| Election Name: | 1954 Belgian general election |
| Country: | Belgium |
| Type: | parliamentary |
| Ongoing: | no |
| Previous Election: | 1950 Belgian general election |
| Previous Year: | 1950 |
| Next Election: | 1958 Belgian general election |
| Next Year: | 1958 |
| Seats For Election: | 212 seats in the Chamber of Representatives |
| Election Date: | 11 April 1954 |
| Leader1: | Jean Van Houtte |
| Leader Since1: | Candidate for PM |
| Party1: | Christian Social Party (Belgium, defunct) |
| Last Election1: | 108 seats, 47.68% |
| Seats1: | 95 |
| Seat Change1: | 13 |
| Popular Vote1: | 2,123,408 |
| Percentage1: | 41.15% |
| Swing1: | 6.53% |
| Leader2: | Achille Van Acker |
| Leader Since2: | Candidate for PM |
| Party2: | Belgian Socialist Party |
| Last Election2: | 73 seats, 34.51% |
| Seats2: | 82 |
| Seat Change2: | 9 |
| Popular Vote2: | 1,927,015 |
| Percentage2: | 37.34% |
| Swing2: | 2.83% |
| Leader3: | Henri Liebaert |
| Leader Since3: | 1953 |
| Party3: | Liberal Party (Belgium) |
| Last Election3: | 20 seats, 11.25% |
| Seats3: | 24 |
| Seat Change3: | 4 |
| Popular Vote3: | 626,983 |
| Percentage3: | 12.15% |
| Swing3: | 0.90% |
| Leader4: | N/A |
| Leader Since4: | N/A |
| Party4: | LSK |
| Last Election4: | 4 seats, 1.77% |
| Seats4: | 5 |
| Seat Change4: | 1 |
| Popular Vote4: | 108,175 |
| Percentage4: | 2.10% |
| Swing4: | 0.33% |
| Color4: | 800080 |
| Leader5: | Edgard Lalmand |
| Leader Since5: | 1943 |
| Party5: | Communist |
| Last Election5: | 7 seats, 4.75% |
| Seats5: | 4 |
| Seat Change5: | 3 |
| Popular Vote5: | 184,108 |
| Percentage5: | 3.57% |
| Swing5: | 1.18% |
| Leader6: | Walter Couvreur |
| Leader Since6: | 1954 |
| Party6: | CVV |
| Last Election6: | New |
| Seats6: | 1 |
| Seat Change6: | New |
| Popular Vote6: | 113,632 |
| Percentage6: | 2.20% |
| Swing6: | New |
| Color6: | 000000 |
| Government | |
| Posttitle: | Government after election |
| Before Election: | van Houtte |
| Before Party: | Christian Social Party (Belgium, defunct) |
| After Election: | van Acker IV |
| After Party: | BSP/PSB-Lib |
General elections were held in Belgium on 11 April 1954.[1] The dominant Christian Social Party won 95 of the 212 seats in the Chamber of Representatives and 49 of the 106 seats in the Senate.[2] Voter turnout was 93.2%.[3] Elections for the nine provincial councils were also held.
The outgoing Catholic government led by Jean Van Houtte lost their majority in parliament. The two other main parties, the Socialist and Liberal Party, subsequently formed a rare "purple" government with Achille Van Acker as Prime Minister. Both parties had an anti-clerical agenda and aimed to reverse policies of the Catholic government regarding private schools. This would become known as the Second School War.