Verizon (mobile network) explained

Verizon
Former Name:Bell Atlantic
Type:Division
Industry:Telecommunications
Foundation: in Bedminster, New Jersey, United States
Location City:Basking Ridge, New Jersey
Location Country:U.S.
Locations:2,330 owned retail stores
Area Served:United States
Key People:Hans Vestberg (CEO, Verizon Communications)
Parent:Verizon Communications
Divisions:Verizon Fios
Visible by Verizon
TracFone Wireless
Footnotes:[1] [2] [3]

Verizon is an American wireless network operator that previously operated as a separate division of Verizon Communications under the name Verizon Wireless. In a 2019 reorganization, Verizon moved the wireless products and services into the divisions Verizon Consumer and Verizon Business, and stopped using the Verizon Wireless name. Verizon has 114.8 million subscribers as of March 31, 2024.[4] It currently has the largest network in the United States with their LTE network covering 70% of the United States.[5]

The company is headquartered in Basking Ridge, New Jersey. It was founded in 2000 as a joint venture of American telecommunications firm Bell Atlantic, which would soon become Verizon Communications, and British multinational telecommunications company Vodafone. Verizon Communications became the sole owner in 2014 after buying Vodafone's 45-percent stake in the company.

It operates national 5G and 4G LTE networks covering about 99 percent of the U.S. population,[6] which in the first half of 2024 won top honors in five out of eight categories of the RootMetrics RootScore Reports, along with the most awards in both state and metro testing. Notably, Verizon won the United States Overall and Data RootScore Awards outright, along with outright wins for accessibility and video performance. Verizon Wireless offers mobile phone services through a variety of devices. Its LTE in Rural America Program, with 21 rural wireless carriers participating, covers 2.7 million potential users in 169 rural counties. Verizon Wireless announced in 2015 that it was developing a 5G, or fifth-generation, network. In 2020, 230 million people were able to access Verizon's 5G, or fifth-generation, dynamic spectrum sharing (DSS) technology network;[7] by 2024, 250 million people were covered by Verizon's 5G Ultra Wideband network.[8]

History

In September 1999, American phone company Bell Atlantic and British-based Vodafone Airtouch PLC proposed they would create a new wireless phone service joint venture valued at $70 billion.[9] The joint venture was being created as Bell Atlantic underwent a merger with GTE Corporation. In April 2000, the companies announced that the Bell Atlantic–GTE merger would take the name Verizon and that the Bell Atlantic–Vodafone wireless unit would be called Verizon Wireless (legally Cellco Partnership d.b.a. Verizon Wireless).[10] Verizon Communications owned 55 percent of Verizon Wireless while Vodafone retained 45 percent ownership.[11] Regulators with the Federal Communications Commission approved the Bell Atlantic–GTE merger on June 16, 2000,[12] creating the largest wireless company in the United States.[13] Verizon Wireless held this market position until Cingular Wireless acquired AT&T Wireless Services in 2004.[14]

Throughout the 2000s, Verizon acquired several wireless phone companies and assets across the country, including West Virginia Wireless in 2006;[15] Ramcell in 2007;[16] Rural Cellular Corporation[17] and SureWest Communications, both in 2008.[18] Also in 2008, Verizon struck a deal to buy Alltel for $5.9 billion in equity while assuming $22.2 billion worth of debt.[19] [20] The deal was finalized on January 9, 2009, again making Verizon Wireless the country's largest cellphone network.[19] As per the agreement, Verizon sold rural wireless properties across 18 states to AT&T. Those properties were in Alabama, Arizona, California, Colorado, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, New Mexico, North Dakota, South Dakota, Tennessee, Utah, Virginia and Wyoming.[21] Verizon's acquisitions continued in the 2010s, including the purchases of some Plateau Wireless markets in 2012[22] and Golden State Cellular's operator in 2014.[23]

Majority owner Verizon Communications became sole owner of its wireless business in 2014, when it bought Vodafone's 45 percent stake.[24] Vodafone received $58.9 billion cash, $60.2 billion in stock and $11 billion in other consideration.[25] [26] An article in The New York Times estimated Verizon Wireless' valuation at about $290 billion.[25]

In late 2014, it became known that Verizon Wireless uses deep packet inspection for server-side insertion of a customer-unique ID field ("X-UIDH") into all unencrypted HTTP headers. The mechanism has been referred to as a "supercookie" or "perma-cookie", although it is technically not a cookie in that it does not store information on the customers device and is transparent to the user. It cannot be averted with common mechanisms like ad-blockers; however it cannot be inserted into encrypted HTTPS and VPN connections. Verizon advertises the system to marketing partners. The Electronic Frontier Foundation has called on Verizon to terminate the program, calling it a "profound violation of trust", expressing concern over abuse by third parties, and questioning the legality of Verizon modifying their users' outgoing data without offering them the possibility of a full opt-out.[27] [28] [29] [30] [31] In January 2015, Verizon announced they would give customers the option of opting out, and since April 1, 2015, Verizon has allowed customers to opt-out, either online or by calling a special phone number.[32]

In August 2016, Verizon hired Ronan Dunne, the former head of British provider O2, as the new president of its wireless business.[33]

In September 2016, Comcast confirmed that it planned to launch a mobile service, using Verizon's network as an MVNO, in mid-2017.[34] [35]

In February 2017, in the wake of competition from Sprint and T-Mobile, and initiatives to expand the capacity and improve the quality of its network by using macrocells and supporting carrier aggregation, Verizon announced that it would bring back an "unlimited" data plan (subject to throttling in heavy network areas after 22 GB of usage). Verizon's decision not to restrict the bitrate of video services prompted Sprint and T-Mobile to remove similar restrictions from their own plans.[36]

In March 2017, Verizon announced that all their Android phones will have AppFlash, to help users find content and services across different apps.[37] Critics spoke harshly against it.[38]

In May 2018, former Verizon executive Miguel Quiroga launched the pre-paid carrier Visible in Denver Colorado, which Verizon funds and owns.[39] [40]

On June 8, 2018, Verizon announced that Hans Vestberg had been chosen to become CEO on August 1, 2018.[41]

In August 2018, the fire department of Santa Clara County, California, filed evidence in a lawsuit seeking the reinstatement of net neutrality policies, which accused Verizon of throttling an "unlimited" wireless data plan associated with a vehicle that was being used to coordinate responses to the Mendocino Complex Fire. The department reported that a Verizon Wireless customer service representative insisted that they must upgrade to a higher-cost data plan in order to restore their internet speed. In a statement, Verizon acknowledged that they did not properly explain the terms of the contract, and that the representative did not adhere to a company policy of removing these restrictions during emergency situations.[42]

In 2019, Verizon Wireless services were split between two new divisions: Verizon Consumer and Verizon Business.[43] [44] The name "Wireless" was extinguished, rebranding the mobile network as simply Verizon.

In 2020 Verizon launched a prepaid mobile phone service named Yahoo! Mobile[45] after acquiring a 10% interest in Yahoo!.[46] The service was shut down on August 31, 2021, in favor of Visible.[47] [48]

On November 23, 2021, Verizon purchased TracFone Wireless which was worth an approximately $6.25 billion.[49]

Network

Verizon Wireless operates 5G and 4G LTE networks.[50], Verizon claims that 99% of the population of the United States can access their 4G network.[51] However, OpenSignal's crowdsourced data showed 4G coverage of 95.9%.[52]

Before Verizon's LTE network was launched, the company operated an exclusively CDMA2000 network (the other major CDMA2000 carrier in the US being Sprint). Verizon began its initial tests for the 4G LTE network in 2008[53] in order to move from older-generation mobile communications technologies to the emerging global standard.[54] In December 2010, Verizon Wireless launched a fledgling 4G LTE network in 39 markets.[55] By December 2011, only a year after launch, 200 million Americans were covered with 4G LTE, in 190 markets.[56], 98% of the U.S. was covered with LTE, and 92% of all data traffic was on LTE.[57]

In 2012, the service provider bought spectrum from the country's biggest cable companies, including Comcast, and Spectrum (Time Warner Cable and Bright House Networks at the time) to improve its data network across the U.S.[58] The new capacity allowed Verizon to launch what it calls XLTE (LTE on Band 4) in 2013, providing more capacity in congested and well-populated markets.[59]

Because 4G LTE is a data-transmitting network, when it launched, Verizon customers' voice calls were still carried over the company's CDMA2000 network,[60] which was developed for 3G cellphones. In September 2014, Verizon launched voice over LTE (VoLTE);[61] this allowed voice calls to transmit via the data-only LTE network. This also allows for simultaneous voice and data services, something that is unavailable on traditional CDMA2000 calls. Along with VoLTE, Verizon also announced support for HD Voice, which provides higher-quality audio for VoLTE calls, and native Video Calling for Android phones. In March 2016, Verizon enabled support for Wi-Fi Calling, which allows calls to be placed over a Wi-Fi network., nearly 4 million of Verizon's 103.7 million subscribers used VoLTE. In 2019, Verizon announced that they plan to shut down their CDMA2000 network by the end of 2020, making VoLTE the only way to make calls on their network.[62]

In September 2015, Verizon's chief information and technology architect Roger Gurnani stated that Verizon was planning to trial a 5G wireless network within 12 months, with "some level of commercial deployment" by 2017.[53] In late August 2016, Verizon officially announced that it had rolled out LTE Advanced services in 461 markets. The company promoted that the technology would allow at least 50% higher LTE data speeds on supported devices.[63]

By the end of 2019, Verizon had launched 5G service in 30 cities across the U.S.[64] Verizon's 5G network is deployed on millimeter wave spectrum (mmWave).[65] While fast, the high-band spectrum Verizon uses has limited range and high penetration loss.[66] [67]

In October 2020, during a virtual event unveiling the iPhone 12, Verizon announced that it had begun to widely deploy 5G service on sub-6 GHz spectrum, branded as "Nationwide 5G". This service has a wider range than its mmWave 5G (henceforth branded by Verizon as "5G Ultra Wideband") services, and is available to most existing Verizon subscribers with a supported device (unlike mmWave service, which requires one of the service's newer unlimited plans), but uses "dynamic spectrum sharing" with LTE service, and does not have the same level of speed as mmWave.[68] As of December 2020, more than 200 million people were able to access Verizon’s 5G network through Verizon’s DSS-enabled service. As of April 2023, Verizon reached 200 million people covered for its Verizon's 5G Ultra Wideband.

Verizon intended to retire its 2G and 3G CDMA network in favor of LTE and 5G on January 1, 2021, but made a last-minute decision to "indefinitely" halt the retirement.[69] They later confirmed that the CDMA network will be retired on December 31, 2022.[70] Verizon customers using a CDMA-only device, or an LTE device that does not support Voice over LTE, were required to upgrade to a newer device in order to continue using the network. The shutdown was completed at the end of 2022 as planned.[71]

A report by RootMetrics on carrier performance in the first half of 2024 ranked Verizon's network as the best in overall national performance, network accessibility, data performance, video performance, and tied for best text performance.[72]

Radio frequency summary

The following is a list of 4G LTE and 5G NR frequency bands which Verizon employs in the United States. Verizon's CDMA network was shut down on December 31, 2022.

Frequency bands used on the Verizon Network
Frequency Band Band Number Protocol Generation Status Notes
700 MHz Upper SMH C Block 13 LTE/LTE-A/
LTE-A Pro		4GActivePrimary LTE band, launched in December 2010.[73] Spectrum covers 100% of the continental United States.[74]
850 MHz CLR5Additional low-band LTE, currently being shared with 5G using DSS.
1.7/2.1 GHz AWS4/66 Branded as "XLTE"[75] at launch, this second layer of LTE coverage is used to increased bandwidth in major markets.
1.9 GHz PCS2Third layer of LTE coverage, used to relieve congestion.[76]
3.5 GHz CBRS48Active/Building OutAdditional capacity in select areas.[77] [78]
5.2 GHz U-NII46
850 MHz CLR n5 Branded as "5G Nationwide", these are the primary bands for 5G NR network. Spectrum is shared with LTE using DSS. Launched October 2020.[79]
1.7/2.1 GHz AWS n66
1.9 GHz PCS n2
3.7 GHz C-Bandn77Branded as "5G Ultra Wideband", launched on January 19, 2022.[80]
28 GHz Ka-Band n261 Branded as "5G Ultra Wideband", these are the mmWave bands, enabling 4 gigabit speeds using small cells. Went live in May 2019.
39 GHz Ka-Band n260

Past networks

The following chart lists the networks that Verizon previously operated.

Frequency BandBand numberProtocolGenerationStatusNotes
850 MHz CLR N/AAMPS1GRetired Network was shut down on February 18, 2008.[81] [82]
800 MHz CLR 0IS-95/1xRTT/
EVDO/eHRPD		2G/3GNetwork was shut down on December 31, 2022.
1

Apps

Verizon Wireless offers certain applications and services that are exclusive to its subscribers. Many of these apps are pre-loaded on Verizon devices—primarily Android smartphones. The company has received criticism for this practice, as users and critics have viewed the applications to be "bloatware" that are sometimes redundant to applications already included with the device's operating system.[83] [84] [85]

The NFL Mobile app allows Verizon Wireless subscribers to stream National Football League games and NFL Network on their devices. While previously a subscription-based service, NFL Mobile was made free to all subscribers beginning in the 2015 NFL season. As part of an exclusivity agreement with the NFL, only Verizon Wireless subscribers could stream NFL telecasts to devices with screens 7inches or less in size. This contract ended after the 2017 NFL season;[86] [87] [88] Verizon agreed to a new five-year, non-exclusive digital rights agreement, which removes the device class exclusivity, and focuses more upon distributing its streams and other enhanced digital content via its portfolio of internet media brands, rather than being exclusive to Verizon Wireless subscribers.[89] [90]

As part of a deal that also granted the carrier title sponsorship of the series, Verizon subscribers also have access to exclusive streaming content within the official IndyCar Series app.[91]

The My Verizon app is used for account management, including checking usage statistics and managing the user's service plan and account features.[92] [93] [94] Verizon Cloud, which allows photos, videos, contacts, messages and call logs to be synchronized online, was released in April 2013 initially for Android phones,[95] followed the next month by a launch for iOS.[95] [96] Verizon Messages, otherwise known as Message+, is an alternative text messaging app that additionally allows messages to be synchronized between multiple devices.[97] VZ Navigator is a subscription-based maps and navigation service which provides turn-by-turn navigation, crowdsourced traffic data, weather, events and entertainment listings, gas prices, roadside assistance, 2D and 3D views.[98] The Verizon Support & Protection app provides technical support services, lost device location, and on Android, antivirus functionality.[99]

Verizon Family Locator is a subscription-based service and app can be used to track the locations of family members on a map for up to 10 devices.[100] [101] Verizon Family Base allows parents to restrict when and how their children use their phones, view their children's contacts and lock the devices.[101] [102] Verizon also offers the GizmoPal, a wristband-worn phone for children that is restricted to only placing or receiving calls from one of two designated caregivers, and has GPS tracking.[103] [104]

Other Verizon Wireless apps include Field Force Manager, which allows employers to manage employees with GPS, management timesheets and oversee travel,[105] Visual Voice Mail[106] and Roadside Assistance.[107] [108]

Products and services

Verizon Wireless offers mobile phone, home telephone, and Internet services through a variety of devices.

Wireless phone services

Verizon Wireless offers smartphones powered by Apple's iOS and Google's Android.[109] Both its basic phones and smartphones use their 4G LTE or 5G network.[110] The company offers different voice and data plans for its users.[111] [112]

Wireless home phone

Introduced in February 2015 as Verizon Wireless Home Phone Connect, Wireless Home Phone uses Verizon's cellular network rather than using traditional landline wires to provide home phone service.[113]

Mobile broadband and Wi-Fi

Verizon Mobile network, branded as Jetpack.[114] The company offered home Internet service through a 4G LTE Broadband Router with Voice that can connect up to 10 devices over Wi-Fi as well as home phone service.[115] This service and device have since been discontinued.[116]

LTE in Rural America

See also

Notes and References

  1. Web site: The History of Verizon Communications. Verizon Wireless. May 7, 2007. September 14, 2010. https://web.archive.org/web/20100914214823/http://investor.verizon.com/profile/history/. dead.
  2. Web site: Executive Leadership . Aboutus.verizonwireless.com . May 15, 2012 . October 26, 2013 . https://web.archive.org/web/20131026212219/http://aboutus.verizonwireless.com/leadership/executive/index.html . dead .
  3. Web site: Stores 2010 Hot 100 Retailers . Stores.org . August 2017 . June 28, 2011 . September 30, 2011 . https://web.archive.org/web/20110930064732/http://www.stores.org/2010/Hot-100-Retailers . live .
  4. Web site: Financial and Operating Information. March 31, 2024. June 25, 2024.
  5. Web site: Financial and Operating Information. Verizon. September 30, 2023.
  6. Web site: Best Phone Carrier, Best Wireless, Why Verizon. Verizon Wireless. April 15, 2021. April 17, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210417132047/https://www.verizon.com/featured/our-network/. live.
  7. Web site: Verizon expands nationwide 5G to 230M people. December 17, 2020. Fierce Wireless.
  8. Web site: Verizon Fact Sheet. Verizon. Over 250 million people covered by C-Band. June 30, 2024. July 26, 2024. https://web.archive.org/web/20240726201759/https://www.verizon.com/about/our-company/verizon-fact-sheet. live.
  9. News: Bell Atlantic, Vodafone join wireless services . Noguchi . Yuki . . September 21, 1999 . July 21, 2015 . March 5, 2016 . https://web.archive.org/web/20160305064916/http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/pmextra/sept99/21/bellatlantic21.htm . live .
  10. News: Bell Atlantic and GTE pick post-merger name . Schiesel . Seth . . April 4, 2000 . July 21, 2015 . April 17, 2020 . https://web.archive.org/web/20200417072432/https://www.nytimes.com/2000/04/04/business/bell-atlantic-and-gte-pick-post-merger-name.html?gwh=78BBED94BC5A73E64AE5B2BB1599CF45&gwt=pay . live .
  11. News: Timeline: Verizon and Vodafone's long relationship . . April 25, 2013 . July 21, 2015 . December 9, 2015 . https://web.archive.org/web/20151209001526/http://www.reuters.com/article/us-verizon-vodafone-history-idUSBRE93O19Z20130425 . live .
  12. News: Bell, GTE merger approved . . June 16, 2000 . July 21, 2015 . October 23, 2020 . https://web.archive.org/web/20201023100156/https://money.cnn.com/2000/06/16/deals/gte/ . live .
  13. News: FCC approves wireless-assets merger of Bell Atlantic, Vodafone AirTouch . Chen . Kathy . . March 31, 2000 . July 21, 2015 . April 23, 2019 . https://web.archive.org/web/20190423161641/https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB954465877372787351 . live .
  14. News: Cingular, AT&T Wireless deal complete, new focus on the horizon . Rubner . Justin . . October 26, 2004 . July 21, 2015 . October 26, 2020 . https://web.archive.org/web/20201026193316/https://www.bizjournals.com/atlanta/stories/2004/10/25/daily16.html . live .
  15. News: Business briefs . . February 4, 2007 . July 21, 2015 . December 10, 2015 . https://web.archive.org/web/20151210212551/http://www.nexis.com/docview/getDocForCuiReq?lni=4N2F-W4K0-TX4K-931J&csi=8399&oc=00240&perma=true . live .
  16. News: Southwestern Oregon to benefit from Verizon Wireless network expansion . Salem-News.com . February 18, 2008 . July 21, 2015 . October 24, 2020 . https://web.archive.org/web/20201024003110/http://www.salem-news.com/articles/february182008/verizon_wireless_2-18-08.php . live .
  17. News: FCC approves Verizon, Rural Cellular merger . . August 1, 2008 . July 21, 2015 . October 29, 2020 . https://web.archive.org/web/20201029084353/https://money.cnn.com/news/newsfeeds/articles/djf500/200808010850DOWJONESDJONLINE000579_FORTUNE5.htm . live .
  18. News: Verizon Wireless SureWest Wireless biz. Who's next? . Frommer . Dan . . January 22, 2008 . July 21, 2015 . March 4, 2016 . https://web.archive.org/web/20160304103900/http://www.businessinsider.com/2008/1/verizon-wireless-buys-surewests-wireless-biz-whos-next . live .
  19. News: Verizon completes Alltel purchase . Reardon . Marguerite . . January 9, 2009 . July 21, 2015 . May 9, 2020 . https://web.archive.org/web/20200509000226/https://www.cnet.com/news/verizon-completes-alltel-purchase/ . live .
  20. News: Verizon agrees to buy Alltel for $28.1 billion . Sorkin . Andrew Ross . Holson . Laura M. . . June 6, 2008 . July 21, 2015 . November 15, 2020 . https://web.archive.org/web/20201115041111/https://www.nytimes.com/2008/06/06/technology/06phone.html . live .
  21. News: AT&T to buy Verizon territories, affecting 1M subscribers . Svensson . Peter . . May 9, 2009 . July 21, 2015 . October 25, 2020 . https://web.archive.org/web/20201025195502/https://abcnews.go.com/Business/story?id=7548387 . live .
  22. News: AT&T scoops up 40,000 customers, spectrum assets of Plateau Wireless . Dano . Mike . FierceWireless.com . June 24, 2014 . July 21, 2015 . May 13, 2016 . https://web.archive.org/web/20160513070855/http://www.fiercewireless.com/story/att-scoops-40000-customers-spectrum-assets-plateau-wireless/2014-06-24 . live .
  23. News: Verizon Wireless consumes Golden State Cellular and Mobi PCS . Dano . Mike . FierceWireless.com . April 21, 2014 . July 21, 2015 . May 14, 2016 . https://web.archive.org/web/20160514103625/http://www.fiercewireless.com/story/verizon-wireless-consumes-golden-state-cellular-and-mobi-pcs/2014-04-21 . live .
  24. News: Eley . Jonathan . February 21, 2014 . Vodafone-Verizon deal completes . Financial Times . live . June 17, 2020 . https://web.archive.org/web/20201027192454/https://www.ft.com/content/ec25c1dc-9aed-11e3-b0d0-00144feab7de . October 27, 2020.
  25. News: Verizon seals long-sought $130 billion deal to own wireless unit . De La Merced . Michael J. . Scott . Mark . . September 2, 2013 . July 21, 2015 . October 28, 2020 . https://web.archive.org/web/20201028153135/https://dealbook.nytimes.com/2013/09/02/verizon-reaches-130-billion-deal-to-buy-out-vodafones-wireless-stake/?_r=0 . live .
  26. News: Verizon, Vodafone agree to $130 billion wireless deal . Holton . Kate . Carew . Sinead . . September 2, 2013 . July 21, 2015 . March 15, 2016 . https://web.archive.org/web/20160315014318/http://www.reuters.com/article/us-vodafone-verizon-idUSBRE97S08C20130903 . live .
  27. Web site: Verizon Injecting Perma-Cookies to Track Mobile Customers, Bypassing Privacy Controls. Electronic Frontier Foundation. January 19, 2014. November 3, 2014. https://web.archive.org/web/20141103220405/https://www.eff.org/deeplinks/2014/11/verizon-x-uidh. live.
  28. Web site: Checking known AT&T, Verizon, Sprint, Bell Canada & Vodacom Unique Identifier beacons. January 19, 2014. November 4, 2014. https://web.archive.org/web/20141104151010/http://lessonslearned.org/sniff. live.
  29. News: Verizon, AT&T tracking their users with 'supercookies'. Craig. Timberg. The Washington Post. January 19, 2014. November 4, 2014. https://web.archive.org/web/20141104055832/http://www.washingtonpost.com/business/technology/verizon-atandt-tracking-their-users-with-super-cookies/2014/11/03/7bbbf382-6395-11e4-bb14-4cfea1e742d5_story.html. live.
  30. Web site: Which Apps Protect Against Verizon and Turn's Invasive User Tracking?. Peter. Eckersley. January 15, 2015. January 19, 2015. November 24, 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20201124112209/https://www.eff.org/deeplinks/2015/01/which-apps-and-browsers-protect-you-against-verizon-and-turns-non-consensual. live.
  31. Web site: AT&T Ditches Tracking Header Program; Verizon Still Refuses. Jacob. Hoffman-Andrews. November 14, 2014. January 19, 2015. November 11, 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20201111215403/https://www.eff.org/deeplinks/2014/11/att-ditches-tracking-header-program-verizon-still-refuses. live.
  32. Web site: Verizon lets customers opt out of program that inserted 'super cookie' to track mobile browsing. FierceWireless. May 11, 2015. March 4, 2016. https://web.archive.org/web/20160304054023/http://www.fiercewireless.com/story/verizon-lets-customers-opt-out-program-inserted-super-cookie-track-mobile-b/2015-04-01. live.
  33. News: Verizon Hires Former O2 CEO Ronan Dunne to Head Wireless Unit. Bloomberg.com. August 2, 2016 . March 22, 2017. May 29, 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180529093706/https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2016-08-02/verizon-hires-former-o2-ceo-ronan-dunne-to-head-wireless-unit. live.
  34. Web site: Comcast confirms plans to launch mobile phone service in 2017. The Verge. September 20, 2016. September 17, 2017. November 8, 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20201108114750/https://www.theverge.com/2016/9/20/12986872/comcast-mobile-network-verizon-mvno-2017. live.
  35. Web site: Comcast Is Launching a Wireless Service Next Year. The Motley Fool. September 25, 2016. October 8, 2016. August 1, 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20200801004517/https://www.fool.com/investing/2016/09/25/comcast-is-launching-a-wireless-service-next-year.aspx. live.
  36. Web site: Inside Verizon's Decision to Go Unlimited. Fortune. March 22, 2017. November 11, 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20201111183621/https://fortune.com/2017/02/23/verizon-unlimited/. live.
  37. Web site: Evie teams up with Verizon to launch a new search experience next to your Android home screen. Ha. Anthony. TechCrunch. March 28, 2017 . March 30, 2017. January 25, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210125002223/https://techcrunch.com/2017/03/28/evie-verizon-sidescreen/. live.
  38. Web site: Verizon phones will soon get the useless 'AppFlash' search tool in an upcoming rollout. March 28, 2017. May 18, 2017. November 11, 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20201111191636/https://www.androidpolice.com/2017/03/28/verizon-phones-will-soon-get-useless-appflash-search-tool-upcoming-rollout/. live.
  39. Web site: Visible, an all-digital wireless provider, getting physical in its marketing . Denver Post . Svaldi . Aldo . September 20, 2019 . September 1, 2021 . live . October 22, 2020 . https://web.archive.org/web/20201022100742/https://www.denverpost.com/2019/09/20/visible-verizon-digital-wireless-massages/ .
  40. Web site: How Verizon-Owned Wireless Service Visible Is Getting More Appealing . Fortune . Yahoo! Finance . Pressman . Aaron . June 26, 2019 . September 1, 2021 . live . October 28, 2020 . https://web.archive.org/web/20201028182155/https://finance.yahoo.com/news/verizon-owned-wireless-visible-getting-130052800.html .
  41. News: Verizon picks Hans Vestberg as its next CEO, showing how the company is prioritizing 5G. Robins. Michael Sheetz, Anjali. June 8, 2018. CNBC. June 11, 2018. November 26, 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20201126151010/https://www.cnbc.com/2018/06/08/verizon-exec-vice-president-hans-vestberg-to-become-companys-new-ceo-will-take-over-aug-1.html. live.
  42. Web site: Verizon throttled fire department's "unlimited" data during Calif. wildfire . August 25, 2018 . August 21, 2018 . . Jon Brodkin . January 30, 2021 . https://web.archive.org/web/20210130031525/https://arstechnica.com/tech-policy/2018/08/verizon-throttled-fire-departments-unlimited-data-during-calif-wildfire/ . live .
  43. News: Verizon to Break Up Wireless Unit in Reorganization . Krouse . Sarah . . November 5, 2018 . July 29, 2019 . November 8, 2020 . https://web.archive.org/web/20201108125130/https://www.wsj.com/articles/verizon-to-break-up-wireless-unit-in-reorganization-1541420253 . live .
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  45. News: Kastrenakes . Jacob . March 11, 2020 . Verizon launches Yahoo Mobile phone service . Tech . The Verge . Vox Media, LLC. . August 4, 2017 . Verizon is launching a Yahoo-branded mobile phone service called Yahoo Mobile in an attempt to use consumers’ familiarity with the Yahoo brand to kickstart a new wireless provider. . November 22, 2020 . https://web.archive.org/web/20201122084421/https://www.theverge.com/2020/3/11/21174687/yahoo-mobile-phone-plan-price-service-verizon-visible-announced . live .
  46. News: Brodkin . Jon . March 11, 2020 . Yahoo Mobile: The Verizon phone plan that no one asked for . Biz & IT . . WIRED Media Group . August 4, 2020 . Verizon acquired Yahoo for $4.48 billion in June 2017, combining it with the Verizon-owned AOL to form one media division but hasn't been able to revive the floundering Internet platforms. A goodwill impairment charge of $4.6 billion wiped out nearly all of the Yahoo/AOL division's goodwill value in December 2018, contributing to multiple rounds of layoffs in the ensuing 12 months. . March 17, 2020 . https://web.archive.org/web/20200317215529/https://arstechnica.com/information-technology/2020/03/verizons-desperate-bid-to-revive-yahoo-a-yahoo-4g-phone-service/ . live .
  47. Web site: Taylor. Austin. June 20, 2021. Why Yahoo Mobile Is Already Shutting Down. Screen Rant.
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  61. News: Verizon's Small: We have close to 4M VoLTE customers . Goldstein . Phil . Fierce Wireless . August 11, 2015 . January 28, 2016 . April 21, 2016 . https://web.archive.org/web/20160421023441/http://www.fiercewireless.com/story/verizons-small-we-have-close-4m-volte-customers/2015-08-11 . live .
  62. Web site: Verizon Delays Shutdown of 3G CDMA Network Until the End of 2020. August 1, 2019. Stop the Cap!. en-US. May 29, 2020. November 17, 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20201117092347/https://stopthecap.com/2019/08/01/verizon-delays-shutdown-of-3g-cdma-network-until-the-end-of-2020/. live.
  63. Web site: Verizon's faster LTE service is now available in over 450 cities. The Verge. August 29, 2016. September 17, 2017. November 8, 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20201108142453/http://www.theverge.com/2016/8/29/12693030/verizon-lte-advanced-461-cities-launched-faster-data-speeds. live.
  64. News: Verizon reaches goal of 5G in 30 cities in 2019, adds Cleveland and Columbus . de Looper . Christian . . December 23, 2019 . January 15, 2020 . January 9, 2021 . https://web.archive.org/web/20210109120041/https://www.digitaltrends.com/mobile/verizon-5g-rollout/ . live .
  65. Web site: Verizon CEO defends mmWave strategy for 5G. Alleven. Monica. January 30, 2020. FierceWireless. en. February 25, 2020. December 1, 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20201201235858/https://www.fiercewireless.com/tech/verizon-ceo-defends-mmwave-strategy-for-5g. live.
  66. News: There are three types of 5G — most of what you'll get is not the super-fast kind . Sherman . Alex . Haselton . Todd . . January 9, 2020 . January 15, 2020 . November 27, 2020 . https://web.archive.org/web/20201127154843/https://www.cnbc.com/2020/01/09/what-is-5g-heres-what-verizon-att-sprint-and-t-mobile-offer.html . live .
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  81. Web site: Analog Cellular (AMPS) (1G) . Telephone World . February 2, 2024 . As of February 18, 2008, carriers in the United States were no longer required to support AMPS and companies such as AT&T and Verizon Communications have discontinued this service permanently..
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  84. Bloatware Creeps Into Android Phones. Wired. July 22, 2010. March 12, 2017. November 9, 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20201109002933/http://www.wired.com/2010/07/bloatware-android-phones/. live.
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  90. Web site: Verizon's exclusivity for live games on mobile expected to end. Sports Business Daily. en-US. October 23, 2017. October 23, 2017. October 20, 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20201020035937/https://www.sportsbusinessdaily.com/Journal/Issues/2017/10/23/Leagues-and-Governing-Bodies/NFL-notes.aspx. live.
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  92. Web site: Verizon's new plans raise prices for more data. USA Today. July 18, 2016. August 28, 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20200828070741/https://www.usatoday.com/story/tech/2016/07/06/amid-growing-competition-verizon-revamps-data-plans/86755334/. live.
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  95. Web site: Verizon Cloud backup service rolling out for Android, comes soon to iOS . Jon . Fingas . April 29, 2013 . . July 21, 2015 . September 23, 2018 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180923123841/https://www.engadget.com/2013/04/29/verizon-cloud-backup-app-rolling-out-for-android-coming-to-ios/ . live .
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  102. Web site: So is Verizon's 'More Everything' plan a good deal? . Roger . Cheng . February 13, 2014 . . July 21, 2015 . November 30, 2018 . https://web.archive.org/web/20181130121014/https://www.cnet.com/news/so-is-verizons-more-everything-plan-a-good-deal/ . live .
  103. Web site: LG GizmoPal wearable lets kids call their parents with one button . Edgar . Alvarez . November 26, 2014 . . July 21, 2015 . December 1, 2019 . https://web.archive.org/web/20191201143205/https://www.engadget.com/2014/11/26/lg-gizmopal-verizon/ . live .
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  105. Web site: GPS, geofencing drive highway department efficiency . John Breeden II . June 5, 2014 . GCN . July 21, 2015 . October 27, 2020 . https://web.archive.org/web/20201027155934/https://gcn.com/articles/2014/06/05/cheektowaga-xora.aspx . live .
  106. News: Crucial features iPhone users just take for granted . Bradley . Tony . . December 31, 2014 . July 21, 2015 . October 25, 2020 . https://web.archive.org/web/20201025062921/https://www.forbes.com/sites/tonybradley/2014/12/31/crucial-features-iphone-users-just-take-for-granted/ . live .
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  112. News: Verizon kills off service contracts, smartphone subsidies . Cheng . Roger . . August 7, 2015 . February 4, 2016 . December 23, 2020 . https://web.archive.org/web/20201223134835/https://www.cnet.com/news/verizon-kills-off-service-contracts-smartphone-subsidies/ . live .
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  117. News: Verizon: All 21 LTE in Rural America carrier partners have launched service . Goldstein . Phil . Fierce Wireless . October 15, 2015 . January 28, 2016 . July 15, 2020 . https://web.archive.org/web/20200715085313/https://www.fiercewireless.com/wireless/verizon-all-21-lte-rural-america-carrier-partners-have-launched-service . dead .
  118. Web site: Verizon's LTE in Rural America (LRA) Program Celebrates Five Years of Delivering Advanced Wireless Services to Rural Customers. Verizon Wireless News Center. May 15, 2015. May 20, 2015. October 26, 2016. https://web.archive.org/web/20161026214648/http://www.verizonwireless.com/news/article/2015/05/verizons-lte-in-rural-america-lra-program-celebrates-five-years-of-delivering-advanced-wireless-services-to-rural-customers.html. live.

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