Benoît Vermander Explained

Benoît Vermander (born 1960), also known as Wei Mingde and Bendu, is a French Jesuit, sinologist, political scientist, and painter. He is currently professor of religious sciences at Fudan University, Shanghai,^{[1] [2]} as well as academic director of the Xu-Ricci Dialogue Center within the University.^[3] He has been director of the Taipei Ricci Institute from 1996 to 2009 and the editor-in-chief of its electronic magazine erenlai. He is also consultor to the Pontifical Council for Inter-religious Dialogue.^{[4] [5]} He holds a M.Phil in political science from Yale University, a doctorate in the same discipline from Institut d’Etudes Politiques de Paris, a Master of Sacred Theology from Fu Jen Catholic University (Taiwan) and a Doctorate in Sacred Theology from the Jesuit Faculties of Philosophy and Theology of Paris (Centre Sevres).

His research and publications focus on China's model of development and its role in the globalization process, on Chinese religions and spiritual traditions, as well as on the role and status of traditional wisdom, rituals, and civil religion in contemporary societies.^[6]

China's model of development and role in globalization

He has highlighted and analyzed the systemic relationship between globalization and the rise of China (La Chine ou le temps retrouvé, les figures de la mondialisation et l’ascension chinoise, Academia-Bruyant, 2008 ^[7]). He has enlarged this research to the external and internal factors explaining the rise of Corporate Social Responsibility in China (Corporate Social responsibility in China,^[8] World Scientific, 2014).^{[9] [10]}

His research on the effect of globalization on the Chinese local fabric has also given rise to a case-study on Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture, Sichuan (L’Enclos à moutons, Les Indes savantes, 2007). This case-study was linked to a local developmental project led together with Professor Stevan Harrell, University of Washington, and a group of Yi scholars.^[11]

Chinese religions and spiritualities

Under his Chinese name Wei Mingde, he has published several books in China and Taiwan, some of which are translated from French or English.

Several of his publications deal with the transformations of the Chinese religious landscape and the way Christianity contributes to them while being affected by the trends that redefine China's self-understanding of its cultural tradition (Shanghai Sacred, 2018; Le Christ Chinois, DDB, 1998; Les mandariniers de la rivière Huai, DDB, 2002; L’Empire sans milieu, DDB, 2010). In the latter book and several articles he analyzes how China's religious revival goes along the redefinition of the traditional Chinese religious psyche and societal forms.^{[12] [13]} He also writes on the spiritual dimension of Chinese ancient philosophy and the way its re-interpretation may enrich today's spiritual quest in interreligious perspective.^[14] In Shanghai Sacred, published in collaboration with Liz Hingley and Liang Zhang, he combines the study of Chinese religions in urban settings with the one of the current expressions of Chinese 'civil religions.'^[15]

This research on the genealogy and expression of civil religions is continued, in different context, in Versailles, la République et la Nation,^[16] centered on evolving expressions of social sacrality in comparative perspective.^[17] In the same line, he has written several contribution on the current trend of “religious sinicization”^{[18] [19] [20]} as well as on China-Vatican relationships.^{[21] [22]}

His book Comment lire les classiques chinois ? (How to read the Chinese classics?) shows the organic unity of the corpus constituted by ancient Chinese classics, built around a reflexive apprehension of our bodily experiences, and traces the way to a shared reading of the classics around which humankind gathers.^[23]

Wisdoms, classics and rituals

In several contributions he crossed the study of classical texts with that of rituals and modes of governance of local societies, notably in several Asian contexts, bringing to light the "wisdoms" that the practices of these societies still harbour.^{[24] [25]} This study of the intersections of classics, wisdoms and rituals focuses in particular on the study of civilizational complexes formed around cereal cultures.^[26]

Art

Under the art name Bendu, he also creates works of Chinese painting and calligraphy.^{[27] [28]} He studied under the Sichuanese painter Li Jinyuan.^[29] In concert with Li Jinyuan, he held expositions at the Réfectoire des Jacobins (Toulouse, 1996), the European Parliament (Strasbourg, 1996), the National Gallery (Beijing, 1997) and Gallery of Sichuan (Chengdu, 1997). He has held solo exhibitions at Fu Jen University (Taipei, 1993), University of San Francisco (1999), The French Institute in Taipei (2002), Chengdu's Academy of Painting and Calligraphy (2002), Beida Centre (Tainan, 2004), Kwanghua Centre (Hong Kong, 2005), the Tibeto-Mongolian Foundation (Taipei, 2008), Sunbow Gallery (Shanghai, 2008), Xuhui Art Museum (Shanghai, 2014),^[30] Open Space Gallery in Shanghai (2017),^[31] Ancienne Banque de France in Lens, North of France (2019)^[32] and ICICLE Space in Shanghai (2022)^[33] and in Paris (2024)^[34] amongst various other places.^[35] In January 2023, his paintings are featured in the opening of the bookshop-gallery "Book Maoxiang" in Suzhou.^[36] His works were also the focus of a series of artistic events organized in Parc Hangzhou during autumn 2023.^[37] He has published several collections of poems and paintings, in both Taiwan and China.

His art is characterized by the use of audacious calligraphic strokes, the influence of the landscapes and patterns of Tibeto-Burman ethnic groups in south western China and the blending of traditions and techniques.^[38]

Some of his works can be seen at this virtual gallery.

Artworks and exhibitions

• The Allure of the Brush (L'Attrait du trait), Paris, Espace culturel ICICLE, January 19 - February 29 2024.
• West Lake Script / 西湖剧本, Hangzhou, ArtSpace, August 19 - October 2 2023.
• The Art of Observing Water / 观水有术. Shanghai, ICICLE Space, 2022.
• Light in the Night. A Dialogue on Art, Philosophy and life between Li Shuang and Benoît Vermander, Shanghai, Shanghai Literature and Art Press, 2019.
• Seeing the Mountain, Drawing the City (with Liang Zhun), Shanghai, Xuhui Art Museum, 2014.
• Taiwan's Color Code (photos albums, bilingual Chinese-English), Shanghai, AZ Cultural Enterprise, 2010.
• Senlin zhong de banmangren (Half-Blind in the Forest), Shanghai, Sunbow Gallery, 2008.
• Youmu jiyi (Nomadic Memory), Taipei, Renlai, 2008.
• Les deux nuits de Jacob (poetry and paintings, French and Chinese), Taipei, Taipei Ricci Institute, 2002.
• Tianlu licheng (Pilgrim's Progress), in collaboration with Li Jinyuan, Sichuan People's Art Press, 1997.
• Chuangsheji (Genesis), Hsinchuang, Fu Jen Faculty of Theology, 1995.

Distinctions

• Corbay Prize (2022), awarded by the Académie des Sciences Morales et Politiques for L'Homme et le grain. Une histoire céréalière des civilisations (Les Belles Lettres).^[39]
• Winner of the Annual Best Essay Award delivered by Dao, A Journal of Comparative Philosophy.^[40]
• He has been selected in October 2014 as one of the 50 personalities having most influenced the dialogue between China and France in the last 50 years ^[41]
• Knight in the Ordre des Palmes académiques
• Auguste Pavie Prize (2013) awarded by Académie des Sciences d’Outremer for “Les Jésuites et la Chine”^[42]
• Albert Thibaudet Prize (2011) for “L’Empire sans Milieu”

Selected publications

The complete list can be found here.

• Textual Patterns and Cosmic Designs in Early China, May 2024 ISBN 9781032735467
• Upon the Rock. The Spiritual Exercises and the Transformation of Christian Existence. (建在磐石上：《神操》與基督徒生活的轉變), Taipei, Manna Culture, 2023 
• The Encounter of Chinese and Western Philosophies. A Critique. De Gruyter, published: September 5, 2023 Open access
• The Power of Ritual. New Perspectives in Social Anthropology. (礼仪之力：社会人类学的新视角), Shanghai, Zhongxi shuju, 2023.
• Les Exercices Spirituels d’Ignace de Loyola. Une version contemporaine. Paris : Editions Jésuites, 2022
• Comment lire les classiques chinois ? Paris, Les Belles Lettres, 2022,
• L’Homme et le grain. Une histoire céréalière des civilisations, Alain Bonjean and Benoît Vermander, Paris, Les Belles Lettres, 2021.
• Cereals, Rituals, and Social Structure, In Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Anthropology. Oxford University Press, 2018. Article published April 26, 2021.
• 《詮釋三角。漢學、比較經學與跨文化神學的形成與互動》[The Hermeneutical Triangle: The Formation and Interaction of Sinology, Comparative Classics and Cross-cultural Theology] 謝華、沈秀臻、魯進、陳文飛 譯。 台北： 台北利氏學社， 2021, 367 p. Mainland China edition : 诠释三角：汉学、比较经学与跨文化神学的形成与互动; Fudan University Press, 2022.
• Que cette demeure est donc précaire ! De Chine, penser en pandémie, Paris, Lessius, 2020
• Versailles, la République et la Nation, Paris, Les Belles Lettres, 2018
• Shanghai Sacred. The religious landscape of a global city (with Liz Hingley and Liang Zhang), Seattle University of Washington Press, 2018.
• Dancing over the Bridge. Cross-cultural Dialogue and Encounters (wu zai qiao shang, kuawenhua xinagyu yu duihua, en Chinois), (in collaboration with Lu Jin), Beijing, Peking University Press, 2016.
• Culture et Spiritualité (wenhua yu lingixng, en Chinois) (edited with Claire Shen Xiuzhen), Shanghai, Zhongxi shuju, 2016.
• Corporate Social Responsibility in China: A Vision, an Assessment and a Blueprint, World Scientific, Singapore, 2014.
• Les Jésuites et la Chine, Bruxelles, Lessius, 2012.
• Dialogue as a game (duihua ru youxi), Beijing, Beijing Commercial Press, 2012.(in Chinese)
• A reader of Ancient Roman Religion (gu luoma zongjiao duben), with WU Yaling, Beijing, Beijing Commercial Pres, 2012. (in Chinese)
• L'Empire sans milieu, essai sur la 'sortie de la religion' en Chine, DDB, Paris, 2010.
• Shamanism and Christianity: Religious Encounter among Indigenous Peoples of East Asia (edited by Olivier Lardinois and Benoît Vermander). Taipei, Taipei Ricci Institute, 2008.
• La Chine ou le temps retrouvé, les figures de la mondialisation et l’ascension chinoise. Louvain, Academia-Bruyant, 2008.
• Chine brune ou Chine verte, les dilemmes de l’Etat-parti. Paris, Presses de Sciences Po, 2007.
• Sagesse chinoise et méditation chrétienne. Paris, Arsis, 2007.
• L’enclos à moutons, un village nuosu au sud-ouest de la Chine. Paris, Les Indes savantes, 2007.
• Creeds, Rites and Videotapes: Narrating religious experience in East Asia, edited by Elise Anne DeVido and Benoit Vermander, Taipei, Taipei Ricci Institute, 2004.
• Environmental Protection and Humanist Wisdom (edited by Tyl, D., Vermander, B.). Taipei, Kuangchi Cultural Enterprise, 2002. (in Chinese)
• Peace Education. (ed.), Taipei, Kuangchi Cultural Enterprise, 2001. (in Chinese)
• Les mandariniers de la rivière Huai, le réveil religieux de la Chine, Paris, DDB, 2002
• Heart of Heaven and Heart of Man (edited by Fuxing, D., Shen, V., Vermander, B.). Taipei, Li-hsü publishing house, 1999. (in Chinese)
• Harmony, Exchange and Conflict (edited by Vermander, B.). Chengdu, Sichuan People's publishing house, 1999. (in Chinese)
• Le Christ chinois, héritages et espérance (sous la direction de B. Vermander), Paris, DDB, 1998.

External links

• Bibliography
• Xu-Ricci Dialogue Institute
• Interreligious Dialogue in Asia: A look at the past to understand the future January 2019
• The Birth of a Pan-Asian Theology: Under the sign of harmony
• Video interview on The Roundtable Perspective
• An article of Benoît Vermander published in “The Way”: “Exile and Virtual Space: The New Frontiers in Interreligous Dialogue”
• Benoît Vermander's speech during a conference on communication in Taipei (2009)
• eRenlai Magazine website
• An article of Bendu about his ink paintings
• Bendu's poems on the Pescadores Archipelago
• A short film of Bendu : 'Good morning Changxi village !'

Notes and References

1. Web site: 提示信息. philosophy.fudan.edu.cn.
2. News: The rise of Christianity in China. Financial Times . 2014-11-07.
3. Web site: Faguowenhua . 2014-11-19 . https://web.archive.org/web/20141129045858/http://www.faguowenhua.com/arts-et-culture/litterature-17/conference-jesuits-and-china-by-benoit-vermander.html?lang=en . 2014-11-29 .
4. http://www.ucanews.com/story-archive/?post_name=/2007/11/21/jesuit-scholar-appointed-consultor-to-pontifical-council-for-interreligious-dialogue&post_id=28009 Jesuit Scholar Appointed Consultor To Pontifical Council for Interreligious Dialogue” November 21, 2007
5. http://www.pcinterreligious.org/uploads/pdfs/2013_IDD.pdf Interreligious Dialogue Directory, 2013
6. Web site: Asian Theological Resources on Conflict and Reconciliation . 2023-09-06 . Centre for Catholic Studies . en-US.
7. Benoît Vermander, Chine brune ou Chine verte? Les dilemmes de l'État-Parti. China Perspectives. 2008. Jean-Paul. Maréchal. 1 December 2008. 2008/4. 109–111. 10.4000/chinaperspectives.4757. chinaperspectives.revues.org. free.
8. Web site: SJAPC.
9. http://www.ucanews.com/news/will-chinese-firms-ever-take-social-responsibility-seriously/69523 Will Chinese firms ever take social responsibility seriously? Amid the scandals, there are signs of progress” October 22, 2013
10. http://www.asiancenturyinstitute.com/economy/461-csr-with-chinese-characteristics CSR Interview
11. http://www.coolmountainfund.com/Wordpress/who-we-are/ Cool Mountains Education Fund – Who We Are
12. http://chinaperspectives.revues.org/4917 “Religious Revival and Exit from Religion in Contemporary China”, China Perspectives, 2009/4
13. Web site: Analysis: La Civiltà Cattolica and the 'sinicization' of Catholicism – Catholic World Report. www.catholicworldreport.com. en-US. 2018-05-04.
14. http://president.georgetown.edu/inculturation/vermander/index.html “Vermander on Spiritual Paths”
15. Web site: Shanghai Sacred Reading Religion. readingreligion.org. 2019-03-11.
16. Book: Versailles, la République et la Nation - Benoît VERMANDER. 2018-09-19. 978-2-251-44844-2. fr-FR. Vermander. Benoît. Les Belles Lettres .
17. Web site: Interview de Benoît Vermander dans Le Point : "Le pouvoir chinois presse les religions de se siniser" . October 2018 . fr.
18. Web site: Analysis: La Civiltà Cattolica and the 'sinicization' of Catholicism. Andrea Gagliarducci. Catholic News Agency. en. 2019-03-11.
19. Vermander. Benoît. February 2019. Sinicizing Religions, Sinicizing Religious Studies. Religions. en. 10. 2. 137. 10.3390/rel10020137. free.
20. Web site: The Donatist Temptation: Controversy in Catholic China. 5 May 2020.
21. News: There's a lack of trust between China and the Vatican. La Croix International.
22. News: China and Vatican sign historic deal over bishop appointments (Paywall). Financial Times.
23. News: 2022-05-31 . A Shanghaï, le philosophe jésuite ne mâche plus ses mots . fr . Le Monde.fr . 2022-06-30.
24. Book: Bonjean . Alain . Vermander . Benoît . L'Homme et le grain. Une histoire céréalière des civilisations . 2021 . Les Belles Lettres . Paris . 978-2-251-45235-7.
25. Web site: Vermander . Benoît . The "Axial Age" and the Invention of a Shared Future . La Civiltà Cattolica. 5 October 2021 .
26. Book: Vermander . Benoit . "Cereals, rituals and social structure" in Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Anthropology . 2021 . 10.1093/acrefore/9780190854584.013.522 . 978-0-19-085458-4 .
27. Web site: http://www.artist1.tw/blog/blog_mu.php?main_id=erenlai&mode=detail&id=189. zh:部落格, 台灣藝術家網站, 收藏家與藝術家平台,畫廊,畫作買賣,藝術,圖庫,畫框,畫作翻拍,電子書製作,網站設計,藝術,油畫,水彩畫,國畫. 以力數位行銷有限公司,www.isreal.com.tw. 2015-04-29. https://web.archive.org/web/20150204115548/http://artist1.tw/blog/blog_mu.php?mode=detail&id=189&main_id=erenlai. 2015-02-04. dead.
28. Web site: Benoit Vermander, aka Bendu, talks about what drew him to painting and Chinese calligraphy. .
29. Web site: Swancutt . Katherine . Crafting Chinese Memories: The Art and Materiality of Storytelling . Berghann .
30. Web site: http://www.xuhuiartmuseum.com/info/216/. zh:"见山画城"梁准摄影、笨笃绘画展 - 徐汇艺术馆.
31. Web site: 上海新华发行集团. www.shxinhua.net. 2018-05-04.
32. Web site: Lens La Chine se décline en peinture à l'ancienne Banque de France. La Voix du Nord. 2019-04-24.
33. Web site: 一周观展指南｜贺友直纪念展将落幕，纽约展出玛雅艺术 . 2022-12-05 . m.thepaper.cn.
34. Web site: Presentation and photos of the exhibition at Espace cuturel ICICLE in Paris .
35. Web site: List of exhibitions by Jesuit artist Benoit Vermander. Liste des expositions de l'artiste jésuite Benoît Vermander - Benoit Vermander's Artwork.
36. Web site: Exploring art is the elephant in the room . 2023-01-10 . SHINE . en.
37. Web site: WestLake Script: The Usefulness of the Uselessness of "Shan Shui" .
38. Web site: Beauty of Culture Blend: A French Master of the Chinese Classical "Three Perfections" (Marine Cabos, Shanghai Daily) | Maverlinn . www.maverlinn.com . 22 May 2022 . https://archive.today/20150429035802/http://www.maverlinn.com/zh-hans/node/307 . 29 April 2015 . dead.
39. Web site: Palmarès 2022 .
40. Web site: 2021 Dao Annual Best Essay Award Winner . 2022-06-30 . phil.arts.cuhk.edu.hk.
41. Web site: 50 ans 50 personnes : les personnalités qui ont marqué les relations sino-françaises. Sofia.
42. Web site: Prix Auguste Pavie. seb.