Bernard Konrad Świerczyński Explained

Bernard Konrad Świerczyński
Birth Name:Bernard Konrad Świerczyński
Birth Date:20 August 1922
Death Place:Warsaw, Republic of Poland
Burial Place:Powązki Cemetery
Occupation:Journalist
Organization:Syndicalist Brigade
Mother:Janina Świerczyńska
Father:Konrad Świerczyński
Spouse:Halina Goldberg

Bernard Konrad Świerczyński (20 August 1922 – 31 October 2002) was a journalist, writer, and anarchist activist. During the occupation of Poland he provided help to Jews in Warsaw and was subsequently awarded the title of Righteous Among the Nations by Yad Vashem.

Biography

Early life

Świerczyński was raised in a left-wing family in the Wola district of Warsaw. The only surviving child of 8 siblings his family spoke the Wiech variant (named after Stefan Wiechecki) of the Warsaw subdialect at home.[1] His father, Konrad, was a member of the Polish Association of Freethinkers and the Anarchist Federation of Poland. As a teenager he was removed from school by his parents to avoid religious classes and was instead tutored by the anarchist Aniela Wolberg.[2]

WWII

Following the Nazi occupation of Poland and the establishment of the Warsaw Ghetto on the orders of the General Government, Świerczyński began smuggling food, medicines, weapons and communications to Jewish friends and acquaintances living there.[3] Through his acquaintance with the left-wing activist Stanisław Skrypij, Świerczyński was aware of the mass murder of Jews at Treblinka.[4] As such he helped Jews who escaped the Ghetto by hiding them in his family home. Jewish people he helped included fellow anarchists Marek Lőw, Stefania Marek and her mother following their escape from a concentration camp at Falenty. He also helped Jews he had known before the war such as Freda Hoffman Zgodzinski and his future wife Halina Goldberg.[5]

After the war

On 30 January 1972, Yad Vashem awarded Świerczyński the title of Righteous Among the Nations[6]

Death

Świerczyński died on 31 October 2002 in his native Warsaw.[7]

Publications

Notes and References

  1. Web site: Imię: Bernard Konrad Nazwisko: Świerczyński . getto.pl . 21 April 2024 . Polish.
  2. Web site: Aleksiun . Natalia . The story of Bernard Konrad Świerczyński . sprawiedliwi.org.pl . 21 April 2024 . November 2016.
  3. Web site: Schmidt . Michael . The Untold Story of Polish Anarchist Resistance . 21 April 2024 . 6–7 . 2021.
  4. News: Świerczyński . Bernard Konrad . Dlatego trzeba… . 21 April 2024 . Tygodnik Przegląd . 1 April 2019 . Polish.
  5. Web site: Aleksiun . Natalia . The story of Bernard Konrad Świerczyński . sprawiedliwi.org.pl . 20 April 2024 . November 2016.
  6. Web site: Aleksiun . Natalia . The story of Bernard Konrad Świerczyński . sprawiedliwi.org.pl . 21 April 2024 . November 2016.
  7. Web site: Marek . Pawel Lew . Biographies of Syndicalists and anarcho-syndicalists . theanarchistlibrary.org . 21 April 2024 . July 2007.