| Beit HaKerem | |
| Native Name: | Hebrew: בית הכרם |
| Settlement Type: | Neighborhood of Jerusalem |
| Subdivision Type: | Country |
| Subdivision Name: |  Israel |
| Subdivision Type1: | District |
| Subdivision Name1: | Jerusalem District |
| Subdivision Type2: | City |
| Subdivision Name2: | Jerusalem |
Beit HaKerem (Hebrew: בית הכרם; lit. "house of the vineyard") is a largely secular upscale neighborhood in southwest Jerusalem.[1] It is located between Kiryat Moshe to the northwest and Bayit VeGan to the south. Beit HaKerem has a population of 15,000.[2]
Remnants from the First Temple, Second Temple, Byzantine and Mamluk periods were discovered in a dig on HaSatat Street in 2006.[3] It is named for the biblical city of Beit Hakerem near Jerusalem[4] mentioned in Jeremiah 6:1 and Nehemiah 3:14.
The neighborhood was founded in 1922 as one of six garden cities developed in Jerusalem during the days of the British Mandate for Palestine.[5] Beit HaKerem was planned by Ricard Kaufmann, an architect notable for his Bauhaus style, and was at the time separated from the rest of the city by large swaths of undeveloped land.[6] Beit Hakerem has continued to maintain its 'green' character.
According to a census conducted in 1931 by the British Mandate authorities, Beit HaKerem had a population of 550 inhabitants, in 148 inhabited houses.[7]
In the 1960s and 1970s, many university professors and students sought housing in Beit Hakerem due to its proximity to the Givat Ram campus of the Hebrew University, built when the Mount Scopus campus was cut off from Jerusalem in 1948.[8] Beit HaKerem tends to vote left in elections.[9] [10] In the 2021 Israeli legislative election, the highest number of votes from Beit HaKerem went to Meretz (23%), Labor (16%), and Yesh Atid (15%).[11]
The neighborhood has 25 kindergartens, four elementary schools and three high schools considered among the most prestigious in Jerusalem.[12] The David Yellin College of Education, established in 1913, is located in Beit HaKerem,[13] as is the David Shapell College of Jewish Studies.[14] A footbridge from Beit HaKerem over the Begin Highway connects to the Hebrew University Secondary School and to the Givat Ram campus of the Hebrew University of Jerusalem.
Gan Ha'esrim park in Beit Hakerem (Park of the Twenty) commemorates 20 residents who died in the 1948 Arab–Israeli War. Denmark Square (Kikar Denya) honors the Danish people for rescuing approximately 93⅓% percent of its Jewish population during the Holocaust. The monument in the square is shaped like a boat, recalling the boats on which Jews were smuggled to Sweden.[15] Two connecting parks for kids, Gan HaShachar and Gan HaGai, are also located in the neighborhood.
The Jerusalem Light Rail, which began service in late 2011, passes through Beit HaKerem and has three stops there—Ha-'Haluts, Denia Square and Yefe Nof—providing convenient, rapid transportation to the Jerusalem Central Bus Station, the Binyanei Hauma international convention center, the new terminus of the high-speed rail to Tel Aviv (28 minutes), Cinema City, the Machaneh Yehudah market, as well as to downtown Jerusalem, Zion Square, the Ben Yehudah pedestrian mall, Jerusalem City Hall, the Mamilla shopping mall and the Old City near Jaffa Gate and Damascus Gate.
Denmark Square in the center of Beit Hakerem adjoins a shopping center.[16] Yad Sarah, the largest voluntary organization in Israel, which lends medical equipment and provides other services for free or at nominal costs is located in Beit HaKarem, along with Shaare Zedek Medical Center, one of Jerusalem's main hospitals.