/Chinna-thirai-Television-News/Bharatiraja-toward-revolution-serial!.htm . 18 December 2020.
  47. Web site: Hymavati . Ravali . Modern Love Chennai: This Thiagarajan Kumararaja's Web Series Will Premier On Amazon Prime From This Date . www.thehansindia.com . 17 May 2023 . en . 8 May 2023.

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