| Bhadarwahi | |
| Also Known As: | Bhadrawahi |
| Nativename: | भद्रवाही |
| States: | Jammu and Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh |
| Region: | Bhadarwah, Doda district |
| Date: | 2011 |
| Ref: | e22 |
| Ethnicity: | Bhadarwahis |
| Familycolor: | Indo-European |
| Fam2: | Indo-Iranian |
| Fam3: | Indo-Aryan |
| Fam4: | Northern |
| Fam5: | Western Pahari |
| Dia1: | Bhalesi |
| Dia3: | Bhadrawahi proper |
| Dia4: | Khasali dialect |
| Script: | Devanagari, Takri, Perso-Arabic script |
| Iso3: | bhd |
| Glotto: | bhad1241 |
| Glottorefname: | Bhadrawahi |
Bhadarwahi (Bhadrawahi) is an Indo-Aryan language of the Western Pahari group spoken by the Bhadarwahi people of the Bhadarwah region of Indian-administered Jammu and Kashmir.
The name Bhadarwahi can be understood either in a narrow sense as referring to the dialect, locally known as Bhiḍlāi, native to the Bhadarwah valley, or in a broader sense to cover the group of related dialects spoken in the wider region where Bhadarwahi proper is used as a lingua franca. In addition to Bhadarwahi proper, this group also includes Bhalesi, and Khasali (Khashali) dialect.[1] The Churahi language is closely related.
The name of the language is spelt in the Takri as . Variants include Bhaderwahi, Baderwali, Bhadri, Badrohi, Bhadlayi, and Bhadlai .
| High | pronounced as /iː/ | pronounced as /uː/ | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lower High | pronounced as /i/ | pronounced as /u/ | ||
| Mid | pronounced as /e eː/ | pronounced as /oː/ | ||
| Lower Mid | pronounced as /ə/ | pronounced as /o/ | ||
| Low | pronounced as /ɑː/ |
| Nasal | pronounced as /m/ | pronounced as /n/ | pronounced as /ɳ/ | pronounced as /ɲ/ | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Stop | voiceless | pronounced as /p/ | pronounced as /t̪/ | pronounced as /ʈ/ | pronounced as /t͡ʃ/ | pronounced as /k/ | ||||
| aspirated | pronounced as /pʰ/ | pronounced as /t̪ʰ/ | pronounced as /ʈʰ/ | pronounced as /t͡ʃʰ/ | pronounced as /kʰ/ | |||||
| voiced | pronounced as /b/ | pronounced as /d̪/ | pronounced as /ɖ/ | pronounced as /d͡ʒ/ | pronounced as /ɡ/ | |||||
| breathy | pronounced as /bʱ/ | pronounced as /d̪ʱ/ | pronounced as /ɖʱ/ | pronounced as /d͡ʒʱ/ | pronounced as /ɡʱ/ | |||||
| Fricative | voiceless | pronounced as /s/ | pronounced as /ʃ/ | pronounced as /ç çʰ/ | pronounced as /h/ | |||||
| voiced | pronounced as /z zʱ/ | |||||||||
| Approximant | pronounced as /w/ | pronounced as /l/ | pronounced as /j/ | |||||||
| Trill | pronounced as /r/ | |||||||||
| Flap or Tap | pronounced as /ɽ/ | |||||||||
The language is commonly called Pahari. Some speakers may call it a dialect of Dogri.[2] The language has no official status. It is classified by the United Nations Education, Scientific and Cultural Organisation (UNESCO) as "definitely endangered," meaning that many Bhadarwahi parents are not teaching it to their children and the number of native speakers is decreasing. Other languages, such as Kashmiri and Urdu/Hindi, are being spoken in the home in its place. This is a natural human tendency to pick up the language of people perceived as better off economically and/or socially.[3]
A daily headline news program is broadcast by a news outlet The Chenab Times in Sarazi and Bhadarwahi languages to promote them.[4] [5]