Bellow (sound) explained

Bellow is a type of animal vocalization common amongst bulls and other large animals such as rhinoceros, bison, yak, and red deer. It's a form of roaring and reverberating sound.^{[1] [2] [3]} Also, the bull snake bellows and hisses as its defensive sounds, It bellows at first in a short period high amplitude, followed by a longer period of low amplitude before it maintains a constant sound.^[4]

Bugles are also a form of vocalization in cattle, except that it is of high frequency while bellows are of low frequency measured in Hertz (Hz). The frequency of bellows and bugles depends on factors such as gender, species of cattle, and environment, with many anatomical patterns in the vocal production of the sounds.^[5]

In cows

Another sound a cow makes is mooing, and they do so to show anger, find other herds, and find their mates. Bulls also bellow to show contentment.^{[6] [7]}

Notes and References

1. Ilya . Volodin . Bull bellows and bugles: a remarkable convergence of low and high-frequency vocalizations between male domestic cattle Bos taurus and the rutting calls of Siberian and North American wapiti . Bioacoustics. 2017 . 26 . 3 . 271–284 . 10.1080/09524622.2016.1275805. 2017Bioac..26..271V . 13877123 .
2. Web site: Arthur.M . 2022-09-21 . What animal bellows? - Science-Culture . 2023-02-14 . Sciences-Culture . en.
3. News: Scientists investigate deer that sounds just like a Nazgûl . Christian Science Monitor . 2023-02-14 . 0882-7729.
4. Young . B. A. . Sheft . S. . Yost . W. . 1995-12-15 . Sound production in Pituophis melanoleucus (Serpentes: Colubridae) with the first description of a vocal cord in snakes . The Journal of Experimental Zoology . 273 . 6 . 472–481 . 10.1002/jez.1402730604 . 0022-104X . 8568501.
5. Green . Alexandra . Vocal individuality of Holstein-Friesian cattle is maintained across putatively positive and negative farming contexts . Scientific Reports. 2019 . 9 . 1 . 18468 . 10.1038/s41598-019-54968-4 . 31804583 . 6895157 . 2019NatSR...918468G .
6. Web site: What are cows communicating when they moo? . 2023-02-14 . BBC Science Focus Magazine . en-US.
7. Web site: Magazine . Smithsonian . Katz . Brigit . Cows Communicate With Unique Moos . 2023-02-14 . Smithsonian Magazine . en.