Bell 47 Explained

The Bell 47 is a single-rotor single-engine light helicopter manufactured by Bell Helicopter. It was based on the third Bell 30 prototype, which was the company's first helicopter designed by Arthur M. Young. The 47 became the first helicopter certified for civilian use on 8 March 1946.^{[1] [2]} The first civilian delivery was made on 31 December 1946 to Helicopter Air Transport.^[3] More than 5,600 Bell 47s were produced, including those under license by Agusta in Italy, Kawasaki Heavy Industries in Japan, and Westland Aircraft in the United Kingdom. The Bell 47J Ranger is a modified version with a fully enclosed cabin and tail boom.

Design and development

Early models varied in appearance, with open cockpits or sheet metal cabins, fabric covered or open structures, some with four-wheel landing gear.Later model D and Korean War H-13D and E types settled on a more utilitarian style. The most common model, the 47G introduced in 1953, can be recognized by the full "soap bubble" canopy,^[4] exposed welded-tube tail boom, saddle fuel tanks and skid landing gear.

The later three-seat 47H had an enclosed cabin with full cowling and monocoque tail boom. It was an attempt to market a "luxury" version of the basic 47G. Relatively few were produced.

Engines were Franklin or Lycoming vertically mounted piston engines of 175 to 305 HP (130 to 227 kW). Seating varied from two (early 47s and the later G-5A) to four (the J and KH-4).

In April 2011 there were 1068 registered with the Federal Aviation Administration in the United States^[5] and 15 in the United Kingdom.^[6]

Bell 47s were produced in Japan by a Bell and Kawasaki venture; this led to the Kawasaki KH-4 variant, a four-seat version of the Model 47 with a cabin similar to the Bell 47J. It differed from the "J" in having a standard uncovered tail boom and fuel tanks like the G series. It was sold throughout Asia, and some were used in Australia.

In February 2010, the Bell 47 type certificates were transferred to Scott's Helicopter Services.^[7] The sister company that was formed, Scott's - Bell 47, is in the process of starting production of a turboshaft powered version of the Bell 47, the 47GT-6, using a Rolls-Royce RR300 engine and with composite rotor blades, with deliveries planned from 2016.^[8]

Operational history

The Bell 47 entered US military service in late 1946, and operated in a variety of versions and under different designations for three decades. It was designated H-13 Sioux by the US Army, and during the Korean War, it served a variety of roles, including reconnaissance and scouting, search and rescue, and medevac.

The "Telecopter" was a Bell 47 rented by television station KTLA in Los Angeles, California. It was outfitted with a television camera and it made the worlds first flight by a television news helicopter on July 3, 1958, with its inventor, John D. Silva, aboard. When the television station reported it was receiving no video, Silva exited the helicopters cockpit to climb onto its landing skid while it hovered at 1,500 feet (457 m) so he could investigate the microwave transmitter bolted to its side, where he discovered a vacuum tube had failed due to vibration and hot weather. After Silva fixed the problem overnight, the Telecopter made the world's first successful television news flight on July 4, 1958.^[9]

The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) had a number of Bell 47s during the Apollo program, used by astronauts as trainers for the lunar lander. Apollo 17 commander Eugene Cernan had a nearly disastrous crash into the Indian River in Florida in 1971, before his flight to the Moon.^[10] The 47 has also served as the helicopter of choice for basic helicopter flight instruction in many countries.

Records

• 13 May 1949, a Bell 47 set an altitude record of 18550feet.^[11]
• 21 September 1950, first helicopter to fly over the Alps.^[11]
• 17 September 1952, Bell pilot Elton J. Smith set a world distance record for piston helicopters of 1217miles by flying nonstop from Hurst, Texas, to Buffalo, New York.^[11] As of 2018, this record still stands.^[12]

Variants

Section source: Complete Encyclopedia^[13]

Civilian

47: Pre-production version, powered by a 178hp Franklin piston engine. Ten pre-production examples built, which varied in appearance.

47A: Improved version of the Bell 47, powered by a 175hp Franklin O-335-1 piston engine.

47B: Equivalent to the military YR-13/HTL-1, powered by the 175hp Franklin O-335-1.

47B-3: Agricultural/utility version with open crew positions. Also, offered in a version to the US Postal Service as the Bell Airmailer .^[14]

47C

47D: First to appear with a molded "soap bubble" canopy.

47D-1: Introduced in 1949, it had an open tubework tail boom reminiscent of the Bell Model 30 and three seats.

47E: Powered by a 200hp Franklin 6V4-200-C32 engine.

47F

47G: Combines a 149kW Franklin engine with the three-seat configuration of the 47D-1 and introduced the twin saddle-bag fuel tank configuration.

47G-2: Powered by the Lycoming VO-435 engine. Produced under license by Westland Aircraft as the Sioux for the UK military.

47G-2A: Powered by a 179kW VO-435.

47G-2A-1: Wider cabin, improved rotor blades and increased fuel capacity.

47G-3: Powered by a supercharged 168kW Franklin 6VS-335-A.

47G-3B: Powered by a turbocharged 209kW Lycoming TVO-435.

47G-4: Three-seat helicopter powered by an Avco Lycoming VO-540 engine.

47G-5: A three-seat utility version. A two-seat agricultural version was later known as the Ag-5. The 47G-5 remained in production even after H & J production had ended.

Bell 47H-1: A three-seat version with an enclosed cabin and fuselage.

47J Ranger

A four-seat version powered by a VO-435 engine.

47K

Military two-seat training variant of the 47J.

Military

See H-13 Sioux

Licensed versions

Agusta A.115 1971 Italian prototype of a Bell 47J with an unclad, tubular tail boom, and powered by a Turbomeca Astazou II turboshaft engineMeridionali/Agusta EMA 124 Italian prototype with redesigned forward fuselage. Not produced.^{[15] [16]}

Kawasaki KH-4 Japanese production version with redesigned, lengthened cabin, and redesigned control system

Conversions

Carson Super C-4El Tomcat Mk.II Bell 47G-2 modified extensively for agricultural spraying by Continental Copters Inc. First flew in April 1959, followed by further improved versions.

Operators

Military operators

For all military operators, regardless of the actual model, see Bell H-13 Sioux operators

Government operators

• Ontario Lands and Forests^[17]

• Carabinieri^[18]
• Guardia di Finanza^[19]
• Vigili del Fuoco^{[20] [21]}

• Los Angeles City Fire Department^[22]
• Los Angeles Police Department
• New York City Police Department^{[23] [24]}

Aircraft on display

Canada

• CF-ODM – Bell 47D-1 on static display at the Canadian Bushplane Heritage Centre in Sault Ste. Marie, Ontario.^{[25] [26]}
• Unknown ID – Bell 47G on static display at the Alberta Aviation Museum in Edmonton, Alberta. It was assembled from parts and represents a Bell 47D.^{[27] [28]}
• CF-NHH – Bell 47G on static display at The Hangar Flight Museum in Calgary, Alberta. It was built by college students from parts and has never flown.^[29]
• CF-GWD – Bell 47D-1 on display at the Canadian Museum of History, Gatineau, Quebec.^[30]
• CF-FZX – Bell 47G-4 on display at the British Columbia Aviation Museum.^[31]
• C-FIVE – Bell 47J-2 on display at the Canadian Museum of Flight, Langley, British Columbia.^[32]

Chile

• H-03 (Chilean Air Force) – Bell 47D-1 on static display at the Museo Nacional Aeronáutico y del Espacio in Santiago.^[33]

France

• 710 (French Air Force) – Bell 47G on static display at the Musée de l’air et de l’espace in Le Bourget, Île-de-France.^[34]

Germany

• AS+058 (German Army) – Agusta-Bell 47G-2 on static display at the Deutsches Museum in Munich, Bavaria.^{[35] [36]}

Japan

• JA7008 – Kawasaki-Bell 47D-1 (one of first two aircraft of All Nippon Airways) on static display at ANA Safety Education Center, nearby Haneda Airport. It was once displayed at until its closure in 2006.^[37]

Malta

• AS7201 – Bell 47G-2 on static display at the Malta Aviation Museum in Ta'Qali. It was the first aircraft of the Armed Forces of Malta and was donated to the museum on 31 May 2008.^[38]

New Zealand

• NZ3705 – Bell 47G-3B-1 on static display at the Air Force Museum of New Zealand in Wigram, Canterbury.^[39]

Norway

• LN-ORW – Bell 47D-1 on static display at the Norwegian Aviation Museum in Bodø, Nordland.^[40]

Spain

• HE.7B-31 – AB-47G-3B1 on static display at the Museo Aeronáutico de Málaga in Málaga, Andalusia.^{[41] [42]}

Sweden

• Unknown ID – Bell 47G on static display at the in Stockholm. It had previously been featured on the cover for ABBA's 1976 album Arrival.^{[43] [44]}

Switzerland

• HB-XAE – Bell 47G-2 on static display at the Swiss Museum of Transport in Lucerne.^[45]

United Kingdom

• G-AZYB (painted in former SABENA markings as OO-SHW) – Bell 47H on static display at the Helicopter Museum in Weston-super-Mare, Somerset. It supported a scientific expedition in Antarctica.^{[46] [47]}

United States

• N5H – Bell 47B on static display at the American Helicopter Museum & Education Center in West Chester, Pennsylvania.^{[48] [49]}
• N3H – Bell 47 on static display at the Niagara Aerospace Museum in Niagara Falls, New York.^{[50] [51]}
• N116B – Bell 47B on static display at the Steven F. Udvar-Hazy Center of the National Air and Space Museum in Chantilly, Virginia.^{[52] [53]}
• N39KH – Bell 47D on static display at the Hiller Aviation Museum in San Carlos, California.^{[54] [55]}
• LV-AEE – Bell 47B-3 on static display at the Classic Rotors Museum in Ramona, California.^{[56] [57]}
• LV-AEF – Bell 47B-3 on static display at the Niagara Aerospace Museum in Niagara Falls, New York.^[58]
• 82 – Bell 47D1 on static display at the Tellus Science Museum in Cartersville, Georgia.^[59]
• N996B – Bell 47H-1 on static display at the Niagara Aerospace Museum in Niagara Falls, New York.^[60]
• N8010E – Bell 47H on static display at the American Helicopter Museum & Education Center in West Chester, Pennsylvania.^{[61] [62]}
• Unknown ID – On static display at the American Helicopter Museum & Education Center in West Chester, Pennsylvania.^[63] It is a Bell 47D-1 that has converted to an H-13 and painted in "M*A*S*H"configuration.
• Unknown ID – Bell 47D-1 on static display at the Museum of Modern Art in New York, New York.^[64]
• Unknown ID – Bell 47 on static display at the Lawrence D. Bell Aircraft Museum in Mentone, Indiana.^{[65] [66] [67]}
• Unknown ID – Bell 47 on static, climbable display at the Omaha's Henry Doorly Zoo and Aquarium in Omaha, Nebraska.^[68]

Surviving aircraft

Austria

• OE-XDM – Bell 47 G-3B-1T (a former United States Army TH-13T) airworthy with The Flying Bulls in Salzburg.^{[69] [70] [71]}

Australia

• A1-402 - Bell 47 G former Australian Army 161 Independent Recce Flight on static display at HARS Parkes Aviation Museum

United States

• N2490B – Bell 47G-2 airworthy at the EAA AirVenture Museum in Oshkosh, Wisconsin.^[72]
• N7576 – Bell 47G-2A airworthy at the Classic Rotors Museum in Ramona, California.^{[73] [74]}
• N6356X – Continental Copters Bell 47G airworthy at the Mid America Flight Museum in Mount Pleasant, Texas.^{[75] [76]}

References

Bibliography

• Book: Donald, David . The Complete Encyclopedia of World Aircraft . 1997 . Barnes & Noble . NY, NY . 0-7607-0592-5 .
• Elliot. Bryn. Bears in the Air: The US Air Police Perspective . Air Enthusiast. March–April 1997. 68. 46–51 . 0143-5450.
• Elliott. Bryn. On the Beat: The First 60 Years of Britain's Air Police, Part One . Air Enthusiast . January–February 1999 . 79 . 68–75 . 0143-5450.
• Elliott. Bryn. On the Beat: The First 60 Years of Britain's Air Police, Part Two. Air Enthusiast. May–June 1999. 81. 64–69 . 0143-5450.
• Book: Frawley, Gerard. The International Directory of Civil Aircraft, 2003–2004 . 2003 . Aerospace Publications Pty Ltd . Fyshwick, ACT, Australia . 1-875671-58-7 .
• Book: Jane, Fred T. Taylor, Michael John Haddrick. 1989. Jane's encyclopedia of aviation. New York. Portland House. 0-517-69186-8.
• Mutza, Wayne. H-13 Sioux Mini in Action. Carrollton, TX: Squadron/Signal Publications, 1995.
• McGowen, Stanley S. Helicopters: An Illustrated History of Their Impact. Weapons and warfare series. Santa Barbara, Calif: ABC-CLIO, 2005.
• Book: Pelletier, Alain J. 1992. Bell Aircraft since 1935. Annapolis, Md. Naval Institute Press. 1-55750-056-8.
• Pentagon Over the Islands: The Thirty-Year History of Indonesian Military Aviation. Air Enthusiast Quarterly . n.d. . 2 . 154–162 . 0143-5450.
• Riley, David. French Helicopter Operations in Algeria. Marine Corps Gazette. February 1958. pp. 21–26.
• Book: Shrader, Charles R.. 1999. The first helicopter war: logistics and mobility in Algeria, 1954–1962. Westport, CT. Praeger. 0-275-96388-8.
• Book: Spenser, Jay P.. 1998. Whirlybirds a history of the U.S. helicopter pioneers. Seattle. University of Washington Press in association with Museum of Flight. 0-295-98058-3.
• United States, Headquarters Department of the Army, Army Concept Team in Vietnam. Final Report of Essential Load of Scout Helicopters. Saigon, Vietnam: Army Concept Team in Vietnam, 1966.

External links

• Model 47G Museum site
• Model 47G specs from The International Directory of Civil Aircraft by Gerard Frawley
• Scott's – Bell 47, Inc the current type certificate holder
• The Bell 47 Helicopter Family

Notes and References

1. http://www.helis.com/timeline/bell.php "Bell Helicopters"
2. https://web.archive.org/web/20040508015847/http://modelaircraft.org/museum/bio/Young.pdf "Biography of ARTHUR MIDDLETON YOUNG"
3. Web site: Bell 47B . Heli Archive . 29 March 2020.
4. Arthur M. Young . Arthur Young on the Helicopter (Part 2) . YouTube . en . https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211213/zrH3rU8lL3Q . 2021-12-13 . live. April 8, 2016 . YouTube . 10:15 to 11:45 . Arthur M. Young . "I thought the bubble was a great idea, and we tried it. It consisted of taking a large sheet of Plexiglas, and a plywood form, cut for the final dimension for the outside of the bubble, then heating the Plexiglas, putting it under the plywood form, letting air pressure come up through the middle, and it would blow just like a soap bubble. And, then we had a gauge saying how far to blow, and when it reached that point, we turned off the air pressure." .
5. Web site: FAA . September 22, 2010 . May 13, 2014 . https://web.archive.org/web/20140513235700/http://registry.faa.gov/aircraftinquiry/AcftRef_Results.aspx?Mfrtxt=BELL&Modeltxt=47&PageNo=1 . dead .
6. Web site: CAA . September 22, 2010 . May 13, 2014 . https://web.archive.org/web/20140513220609/http://www.caa.co.uk/application.aspx?catid=60&pagetype=65&appid=1&mode=summary&aircrafttype=BELL%2047 . dead .
7. News: Certificate transfer boosts support of Model 47. 10 June 2011. Bell Helicopter. Bell Helicopter. February 2010. Shephard Group Limited.
8. Web site: Majumdar. Dave. HELI-EXPO: 1950s Era Bell Model 47 helicopter to return to production . 6 March 2013. Flightglobal. 8 March 2013.
9. Pool, Bob, "Obituary: John D. Silva, 92; TV Engineer Devised the World's First News Helicopter," The Washington Post, December 11, 2012, p. B6.
10. http://www.check-six.com/Crash_Sites/Cernan-Helo-1971.htm "The Helicopter that Fell to Earth, Gene Cernan's Bell 47 Crash, January 23, 1971"
11. McGowen, p. 56.
12. "FAI Record ID #976 " Record date 17 September 1952, Fédération Aéronautique Internationale. Accessed: 18 November 2013.
13. Donald, David, ed. "Bell Model 47". The Complete Encyclopedia of World Aircraft. Barnes & Noble Books, 1997. .
14. https://books.google.com/books?id=jiQDAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA78 "The Bell Airmailer", Popular Mechanics, July 1947, p. 78
15. Book: Taylor, M. J. H.. 1989. Jane's encyclopedia of aviation. London. Studio Editions. 1-85170-324-1. 40.
16. Book: Simpson, R. W.. Airlife's Helicopters and Rotorcraft. 1998. Airlife Publishing. Ramsbury. 37.
17. Web site: Bell 47D CFT-ODM – CBHC . October 11, 2019 . July 24, 2019 . https://web.archive.org/web/20190724010826/http://www.bushplane.com/aircraft/aircraft-bell47d/ . dead .
18. Web site: Italy Paramilitary Police Aviation . aeroflight.co.uk . 7 February 2013.
19. Web site: Inaugurato il Museo Storico del Servizio Aereo della Guardia di Finanza . .elicotteriweb.it . 7 February 2013.
20. Web site: AB 47 Vigili del Fuoco . 7 February 2013.
21. Web site: Vigili del Fuoco Agusta / Agusta-Bell AB 47 I-VFEN. 7 February 2013.
22. Web site: Helicopter Market 1973 pg. 264 . Flightglobal Insight . 2015 . January 4, 2015.
23. Web site: Helicopter Market 1968 pg. 59. flightglobal.com . 1 January 2015.
24. Web site: New York Police Bell-47D . Demand media . 7 February 2013.
25. Web site: Bell 47D CFT-ODM. Canadian Bushplane Heritage Centre. 2 March 2017.
26. Web site: Airframe Dossier – Bell 47D-1, c/n 654, c/r CF-ODM. Aerial Visuals. AerialVisuals.ca. 3 March 2017.
27. Web site: Bell 47G (1970). Alberta Aviation Museum. 2 March 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20160819120416/http://www.albertaaviationmuseum.com/Aircraft/Bell_47G_%281970%29. 19 August 2016. dead.
28. Web site: Bell 47D. Alberta Aviation Museum. 2 March 2017.
29. Web site: BELL 47G. The Hangar Flight Museum. 3 March 2017. October 27, 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20201027050445/https://www.thehangarmuseum.ca/exhibits/bell-47g. dead.
30. Web site: The Bell 47D-1 Helicopter. 22 August 2021. Dan Gallacher and Chris Kitzan. historymuseum.ca. November 2001. https://web.archive.org/web/20210225201137/https://www.historymuseum.ca/cmc/exhibitions/hist/phase2/mod11e.html. 25 February 2021. live.
31. Web site: Bell Model 47D. 22 August 2021. British Columbia Aviation Museum. British Columbia Aviation Museum. bcam.net. 15 August 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210301194330/https://www.bcam.net/the-choppers/. 1 March 2021. live.
32. Web site: Bell 47J Ranger. 22 August 2021. Canadian Museum of Flight. Canadian Museum of Flight. canadianflight.org. 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210304062243/http://www.canadianflight.org/content/bell-47j-ranger-0. 4 March 2021. live.
33. Web site: Airframe Dossier – Bell 47D-1, s/n H-03 FACh, c/n 655. Aerial Visuals. AerialVisuals.ca. 3 March 2017.
34. Web site: Bell 47G . Musée Air + Espace . 19 July 2020.
35. Web site: Agusta-Bell 47 G, 1959. Deutsches Museum. 3 March 2017. October 26, 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20201026154228/http://www.deutsches-museum.de/en/collections/transport/aeronautics/helicopters/agusta-bell-47-g. dead.
36. Web site: Airframe Dossier – Bell-Agusta-Bell AB-47G-2, s/n AS+058 Luftwaffe, c/n 79-030, c/r N10002. Aerial Visuals. AerialVisuals.ca. 3 March 2017.
37. Web site: 日本におけるベル47ヘリコプターの歴史. dansa.minim.ne.jp. 12 February 2020.
38. Web site: Agusta Bell 47G-2 AS7201. Malta Aviation Museum. Malta Aviation Museum Foundation. 2 March 2017.
39. Web site: Bell 47G-3B-1 Sioux . Air Force Museum of New Zealand . 15 December 2020.
40. Web site: Bell 47 D-1. Norsk Luftfartsmuseum. 2 March 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20170303043944/http://luftfartsmuseum.no/fly/bell-47-d-1/. 3 March 2017. dead.
41. Web site: What to see. Museo Aeronáutico de Málaga. 3 March 2017. 27 October 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20201027043232/https://www.aeroplaza.org/what-to-see/#bell-47-eng. dead.
42. Web site: Airframe Dossier – Bell-Agusta-Bell AB-47G-3B1, s/n HE.7B-31 EdA, c/n AB-1613, c/r EC-DZL. Aerial Visuals. AerialVisuals.ca. 3 March 2017.
43. Web site: On the museum. ABBA The Museum. 2 March 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20170128214531/http://www.abbathemuseum.com/en/on-the-museum. 28 January 2017. dead. dmy-all.
44. Web site: Rolander. Niclas. Gimme! Gimme! Gimme!... An ABBA Museum in Stockholm. Wall Street Journal. 17 July 2016. 2 May 2013.
45. Web site: Airframe Dossier – Bell 47G-1, c/n 0689, c/r G-AVKS. Aerial Visuals. AerialVisuals.ca. 2 March 2017.
46. Web site: The Collection [American]]. The Helicopter Museum. 2 March 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20150509013320/http://helicoptermuseum.co.uk/american.htm. 9 May 2015. dead.
47. Web site: Airframe Dossier – Bell47 / H-13 Sioux, c/n 1538, c/r G-AZYB. Aerial Visuals. AerialVisuals.ca. 2 March 2017.
48. Web site: Bell 47B. American Helicopter Museum & Education Center. 2 March 2017.
49. Web site: FAA REGISTRY [N5H]]. Federal Aviation Administration. U.S. Department of Transportation. March 3, 2017. March 3, 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20170303201316/http://registry.faa.gov/aircraftinquiry/NNum_Results.aspx?NNumbertxt=N5H. dead.
50. Web site: FAA REGISTRY [N3H]]. Federal Aviation Administration. U.S. Department of Transportation. 3 March 2017. May 13, 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20170513113406/http://registry.faa.gov/aircraftinquiry/NNum_Results.aspx?NNumbertxt=3H. dead.
51. Web site: Aviation Photo #0716698. Airliners. Leaf Group Ltd.. 3 March 2017.
52. Web site: Bell 47B. Smithsonian National Air and Space Museum. 2 March 2017. July 21, 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190721075549/https://airandspace.si.edu/collection-objects/bell-47b. dead.
53. Web site: Airframe Dossier – Bell 47B, c/n 0036 (47B), c/r N116B. Aerial Visuals. AerialVisuals.ca. 3 March 2017.
54. Web site: Aircraft on Display. Hiller Aviation Museum. 20 March 2017.
55. Web site: FAA REGISTRY [N39KH]]. Federal Aviation Administration. U.S. Department of Transportation. 20 March 2017. March 20, 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20170320232724/http://registry.faa.gov/aircraftinquiry/NNum_Results.aspx?NNumbertxt=N39KH. dead.
56. Web site: Stevens. Jos. Complete (Historical) Civil Rotorcraft Register of Argentina. Rotorspot. Jos Stevens. 3 March 2017.
57. Book: Skaarup. Harold. California Warplanes. 2012. iUniverse. 9781475901450. 50. 20 March 2017.
58. Web site: Meegan. Ken. LV-AEF. Flickr. 3 March 2017. 8 June 2014.
59. Web site: 1948 Bell-47 helicopter in the Motion gallery at the Tellus Science Museum in Cartersville. www.atlantaphotos.com. en. 2017-05-25.
60. Web site: FAA REGISTRY [N996B]]. Federal Aviation Administration. U.S. Department of Transportation. 3 March 2017. March 3, 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20170303123742/http://registry.faa.gov/aircraftinquiry/NNum_Results.aspx?NNumbertxt=996B. dead.
61. Web site: Bell 47H. American Helicopter Museum & Education Center. 2 March 2017.
62. Web site: Airframe Dossier – Bell 47H-1, c/n 1355, c/r N8010E. Aerial Visuals. AerialVisuals.ca. 2 March 2017.
63. Web site: Bell 47D-1 / H 13D. American Helicopter Museum & Education Center. 2 March 2017.
64. Web site: Arthur Young. Bell-47D1 Helicopter. 1945. MoMA. The Museum of Modern Art. 2 March 2017.
65. News: Peryam. Jennifer. Rotors Over Mentone Fly-In August 27 At Aircraft Museum. 3 March 2017. News Now Warsaw. News Now Warsaw. 22 August 2016.
66. News: Eshleman. Marc. A SUMMER FOR HISTORY: THE BELL AIRCRAFT MUSEUM. 3 March 2017. Ink Free News. InkFreeNews.com. 10 June 2016.
67. Web site: Aero-TV: Lawrence Bell's 47H – The Original Businessman's Helicopter. Aero News Network. Pauli Systems, LC. 3 March 2017. 8 Sep 2010.
68. Web site: African Grasslands, Wildlife Management Headquarters.. African Grasslands. omahazoo.com. 3 Nov 2023.
69. Web site: 50 YEARS BELL 47 "SOLOY" of the Flying Bulls. The Flying Bulls. 8 March 2017. 12 December 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20181212145147/https://www.flyingbulls.at/en/events-stories/news/2016/50-years-bell-47-soloy-of-the-flying-bulls. dead.
70. Web site: Aircraft OE-XDM Data. Airport-Data.com. 8 March 2017.
71. Web site: Aircraft D-HEBA Data. Airport-Data.com. 8 March 2017.
72. Web site: FAA REGISTRY [N2490B]]. Federal Aviation Administration. U.S. Department of Transportation. 5 March 2017. March 5, 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20170305113924/http://registry.faa.gov/aircraftinquiry/NNum_Results.aspx?NNumbertxt=N2490B. dead.
73. Web site: Aircraft N7576 Data. Airport-Data.com. 20 March 2017.
74. Web site: FAA REGISTRY [N7576]]. Federal Aviation Administration. U.S. Department of Transportation. 20 March 2017. March 20, 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20170320144341/http://registry.faa.gov/aircraftinquiry/NNum_Results.aspx?NNumbertxt=N7576. dead.
75. Web site: Glover. Scott. The Bell 47. Mid America Flight Museum. 3 March 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20160908051154/http://www.midamericaflightmuseum.org/plane-Bell47.html. 8 September 2016. dead. dmy-all.
76. Web site: FAA REGISTRY [N6356X]]. Federal Aviation Administration. U.S. Department of Transportation. 3 March 2017. March 3, 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20170303201235/http://registry.faa.gov/aircraftinquiry/NNum_Results.aspx?NNumbertxt=N6356X. dead.

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