Bertiella studeri explained

Bertiella studeri is a species of Bertiellia, a type of cestodes (tapeworms). It is a parasite of primates which was first described in the rhesus macaque (Macaca mulatta) in 1940.^[1] The intermediate host are oribatid mites,^[1] which ingest the eggs, and are themselves ingested by the vertebrate host. Oribatid mites infected with Bertiella transfer the developmental cysticercoid stage to a human host through tissue feeding.

This is one of two species of Bertiella that cause Bertielliasis in humans (the other being Bertiella mucronata).^[2] The majority of human cases occur in individuals who have some level of contact with non-humanprimates.^[3] Geographic distribution of cases demonstrate Bertiellia infection within countries from Asia, Africa, and the Americas.

Morphology

An adult B. studeri tapeworm measures 10–30 cm long, and is 1 cm wide.^[4] The adult develops in the small intestine of the primate host.^[4] Once the adult develops in the small intestine, section of proglottid are expelled through the anus every 2 to 3 days. The average length of a B. Studeri proglottid segment is 0.1 cm with an average width ranging from 0.68 to 1.10 cm.^[5] B. Studeri infection in humans is usually asymptomatic. Although, infection can also lead to gastrointestinal irritation, diarrhea, abdominal pain, anorexia, weight loss, vomit and/or constipation.^[6]

Notes and References

1. Galán-Puchades. Maria Teresa. Vicent Fuentes. Marius. Mas-Coma. Santiago. Morphology of Bertiella studeri (Blanchard, 1891) sensu Stunkard (1940) (Cestoda: Anoplocephalidae) of human origin and a proposal of criteria for the specific diagnosis of bertiellosis. Folia Parasitologica. 1 March 2000. 47. 1. 23–28. 10.14411/fp.2000.005. 10833012. free.
2. Book: Szyfres. B. Acha. PN. Zoonoses and communicable diseases common to man and animals. 2003. Pan American Health Organization. Washington, D.C.. 9789275119938. 160–161. 3rd. Bertielliasis. https://archive.org/details/zoonosescommunic0000acha/page/160.
3. Web site: CDC - DPDX - Bertiella Infection. 30 May 2019.
4. Book: Baker. D. Flynn's Parasites of Laboratory Animals.. 2008. John Wiley & Sons. Hoboken. 9780470344170. 706. 2nd. Bertiella studeri.
5. 3291388 . 16634184 . 10.3201/eid1201.050579 . 12 . 1 . Bertiella studeri infection, China . 2006 . Emerg Infect Dis . 176–7 . Sun . X . Fang . Q . Chen . XZ . Hu . SF . Xia . H . Wang . XM.
6. 4660458 . 26603236 . 10.1590/S0036-46652015000500015 . 57 . 5 . FIRST CASE OF HUMAN INFECTION BY Bertiella studeri (Blanchard, 1891) Stunkard,1940 (Cestoda; Anoplocephalidae) IN BRAZIL . 2015 . Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo . 447–50 . Lopes . VV . dos Santos . HA . Silva . AV . Fontes . G . Vieira . GL . Ferreira . AC . da Silva . ES.