Academy Award for Best Actor explained

Academy Award for Best Actor
Awarded For:	Best Performance by an Actor in a Leading Role
Presenter:	Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS)
Country:	United States
Year:	1929
Holder Label:	Most recent winner
Holder:	Cillian Murphy, Oppenheimer (2024)
Most Awards:	Daniel Day-Lewis (3)
Most Nominations:	Laurence Olivier and Spencer Tracy (9)

The Academy Award for Best Actor is an award presented annually by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). It has been awarded since the 1st Academy Awards to an actor who has delivered an outstanding performance in a leading role in a film released that year. The award is traditionally presented by the previous year's Best Actress winner.

The Best Actor award has been presented 96 times, to 86 actors. The first winner was German actor Emil Jannings for his roles in The Last Command (1928) and The Way of All Flesh (1927).^[1] The most recent winner is Cillian Murphy for Oppenheimer (2023), who simultaneously became the first Irish-born actor to win this award. Italian actor Roberto Benigni gave the first non-English winning performance in Life Is Beautiful (1997) in this category. The record for most wins is three, held by Daniel Day-Lewis, while nine other actors have won twice. The record for most nominations is nine, jointly held by Spencer Tracy and Laurence Olivier. James Dean, with two consecutive nominations, remains the only actor to have been posthumously nominated for this award more than once. At the 5th Academy Awards, Fredric March finished one vote ahead of Wallace Beery; under the rules of the time, this meant both actors were awarded, in this category's only tie. Peter O'Toole holds the record in this category for most nominations (eight) without a win—albeit in 2003, he was an Honorary Oscar recipient.

Nominations process

Nominees are currently determined by single transferable vote within the actors branch of AMPAS; winners are selected by a plurality vote from the entire eligible voting members of the Academy.^[2]

In the first three years of the awards, actors and actresses were nominated as the best individuals in their categories. At that time, all of their work during the qualifying period (as many as three films, in some cases) was listed after the award. Despite this, at the 3rd Academy Awards, held in 1930, only one film was cited in each winner's award regardless of how many they were eligible to be considered for during that span.^[3] The current system, in which an actor is nominated for a specific performance in a single film, was introduced for the 4th Academy Awards. Starting with the 9th Academy Awards, held in 1937, the category was limited to a maximum five nominations per year.

Winners and nominees

In the following table, the years are listed as per Academy convention, and generally correspond to the year of film release in Los Angeles County; the ceremonies are always held the following year. For the first five ceremonies, the eligibility period spanned twelve months, from August 1 to July 31. For the 6th ceremony held in 1934, the eligibility period lasted from August 1, 1932, to December 31, 1933. Since the 7th ceremony held in 1935, the period of eligibility became the full previous calendar year from January 1 to December 31.

Table key

‡	Indicates the winner
§	Indicates winner who refused the award
†	Indicates a posthumous winner
†	Indicates a posthumous nominee

1920s

Year	Actor	Role(s)	Film
1927/28 (1st)				^[4]
	Patent Leather Kid
			^[5]
1928/29 (2nd) ^[6]			In Old Arizona	^[7]
		Thunderbolt
		Alibi

1930s

Year	Actor	Role(s)	Film
1929/30 (3rd)			Disraeli	^[8]
		Bulldog Drummond
	Michel	Condemned
	Yegor
1930/31 (4th)				^[9]
		Skippy
		Cimarron
1931/32 (5th)	(Tie)			^[10]
(Tie)		Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde
1932/33 (6th)				^[11]
		Berkeley Square
		I Am a Fugitive from a Chain Gang
1934 (7th)			It Happened One Night	^[12]
	Alessandro, Duke of Florence
1935 (8th)				^[13]
		Mutiny on the Bounty
(Write-in)		Black Fury
1936 (9th)				^[14]
		Mr. Deeds Goes to Town
		Dodsworth
		My Man Godfrey
		San Francisco
1937 (10th)			Captains Courageous	^[15]
		Conquest
	Danny	Night Must Fall
1938 (11th)			Boys Town	^[16]
		Algiers
		Angels with Dirty Faces
		Pygmalion
1939 (12th)			Goodbye, Mr. Chips	^[17]
		Gone with the Wind
	Heathcliff	Wuthering Heights
		Babes in Arms
		Mr. Smith Goes to Washington

1940s

Year	Actor	Role(s)	Film
1940 (13th)				^[18]
	& The Barber
		Abe Lincoln in Illinois
		Rebecca
1941 (14th)			Sergeant York	^[19]
		Penny Serenade
		Here Comes Mr. Jordan
		Citizen Kane
1942 (15th)			Yankee Doodle Dandy	^[20]
		Random Harvest
		Mrs. Miniver
	Howard
1943 (16th)			Watch on the Rhine	^[21]
		Casablanca
		For Whom the Bell Tolls
		Madame Curie
1944 (17th)			Going My Way	^[22]
		Gaslight
		Going My Way
		None but the Lonely Heart
		Wilson
1945 (18th)				^[23]
		Anchors Aweigh
1946 (19th)				^[24]
		Henry V
		It's a Wonderful Life
1947 (20th)				^[25]
		Body and Soul
		Gentleman's Agreement
		Life with Father
		Mourning Becomes Electra
1948 (21st)		Hamlet, Prince of Denmark	Hamlet	^[26]
		Johnny Belinda
		When My Baby Smiles at Me
		Sitting Pretty
1949 (22nd)			All the King's Men	^[27]
		Champion
		Twelve O'Clock High
		Sands of Iwo Jima

1950s

Year	Actor	Role(s)	Film
1950 (23rd)			Cyrano de Bergerac	^[28]
		Sunset Boulevard
		Harvey
		Father of the Bride
1951 (24th)				^[29]
		Bright Victory
		Death of a Salesman
1952 (25th)			High Noon	^[30]
		Viva Zapata!
		Moulin Rouge
1953 (26th)			Stalag 17	^[31]
		Julius Caesar
		From Here to Eternity
1954 (27th)			On the Waterfront	^[32]
		Robinson Crusoe
1955 (28th)			Marty	^[33]
		Love Me or Leave Me
†		East of Eden
		Bad Day at Black Rock
1956 (29th)				^[34]
†		Giant
		Lust for Life
		Giant
		Richard III
1957 (30th)				^[35]
		Sayonara
		Witness for the Prosecution
	Gino	Wild Is the Wind
1958 (31st)			Separate Tables	^[36]
		Cat on a Hot Tin Roof
		The Defiant Ones
1959 (32nd)			Ben-Hur	^[37]
		Room at the Top
	Jerry / Daphne	Some Like It Hot
		Anatomy of a Murder

1960s

Year	Actor	Role(s)	Film
1960 (33rd)			Elmer Gantry	^[38]
		Sons and Lovers
		Inherit the Wind
1961 (34th)			Judgment at Nuremberg	^[39]
	Cesar	Fanny
		Judgment at Nuremberg
1962 (35th)			To Kill a Mockingbird	^[40]
		Birdman of Alcatraz
		Days of Wine and Roses
		Divorce Italian Style
		Lawrence of Arabia
1963 (36th)			Lilies of the Field	^[41]
		Tom Jones
		This Sporting Life
		Cleopatra
		Hud
1964 (37th)			My Fair Lady	^[42]
		Becket
		Zorba the Greek
	, President Merkin Muffley, and Dr. Strangelove	Dr. Strangelove, or: How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Love the Bomb
1965 (38th)		& Tim Strawn	Cat Ballou	^[43]
	Othello	Othello
		Ship of Fools
1966 (39th)				^[44]
	George	Who's Afraid of Virginia Woolf?
		Alfie
1967 (40th)			In the Heat of the Night	^[45]
		Bonnie and Clyde
		Cool Hand Luke
†		Guess Who's Coming to Dinner
1968 (41st)			Charly	^[46]
	Fagin	Oliver!
1969 (42nd)			True Grit	^[47]
		Anne of the Thousand Days
		Midnight Cowboy
		Goodbye, Mr. Chips
		Midnight Cowboy

1970s

Year	Actor	Role(s)	Film
1970 (43rd)	§		Patton	^[48]
		I Never Sang for My Father
		Five Easy Pieces
		Love Story
1971 (44th)				^[49]
		Sunday Bloody Sunday
		Kotch
Topol	Tevye	Fiddler on the Roof
1972 (45th)	§			^[50]
		Sleuth
		Sounder
1973 (46th)			Save the Tiger	^[51]
	Paul	Last Tango in Paris
		Serpico
1974 (47th)			Harry and Tonto	^[52]
		Murder on the Orient Express
		Lenny
		Chinatown
1975 (48th)			One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest	^[53]
		Dog Day Afternoon
		Give 'em Hell, Harry!
1976 (49th)	†		Network	^[54]
		Taxi Driver
		Seven Beauties
		Network
		Rocky
1977 (50th)				^[55]
		Annie Hall
		Equus
	Gabriele
		Saturday Night Fever
1978 (51st)			Coming Home	^[56]
		Heaven Can Wait
1979 (52nd)			Kramer vs. Kramer	^[57]
		...And Justice for All
		All That Jazz
		Being There

1980s

Year	Actor	Role(s)	Film
1980 (53rd)			Raging Bull	^[58]
		Tribute
1981 (54th)			On Golden Pond	^[59]
		Reds
		Atlantic City
		Arthur
		Absence of Malice
1982 (55th)			Gandhi	^[60]
		Tootsie
		Missing
		My Favorite Year
1983 (56th)			Tender Mercies	^[61]
		Educating Rita
		Reuben, Reuben
	Norman
	Sir
1984 (57th)			Amadeus	^[62]
	Scott Hayden / Starman	Starman
		Under the Volcano
		Amadeus
1985 (58th)			Kiss of the Spider Woman	^[63]
		Witness
		Murphy's Romance
		Prizzi's Honor
		Runaway Train
1986 (59th)				^[64]
		Round Midnight
	George	Mona Lisa
		Children of a Lesser God
		Salvador
1987 (60th)			Wall Street	^[65]
		Broadcast News
	Romano Patroni	Dark Eyes
		Ironweed
		Good Morning, Vietnam
1988 (61st)			Rain Man	^[66]
		Mississippi Burning
		Big
		Stand and Deliver
	Lassefar "Lasse" Karlsson	Pelle the Conqueror
1989 (62nd)			My Left Foot	^[67]
		Henry V
		Born on the Fourth of July
		Driving Miss Daisy
		Dead Poets Society

1990s

Year	Actor	Role(s)	Film
1990 (63rd)			Reversal of Fortune	^[68]
			Dances with Wolves
			Awakenings
			Cyrano de Bergerac
1991 (64th)				^[69]
			Bugsy
			Cape Fear
1992 (65th)			Scent of a Woman	^[70]
			Chaplin
			Unforgiven
		Fergus
		Malcolm Little / Malcolm X	Malcolm X
1993 (66th)			Philadelphia	^[71]
			In the Name of the Father
			What's Love Got to Do with It
			Schindler's List
1994 (67th)			Forrest Gump	^[72]
			Nobody's Fool
			Pulp Fiction
1995 (68th)			Leaving Las Vegas	^[73]
			Mr. Holland's Opus
			Nixon
			Dead Man Walking
	†
1996 (69th)			Shine	^[74]
			Jerry Maguire
			Sling Blade
1997 (70th)			As Good as It Gets	^[75]
			Good Will Hunting
			Ulee's Gold
			Wag the Dog
1998 (71st)			Life Is Beautiful	^[76]
			Saving Private Ryan
			Gods and Monsters
			Affliction
			American History X
1999 (72nd)			American Beauty	^[77]
			Sweet and Lowdown

2000s

Year	Actor	Role(s)	Film
2000 (73rd)			Gladiator	^[78]
		Before Night Falls
		Cast Away
		Pollock
		Quills
2001 (74th)			Training Day	^[79]
		I Am Sam
		Ali
		In the Bedroom
2002 (75th)				^[80]
		Adaptation.
		Gangs of New York
		About Schmidt
2003 (76th)			Mystic River	^[81]
		House of Sand and Fog
		Cold Mountain
		Lost in Translation
2004 (77th)			Ray	^[82]
		Hotel Rwanda
		Finding Neverland
		Million Dollar Baby
2005 (78th)			Capote	^[83]
	DJay	Hustle & Flow
		Brokeback Mountain
		Walk the Line
		Good Night, and Good Luck.
2006 (79th)				^[84]
		Blood Diamond
		Half Nelson
		Venus
2007 (80th)			There Will Be Blood	^[85]
		Michael Clayton
		Sweeney Todd: The Demon Barber of Fleet Street
		In the Valley of Elah
		Eastern Promises
2008 (81st)			Milk	^[86]
		Frost/Nixon
2009 (82nd)			Crazy Heart	^[87]
		Up in the Air
		Invictus

2010s

Year	Actor	Role(s)	Film
2010 (83rd)				^[88]
	Uxbal
		True Grit
		127 Hours
2011 (84th)				^[89]
		Tinker Tailor Soldier Spy
		Moneyball
2012 (85th)			Lincoln	^[90]
		Silver Linings Playbook
		Les Misérables
		Flight
2013 (86th)			Dallas Buyers Club	^[91]
		American Hustle
		Nebraska
		12 Years a Slave
2014 (87th)				^[92]
		Foxcatcher
		American Sniper
		Birdman
2015 (88th)				^[93]
		Trumbo
		Steve Jobs
2016 (89th)			Manchester by the Sea	^[94]
		Hacksaw Ridge
		La La Land
		Captain Fantastic
		Fences
2017 (90th)			Darkest Hour	^[95]
		Call Me by Your Name
		Phantom Thread
		Get Out
		Roman J. Israel, Esq.
2018 (91st)			Bohemian Rhapsody	^[96]
		Vice
		At Eternity's Gate
		Green Book
2019 (92nd)			Joker	^[97]
		Pain and Glory
		Once Upon a Time in Hollywood
		Marriage Story

2020s

Year	Actor	Role(s)	Film
2020/21 ^[98] (93rd)		Anthony		^[99]
			Sound of Metal
	†		Ma Rainey's Black Bottom
			Mank
			Minari
2021 (94th)			King Richard	^[100]
			Being the Ricardos
			Tick, Tick... Boom!
2022 (95th)		Charlie		^[101]
			Elvis
			Aftersun
			Living
2023 (96th)		J. Robert Oppenheimer		^[102]
	Leonard Bernstein	Maestro
	Bayard Rustin	Rustin
	Paul Hunham	The Holdovers
	Thelonious "Monk" Ellison	American Fiction

Multiple awards and nominations

The following individuals received two or more Best Actor awards:

Wins	Actor	Nominations
3	Daniel Day-Lewis	6
2	Spencer Tracy	9
	Jack Nicholson	8
	Marlon Brando	7
	Dustin Hoffman
	Gary Cooper	5
	Tom Hanks
	Fredric March
	Sean Penn
	Anthony Hopkins	4

The following individuals received three or more Best Actor nominations:

Nominations	Actor
9	Laurence Olivier
Spencer Tracy
8	Paul Newman
Jack Nicholson
Peter O'Toole
7	Marlon Brando
Dustin Hoffman
Jack Lemmon
Denzel Washington
6	Richard Burton
Daniel Day-Lewis
5	Gary Cooper
Robert De Niro
Leonardo DiCaprio
Tom Hanks
Fredric March
Paul Muni
Al Pacino
Gregory Peck
Sean Penn
James Stewart
4	Warren Beatty
Charles Boyer
Michael Caine
Bradley Cooper
Albert Finney
Anthony Hopkins
Burt Lancaster
3	Javier Bardem
Humphrey Bogart
Jeff Bridges
James Cagney
Montgomery Clift
George Clooney
Ronald Colman
Bing Crosby
Russell Crowe
Johnny Depp
Kirk Douglas
Robert Duvall
Morgan Freeman
Clark Gable
William Holden
William Hurt
Charles Laughton
Marcello Mastroianni
Viggo Mortensen
Gary Oldman
Joaquin Phoenix
William Powell
Will Smith
Jon Voight
Robin Williams

Age superlatives

Record	Actor	Film	Year	Age
Oldest Winner	Anthony Hopkins	The Father	2020	83	^[103]
Oldest Nominee
Youngest Winner	Adrien Brody	The Pianist	2002	29
Youngest Nominee	Jackie Cooper	Skippy	1931	9

Films with multiple Leading Actor nominations

Winners are in bold.

• Mutiny on the Bounty (1935) – Clark Gable, Charles Laughton, and Franchot Tone
• Going My Way (1944) – Bing Crosby and Barry Fitzgerald
• From Here to Eternity (1953) – Montgomery Clift and Burt Lancaster
• Giant (1956) – James Dean and Rock Hudson
• The Defiant Ones (1958) – Tony Curtis and Sidney Poitier
• Judgment at Nuremberg (1961) – Maximilian Schell and Spencer Tracy
• Becket (1964) – Richard Burton and Peter O'Toole
• Midnight Cowboy (1969) – Dustin Hoffman and Jon Voight
• Sleuth (1972) – Michael Caine and Laurence Olivier
• Network (1976) – Peter Finch and William Holden
• The Dresser (1983) – Tom Courtenay and Albert Finney
• Amadeus (1984) – F. Murray Abraham and Tom Hulce

Multiple character nominations

The following were nominated for their portrayals of the same fictional or non-fictional character in separate films (including variations of the original).

Winners are in bold.

• Cyrano de Bergerac from Cyrano de Bergerac (José Ferrer, 1950) & Cyrano de Bergerac (Gérard Depardieu, 1990)
• Eddie "Fast Eddie" Felson from The Hustler (Paul Newman, 1961) & The Color of Money (Paul Newman, 1986)
• Father Chuck O'Malley from Going My Way (Bing Crosby, 1944) & The Bells of St. Mary's (Bing Crosby, 1945)
• Joe Pendleton from Here Comes Mr. Jordan (Robert Montgomery, 1941) & Heaven Can Wait (Warren Beatty, 1978)
• King Henry II from Becket (Peter O'Toole, 1964) & The Lion in Winter (Peter O'Toole, 1968)
• King Henry V from Henry V (Laurence Olivier, 1946) & Henry V (Kenneth Branagh, 1989)
• King Henry VIII from The Private Life of Henry VIII (Charles Laughton, 1933), & Anne of the Thousand Days (Richard Burton, 1969)
• Mr. Chipping from Goodbye, Mr. Chips (Robert Donat, 1939) & Goodbye, Mr. Chips (Peter O'Toole, 1969)
• Norman Maine (/) from A Star Is Born (Fredric March, 1937) & A Star Is Born (James Mason, 1954)
  • Jackson "Jack" Maine from A Star Is Born (Bradley Cooper, 2018)
• President Abraham Lincoln from Abe Lincoln in Illinois (Raymond Massey, 1940) & Lincoln (Daniel Day-Lewis, 2012)
• President Richard Nixon from Nixon (Anthony Hopkins, 1995) & Frost/Nixon (Frank Langella, 2008)
• Professor Henry Higgins from Pygmalion (Leslie Howard, 1938) & My Fair Lady (Rex Harrison, 1964)
• Rooster Cogburn from True Grit (John Wayne, 1969) & True Grit (Jeff Bridges, 2010)
• Vincent van Gogh from Lust for Life (Kirk Douglas, 1956) & At Eternity's Gate (Willem Dafoe, 2018)

See also

• Academy Award for Best Actress
• All Academy Award acting nominees
• BAFTA Award for Best Actor in a Leading Role
• Critics' Choice Movie Award for Best Actor
• Golden Globe Award for Best Actor – Motion Picture Drama
• Golden Globe Award for Best Actor – Motion Picture Musical or Comedy
• Independent Spirit Award for Best Male Lead
• Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by a Male Actor in a Leading Role
• List of Academy Award–nominated films

Notes

A: According to longstanding Hollywood legend,^[104] reported by Susan Orlean,^[105] Rin Tin Tin actually received the most Best Actor votes, but the Academy (not wishing to give the first award to a dog) refactored the votes to ensure that Jannings won.

B:The Circus originally received three nominations: Best Director (Comedy Picture), Best Actor, and Best Writing (Original Story) for Charles Chaplin. However, the Academy subsequently decided to remove Chaplin's name from the competitive award categories and instead to confer upon him a Special Award "for acting, writing, directing and producing The Circus".

C: Rules at the time of the first three ceremonies allowed for a performer to receive a single nomination which could honor their work in more than one film. George Arliss, Maurice Chevalier, and Ronald Colman were all nominated for two different roles in the same category. Current Academy rules forbid this from happening. No official reason was ever given as to why Arliss won the award for only one of the two films he was listed for.^[106]

D: Fredric March received one more vote than Wallace Beery. Academy rules at that time considered such a close margin to be a tie, so both March and Beery received the award. Under the current rules, it is stipulated that a tie must result in the exact same number of votes.

E: As with the previous year, when the Academy relaxed the rules to allow write-in votes following the outcry over Bette Davis's snub for Of Human Bondage, the Academy permitted write-in votes this year as well. Thus, Paul Muni received a write-in nomination for his performance in Black Fury, and actually finished second in the votes. Although as with Davis the previous year, the Academy does not recognize these two as "official nominees", they are nevertheless listed on the official website amongst their respective years' nominations for posterity's sake.^[107]

F: Due to category confusion, Barry Fitzgerald received nominations (each for the same performance as Father Fitzgibbon in Going My Way) in both the leading and supporting actor categories for 1944, winning the Oscar for the latter. As a result of this fiasco, the Academy amended its rules so that if any actor or actress received enough votes to land in the final five nominees for both again, they would only receive the nomination for the category in which they obtained the larger percentage of recognition.^[108]

Bibliography

• Book: Crouse , Richard . Reel Winners: Movie Award Trivia . 2005 . 978-1-55002-574-3 . . . registration .
  • Book: Orlean , Susan . Rin Tin Tin: The Life and the Legend . 2011 . 978-1-43919-015-9 . . Simon & Schuster.
• Book: Osborne , Robert . 85 Years of the Oscar: The Complete History of the Academy Awards . 2013 . 978-078921-142-2 . . Abbeville Publishing Group.

External links

• Oscars.org (official Academy site)
• The Academy Awards Database (official site)
• Oscar.com (official ceremony promotional site)

Notes and References

1. News: Rule One: Award Definitions . 1 . August 30, 2013 . Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS) . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20141021054540/http://www.oscars.org/sites/default/files/87aa_rules.pdf . October 21, 2014.
2. News: Rule Six: Special Rules for the Acting Awards . 8-7 . August 30, 2013 . Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS) . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20141021054540/http://www.oscars.org/sites/default/files/87aa_rules.pdf . October 21, 2014.
3. News: Dirks. Tim. 1929–38 Academy Awards Winners and History. August 30, 2013. Filmsite. Rainbow Media. live. https://web.archive.org/web/20160829021512/http://www.filmsite.org/aa29.html. August 29, 2016.
4. News: The 1st Academy Awards (1929) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20150402003037/http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1929. April 2, 2015.
5. Web site: The first Oscars: what happened in 1929. Martin. Chilton. The Daily Telegraph. February 25, 2021. subscription. May 16, 2016. live. May 19, 2016. https://web.archive.org/web/20160519015239/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/films/2016/05/16/the-first-oscars-what-happened-in-1929/.
6. The 2nd Academy Awards is unique in being the only occasion where there were no official nominees. Subsequent research by AMPAS has resulted in a list of unofficial or de facto nominees, based on records of which films were evaluated by the judges.
7. News: The 2nd Academy Awards Nominees and Winners . August 27, 2013 . Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS) . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20150402002823/http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1930 . April 2, 2015.
8. News: The 3rd Academy Awards (1930) Nominees and Winners . August 27, 2013 . Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS) . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20160802115930/https://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1931 . August 2, 2016.
9. News: The 4th Academy Awards (1931) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20161102114813/https://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1932. November 2, 2016.
10. News: The 5th Academy Awards (1932) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20150402003113/http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1933. April 2, 2015.
11. News: The 6th Academy Awards (1933) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20170201231924/http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1934. February 1, 2017.
12. News: The 7th Academy Awards (1935) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20160702160154/https://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1935. July 2, 2016.
13. News: The 8th Academy Awards (1936) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20141111071955/http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1936. November 11, 2014.
14. News: The 9th Academy Awards (1937) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20160702160200/https://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1937. July 2, 2016.
15. News: The 10th Academy Awards (1938) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20160321113206/http://oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1938. March 21, 2016.
16. News: The 11th Academy Awards (1939) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20160702160206/https://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1939. July 2, 2016.
17. News: The 12th Academy Awards (1940) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20170128185131/https://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1940. January 28, 2017.
18. News: The 13th Academy Awards (1941) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20160321220635/http://oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1941. March 21, 2016.
19. News: The 14th Academy Awards (1942) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20150402003256/http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1942. April 2, 2015.
20. News: The 15th Academy Awards (1943) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20110706093739/http://www.oscars.org/awards/academyawards/legacy/ceremony/15th-winners.html. July 6, 2011.
21. News: The 16th Academy Awards (1944) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20160321095215/http://oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1944. March 21, 2016.
22. News: The 17th Academy Awards (1945) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20160702160225/https://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1945. July 2, 2016.
23. News: The 18th Academy Awards (1946) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20150402003401/http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1946. April 2, 2015.
24. News: The 19th Academy Awards (1947) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20150402003414/http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1947. April 2, 2015.
25. News: The 20th Academy Awards (1948) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20160702160236/https://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1948. July 2, 2016.
26. News: The 21st Academy Awards (1949) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20141111072021/http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1949. November 11, 2014.
27. News: The 22nd Academy Awards (1950) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20150402002854/http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1950. April 2, 2015.
28. News: The 23rd Academy Awards (1951) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20170128185155/https://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1951. January 28, 2017.
29. News: The 24th Academy Awards (1952) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20150402003505/http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1952. April 2, 2015.
30. News: The 25th Academy Awards (1953) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20141111074417/http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1953. November 11, 2014.
31. News: The 26th Academy Awards (1954) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20150402003527/http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1954. April 2, 2015.
32. News: The 27th Academy Awards (1955) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20141220053716/http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1955. December 20, 2014.
33. News: The 28th Academy Awards (1956) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20141111073646/http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1956. November 11, 2014.
34. News: The 29th Academy Awards (1957) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20150402003615/http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1957. April 2, 2015.
35. News: The 30th Academy Awards (1958) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20150402003629/http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1958. April 2, 2015.
36. News: The 31st Academy Awards (1959) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20150402003640/http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1959. April 2, 2015.
37. News: The 32nd Academy Awards (1960) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20160908182807/http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1960. September 8, 2016.
38. News: The 33rd Academy Awards (1961) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20150402003651/http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1961. April 2, 2015.
39. News: The 34th Academy Awards (1962) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20150402003704/http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1962. April 2, 2015.
40. News: The 35th Academy Awards (1963) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20160702160340/https://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1963. July 2, 2016.
41. News: The 36th Academy Awards (1964) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20150402003742/http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1964. April 2, 2015.
42. News: The 37th Academy Awards (1965) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20150402003759/http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1965. April 2, 2015.
43. News: The 38th Academy Awards (1966) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20150402003812/http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1966. April 2, 2015.
44. News: The 39th Academy Awards (1967) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20150402003824/http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1967. April 2, 2015.
45. News: The 40th Academy Awards (1968) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20150402003842/http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1968. April 2, 2015.
46. News: The 41st Academy Awards (1969) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20150402003856/http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1969. April 2, 2015.
47. News: The 42nd Academy Awards (1970) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20150402002922/http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1970. April 2, 2015.
48. News: The 43rd Academy Awards (1971) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20150402003910/http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1971. April 2, 2015.
49. News: The 44th Academy Awards (1972) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20150402003926/http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1972. April 2, 2015.
50. News: The 45th Academy Awards (1973) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20150402003938/http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1973. April 2, 2015.
51. News: The 46th Academy Awards (1974) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20150402003953/http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1974. April 2, 2015.
52. News: The 47th Academy Awards (1975) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20150402004005/http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1975. April 2, 2015.
53. News: The 48th Academy Awards (1976) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20150402004018/http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1976. April 2, 2015.
54. News: The 49th Academy Awards (1977) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20150402004041/http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1977. April 2, 2015.
55. News: The 50th Academy Awards (1978) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20150402004056/http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1978. April 2, 2015.
56. News: The 51st Academy Awards (1979) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20150402004111/http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1979. April 2, 2015.
57. News: The 52nd Academy Awards (1980) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20150402002939/http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1980. April 2, 2015.
58. News: The 53rd Academy Awards (1980) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20150402004127/http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1981. April 2, 2015.
59. News: The 54th Academy Awards (1982) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20150402004138/http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1982. April 2, 2015.
60. News: The 55th Academy Awards (1983) Nominees and Winners . August 27, 2013 . Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS) . dead . https://archive.today/20120905/http://www.oscars.org/awards/academyawards/legacy/ceremony/55th-winners.html . September 5, 2012.
61. News: The 56th Academy Awards (1984) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20150402004202/http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1984. April 2, 2015.
62. News: The 57th Academy Awards (1985) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20150402004214/http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1985. April 2, 2015.
63. News: The 58th Academy Awards (1986) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20150402004226/http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1986. April 2, 2015.
64. News: The 59th Academy Awards (1987) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20150402004243/http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1987. April 2, 2015.
65. News: The 60th Academy Awards (1988) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20150402004300/http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1988. April 2, 2015.
66. News: The 61st Academy Awards (1989) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20110706095646/http://www.oscars.org/awards/academyawards/legacy/ceremony/61st-winners.html. July 6, 2011.
67. News: The 62nd Academy Awards (1990) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20150402002952/http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1990. April 2, 2015.
68. News: The 63rd Academy Awards (1991) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20150402004341/http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1991. April 2, 2015.
69. News: The 64th Academy Awards (1992) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20150402004405/http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1992. April 2, 2015.
70. News: The 65th Academy Awards (1993) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20150402004418/http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1993. April 2, 2015.
71. News: The 66th Academy Awards (1994) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20150402004432/http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1994. April 2, 2015.
72. News: The 67th Academy Awards (1995) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20150402004445/http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1995. April 2, 2015.
73. News: The 68th Academy Awards (1996) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20150402004458/http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1996. April 2, 2015.
74. News: The 69th Academy Awards (1997) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20150402004512/http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1997. April 2, 2015.
75. News: The 70th Academy Awards (1998) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20150402004523/http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1998. April 2, 2015.
76. News: The 71st Academy Awards (1999) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20150402004536/http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1999. April 2, 2015.
77. News: The 72nd Academy Awards (2000) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20150402003006/http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/2000. April 2, 2015.
78. News: The 73rd Academy Awards (2001) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20150402004546/http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/2001. April 2, 2015.
79. News: The 74th Academy Awards (2002) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20150402004559/http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/2002. April 2, 2015.
80. News: The 75th Academy Awards (2003) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20150402004617/http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/2003. April 2, 2015.
81. News: The 76th Academy Awards (2004) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20150402004632/http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/2004. April 2, 2015.
82. News: The 77th Academy Awards (2005) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20170502002335/https://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/2005. May 2, 2017.
83. News: The 78th Academy Awards (2006) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20141109220946/http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/2006. November 9, 2014.
84. News: The 79th Academy Awards (2007) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20150402004711/http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/2007. April 2, 2015.
85. News: The 80th Academy Awards (2008) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20150402004725/http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/2008. April 2, 2015.
86. News: The 81st Academy Awards (2009) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20141110111206/http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/2009. November 10, 2014.
87. News: The 82nd Academy Awards (2010) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20120929191037/http://www.oscars.org/awards/academyawards/legacy/ceremony/82nd-winners.html. September 29, 2012.
88. News: The 83rd Academy Awards (2011) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20110505013733/http://www.oscars.org/awards/academyawards/83/nominees.html. May 5, 2011.
89. News: The 84th Academy Awards (2012) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20141015232303/http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/2012. October 15, 2014.
90. News: The 85th Academy Awards (2013) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20141014074656/http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/2013. October 14, 2014.
91. News: The 86th Academy Awards (2014) Nominees and Winners. April 10, 2014. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20141014193700/http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/2014. October 14, 2014.
92. News: The 87th Academy Awards (2015) Nominees and Winners. January 15, 2015. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20150310051043/http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/2015. March 10, 2015.
93. News: The 88th Academy Awards (2016) Nominees and Winners. January 14, 2016. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20160125161918/http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/2016. January 25, 2016.
94. News: The 89th Academy Awards (2017) Nominees and Winners. January 14, 2017. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20170303235233/https://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/2017. March 3, 2017.
95. News: The 90th Academy Awards (2018) Nominees and Winners. March 14, 2023. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20180401014317/https://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/2018. April 1, 2018.
96. News: The 91st Academy Awards (2019) Nominees and Winners. March 14, 2023. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20190301013541/https://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/2019. March 1, 2019.
97. News: The 92nd Academy Awards (2020) Nominees and Winners. March 14, 2023. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20200216103927/https://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/2020. February 16, 2020.
98. The eligibility period for the 93rd ceremony was extended through to February 28, 2021, due to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic.
99. News: The 93rd Academy Awards (2021) Nominees and Winners. March 14, 2023. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20210501233256/https://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/2021. May 1, 2021.
100. News: The 94th Academy Awards (2022) Nominees and Winners. March 14, 2023. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20220401051947/https://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/2022. April 1, 2022.
101. News: The 95th Academy Awards (2023) Nominees and Winners. March 14, 2023. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20230314145222/https://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/2023. March 14, 2023.
102. News: The 96th Academy Awards (2024) Nominees and Winners. March 24, 2024. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20240322080415/https://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/2024. March 22, 2024.
103. News: Oldest/Youngest Acting Nominees and Winners . September 16, 2014 . Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS) . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20090301005626/http://awardsdatabase.oscars.org/ampas_awards/help/helpMain.jsp?helpContentURL=statistics%2FindexStats.html . March 1, 2009.
104. News: The Dog Star . Susan . Orlean . August 29, 2011 . . January 25, 2015 . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20150128134105/http://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2011/08/29/the-dog-star . January 28, 2015. none.
105. News: Award posthumous Oscar to dog star Rin Tin Tin, says biographer . Xan . Brooks . . January 25, 2015 . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20150128112315/http://www.theguardian.com/film/2012/jan/04/award-oscar-dog-rin-tin-tin . January 28, 2015.
106. News: Rooney. David. On the double-bubble. Variety. August 30, 2013. November 25, 2003. live. https://web.archive.org/web/20150402113216/http://variety.com/2003/film/news/on-the-double-bubble-1117896294/. April 2, 2015.
107. Web site: Black Fury (1935) – Paul Muni Stars in Another Ripped from the Headlines Story. August 15, 2023. August 6, 2014. Alperti. Cliff. Immortal Ephemera. August 15, 2023. https://web.archive.org/web/20230815190937/https://immortalephemera.com/53841/black-fury-1935/. live.
108. Web site: Mosley . Matthew . This Was the Only Time an Actor Was Oscar-Nominated in Two Categories for the Same Film . . 16 August 2023 . en-US . 18 July 2023 . August 16, 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230816053710/https://collider.com/barry-fitzgerald-going-my-way-oscar-nominations/#:~:text=Crosby%20may%20have%20played%20the,Paramount%20in%20an%20awkward%20spot. . live .