Beijing Guoan F.C. Explained

Clubname:Beijing Guoan
北京国安
Upright:0.75
Fullname:
北京国安足球俱乐部
Nickname:御林军
(The Imperial Guards)
Ground:Workers' Stadium
Capacity:68,000
Chairman:Zhou Jinhui
Manager:Ricardo Soares
Current:2024 Beijing Guoan F.C. season
Pattern La1:_guoan24h
Pattern B1:_guoan24h
Pattern Ra1:_guoan24h
Leftarm1:008000
Body1:008000
Rightarm1:008000
Shorts1:008000
Socks1:008000
Pattern B2:_guoan24a
Leftarm2:FFFFFF
Body2:FFFFFF
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Website:http://www.fcguoan.com/
Showflag:stp
Order:st
Beijing Guoan
S:北京国安
T:北京國安
P:Běijīng Guó'ān
W:Pei3-ch'ing1 Kuo2-an1
Gr:Beeijing Gwoan

Beijing Guoan Football Club, known internationally as Beijing FC,[1] is a Chinese professional football club based in Beijing, that competes in . Beijing Guoan plays its home matches at the Workers' Stadium, located within Chaoyang District. In early 2021, the shareholders changed from the real estate company Sinobo Group (64%) and CITIC Limited (36%) of CITIC Group to just Sinobo Group (100%).[2] Beijing Guoan is one of the four clubs to have never been relegated from the Chinese top-flight since the Chinese Super League's foundation in 2004.

The club's predecessor was called Beijing Football Club and they predominantly played in the top tier, where they won several domestic league and cup titles. On December 29, 1992,[3] the club was recognized to become a completely professional football club, making them one of the founding members of the first fully professional top-tier league in China. Since then, they have gone on to win their first ever professional league title in the 2009 league season as well as the 1996, 1997, 2003, and 2018 Chinese FA Cup.

According to Forbes, Guoan was the second most valuable football team in China, with a team value of US$167 million, and an estimated revenue of US$30 million in 2015.[4] According to the disclosure of CITIC Pacific, the club revenue was in the 2013 season.[5] In the 2015 season, the sponsorship from CITIC Securities was .[6]

History

1950s–1992: Early club era

The club's first incarnation came in 1951 when the local government sports body decided to take part in China's first fully nationalized national football league tournament.[7] To prepare for the competition they participated in the 1951 North China Football Competition where they officially unveiled the team for the first time on 28 October 1951.[8] After this tournament the relevant parties decided to form a football team with the best players from Beijing and Tianjin to create the North China team who were unveiled on 1 December 1951 for the start of the national football league tournament.[9] [10] The team name was taken from the football team in the 1910 multi-sport event Chinese National Games that also represented the same regions.[11] The team ended up finishing fourth in their debut season and with the football league gradually expanding, the players from Beijing and Tianjin were allowed to separate and the local Beijing government sports body was allowed to reform the club as Beijing Football Club in 1955. The club made its debut appearance in the 1956 season and wore an all-white home kit and all-red away strip.[12] In the 1956 campaign, the club was also allowed to enter their youth team called Beijing Youth B, who actually went on to win the league title while Beijing came sixth that season.[13] The club strengthened their hold on the following seasons when they won the 1957 and 1958 league titles.[14] With these results, the club had become a major force within Chinese football, and with the club's youth team still participating within the top tier, there was a constant supply of players coming into the team to fight for places. Being China's capital city and for their success on the field, the club had become a feeder team for the Chinese national team. This often saw the club unable to complete a full championship schedule and the youth team were often used to represent the club, which did little to diminish Beijing football and actually resulted in the youth team winning the 1963 championship for the second time, showing the strength in depth of the region of Beijing football until 1966, when the Chinese Cultural Revolution halted football within the country.[15] When football returned to China, Beijing won the 1973 league title in the newly re-established footballing league.[16] While Beijing once again re-established themselves as major title contenders, they did not win any major titles until 1982, where they won the league title, followed by the 1984 league title and the 1985 Chinese FA Cup title. After this period, Beijing's performances seemed to have declined and were relegated for the first time in their history to the second tier at the end of the 1988 season. However, their time within the second tier was short-lived and they won the division title and promotion to the first tier at the end of the 1990 season.[17] In total, Beijing had won the league title five times during the old Chinese National Football League era before the club was given full professionalism in 1992.[18]

1992–1999: Professionalism

Beijing Guoan was formed on 29 December 1992, as a result of the Chinese football reform, which was the Chinese Football Association's attempt to professionalize the Chinese football league system. The club was set up by CITIC Guoan of CITIC Group, a state-owned enterprise of China, and the Beijing Municipal Sports Committee.[19] [20] The club then took part in the 1994 Chinese Jia-A League season, making them a founding member of the first fully professional top-tier league in China and changed their home colors to green to symbolize the change.[12] In their first professional season, Beijing finished in a disappointing eighth out of twelve teams and club manager Tang Pengju was relieved of his duties.[21] The club brought in Jin Zhiyang to manage them the following season and the results under his reign improved enough for them to finish the 1995 campaign in the runner-up position.[22] The following season, Jin Zhiyang lead Beijing to their first professional trophy when they beat Jinan Taishan Jiangjun 4–1 to win the 1996 Chinese FA Cup.[23] Jin Zhiyang was able to retain the Cup the following year with a 2–1 victory against Shanghai Shenhua, which impressed the Chinese FA, who lured him away from Beijing when they offered him a position with the Chinese national team.[24] Assistant coach Shen Xiangfu stepped into the managerial role and in his debut season, he guided the club to third within the league. However, in his second season the team slid down to sixth and he left the club.[25]

2000–2009: Foreign influences

Serbian Milovan Đorić became Beijing's first foray with a foreign manager when he joined the club at the start of the 2000 league season. His reign was exceptionally short-lived after he lost his first three games of the season before he was replaced with native coach Wei Kexing.[26] At the start of the 2002 league season, Beijing hired their second foreign manager in Ljupko Petrović.[27] Foreign influences continued in 2003, when the club signed a three-year endorsement contract with jointly-owned South Korean company Beijing Hyundai, which resulted in the club changing its name to Beijing Hyundai to accommodate this.[28] In 2005, Spanish football club Real Madrid went into negotiations with Beijing on a football development project.[29] At the start of the 2007 league season, two-time Chinese FA Cup winner with Chongqing Lifan and Qingdao Beilaite, Lee Jang-soo, was hired as the team's manager. The South Korean manager, in his debut season, guided the club to second within the league. By the 2009 league season, the club had returned to the Workers Stadium (after it had been in renovation for the 2008 Summer Olympics) under Lee Jang-soo's helm. It looked as if the club would be winning its first professional league title until a 2–0 defeat from Changchun Yatai on 15 September 2009, which saw the club slip to third place and Lee Jang-soo was unscrupulously fired with seven games remaining.[30] Former Beijing player Hong Yuanshuo was immediately brought into the team and on the final day of the season, Beijing thrashed Hangzhou Greentown 4–0 to clinch the 2009 league championship.[31]

2020–present: Effects of COVID-19

Ownership

Despite being founded by CITIC Guoan Group, the stake of the football club was held by another subsidiary, CITIC Corp., Ltd. of CITIC Group, a Beijing-incorporated SPV, for a possible listing in mainland China since 2012.[32] (CITIC Group invited other investors to purchase the new shares of CITIC Guoan Group in 2014,[33] making the company no longer a subsidiary of CITIC Group). In 2014, CITIC Group floated, by backdoor listing, most of their assets to their Hong Kong-based subsidiary CITIC Pacific (renaming it to CITIC Limited), including the entire share capital of "CITIC Corp.", thus the stake of the football club was indirectly floated in a stock exchange.

On 27 December 2016, real estate company Sinobo Group participated in the capital increase of the club for a reported 64% stake, which was finalised on 10 January 2017, making them the largest shareholder.[34] [35] According to a Chinese Government database, the share capital of the club had increased from to, making Sinobo Group own a 64.00% stake with par value and undisclosed share premium. The club was also renamed to Beijing Sinobo Guoan F.C. Co., Ltd..[36]

Name history

Stadiums

See main article: article, Workers' Stadium (1959–2020), Workers' Stadium (former), Beijing Fengtai Stadium and Workers' Stadium.

Five stadiums in four sites have been used as the home ground of Beijing Guoan since 1994:

Kits

Kit suppliers and shirt sponsors

PeriodKit supplierShirt sponsor
1993 Umbro
1994
1995 NikeRyobi
1996Ryobi
1997Ryobi
1998Ryobi
1999Ryobi
2000中信国安
2001华友通信
2002京华时报
2003SONATA
2004北京现代
2005北京现代
2006 Adidas北京现代 (CSL rounds 1–4)
No sponsor (CSL rounds 5–28)
2007中信银行
2008中信银行 (CSL)
BBVA (ACL)
2009中信银行 (CSL)
BBVA (ACL)
2010 Nike中信银行 (CSL)
BBVA (ACL)
2011中信银行 (CSL)
2012中信银行 (CSL)
BBVA (ACL)
2013中信银行 (CSL 1st half season)
华泰汽车 (CSL 2nd half season)
BBVA (ACL)
2014警视媒体 (CSL)
华泰汽车 (ACL play-off)
中信银行 (ACL group stage)
2015中信证券 (CSL)
中信银行 (ACL)
2016中信证券
2017中信证券
2018中赫集团
2019中赫集团
2020中赫集团 (CSL, ACL rounds 2–6, ACL knockouts)
武汉加油 (ACL round 1)
2021中赫集团
2022中赫集团
2023JD.com
2024JD.com

Rivalries

See main article: Beijing derby.

Beijing Guoan's fiercest and oldest rivalry is against Shanghai Shenhua and is often referred to as the Jing-Hu derby, a.k.a. the rivalry between Beijing and Shanghai.[41] The rivalry with Shenhua is viewed as a manifestation of the rivalry that exists between the cities on which is the most important towards the country, as one is the center of government while the other is the financial centre of modern commerce within China.[42] With each club being able to claim an extensive history spanning successful periods, direct competition for silverware, however, rarely coincided until the 1997 league season. With Shenhua having won the 1995 league title and Beijing having won the 1996 Chinese FA Cup, both teams looked as if they had the pedigree to win silverware that season and on July 20, 1997, in a vital league game, Beijing thrashed Shenhua 9–1 at the Workers' Stadium in Beijing.[43] It was Beijing's largest victory and Shenhua's greatest defeat ever recorded. Soon after that match, both teams met again in the 1997 FA Cup final, which saw Beijing win the cup.[44] Between 2010 and 2024, Beijing Guoan holds a record of twelve straight wins over Shanghai Shenhua at the Workers' Stadium, Beijing Guoan's home ground.[45]

The Jing-Jin derby is a local and long-standing rivalry between Beijing Guoan and neighboring Tianjin Jinmen Tiger.[46] Both teams can trace their histories to the North China team before it split to form the Beijing Football Club and Tianjin Football Club.[13] Since then, both clubs have predominantly remained within the top tier of Chinese football, providing a constant rivalry fixture which has led to intense matches that have spilled out away from the stadiums and onto the streets that have led to property destruction as well as further intensifying their relationship.[47]

Current squad

First team

[48]

Retired numbers

See main article: Retired numbers in football. 12 – retired in Jan 2016 for club Supporters (the 12th Man).[49]

13 – retired for the club legend, Xu Yunlong.

Senior club officials

See also: List of Beijing Guoan F.C. chairmen and general managers.

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Technical staff

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Manager history

See main article: List of Beijing Guoan F.C. managers.

NameCoaching period
Xue Jizhu1956
Chen Chengda1957–1958
Shi Wanchun1959–1972
Zeng Xuelin1973–1982
Sun Yunshan1983–1985
Jin Zhiyang1986
Cheng Wenkuan1987
Tang Pengju1988–1994
Jin Zhiyang1995–1998
Shen Xiangfu1998–1999
Milovan Đorić1999–2000
Wei Kexing2000–2002
Ljupko Petrović2002
Jose Carlos de Oliveira2002–2003
Ljupko Petrović2003
Wei Kexing2003–2004
Shen Xiangfu2005–2006
Lee Jang-soo2006–2009
Hong Yuanshuo2009–2010
Wei Kexing2010 (caretaker)
Jaime Pacheco2010–2012
Aleksandar Stanojević2012–2013
Xie Feng2014 (caretaker)
Gregorio Manzano2014–2015
Alberto Zaccheroni2016
Xie Feng2016 (caretaker)
José González2016–2017
Xie Feng2017 (caretaker)
Roger Schmidt2017–2019
Bruno Génésio2019–2020
Slaven Bilić2021
Xie Feng2022
Sui Dongliang2022 (caretaker)
Stanley Menzo2022–2023
Ricardo Soares2023–

Captain history

CaptainBirth yearPeriod
Wei Kexing19631994
Cao Xiandong19681995–1997
Zhou Ning19741998
Xie Zhaoyang19721999–2003
Tao Wei19782004–2008
Yang Pu19782007–2008
Xu Yunlong19792008–2016
Zhang Yonghai19792009
Yang Zhi19832017
Yu Dabao19882018–

Honours

First team

All-time honours list, including semi-professional Beijing period.[18] [50]

Chinese Super League

Chinese Jia-A League

Chinese FA Cup

Chinese FA Super Cup

Personal honours

PlayerHonourSeason
Jorge Luis CamposPlayer of the Year1997
Branko JelićPlayer of the Year2005
Branko JelićChinese Super League Top Scorer2005
Gregorio ManzanoChinese Football Association Coach of the Year2014
Cédric BakambuChinese Super League Top Scorer2020

Results

All-time league rankings

As of the end of the 2023 season.[51] [52]

Managerial history[53] [54]

YearDivPtswidth=2%Pos.width=4%FA Cupwidth=2%Super Cupwidth=2%League CupACLOtherAtt./GStadium
1956 1 6 2 3 1 7 5 2 9 6 3  –  –  –
1957 1 11 8 3 0 28 10 18 30 C  –  – Xiannongtan Stadium
1958 1 21 17 3 1 54 13 41 58 C  –  –
1960 1 15 5 3 7 14 21 −7 5 14 QR1  –  – Workers' Stadium / Xiannongtan Stadium
1961 1 19 7 9 3 27 14 13 9 4  –  – Official Park Stadium / Workers' Stadium
1962 1 15 11 4 0 43 7 36 10  –  –  – Xiannongtan Stadium / Workers' Stadium
1963 1 9 7 2 0 21 5 16 7  –  –  –
1964 1 22 9 2 11 24 29 −520 6  –  – Workers' Stadium / Official Park Stadium
1965 1 11 5 2 4 16 142 12 3  –  –  –
1973 1 22 15 2 5 43 25 18 21 C  –  – Workers' Stadium / Xiannongtan Stadium
1974 1 9 6 2 1 17 5 12 15 3  –  – Workers' Stadium / Xuanwu Stadium
1976 1 9 7 1 1 25 5 20 15 1  –  –
1977 1 17 10 6 1 41 14 27 7 RU  –  –
1978 1 30 16 12 2 41 18 23 44 3  –  –
1979 1 30 9 11 10 24 27 −3 29 10  –  –
1980 1 30 9 11 10 35 33 2 28 9  –  –
1981 1 30 20  – 10 40 3  –  –
1982 1 30 22  – 8 37 18 19 44 C  –  –
1983 1 16 12  – 4 19 16 3 24 2  –  –
1984 1 30 23  – 7 47 30 17 46 C 5  –  –
1985 1 15 7  – 8 16 10 C  –  –
1986 1 14 8 4 2 20 12 8 20 3 RU  –  –
1 14 5 2 7 19 25 −6 17 6  –  –
1 25 12 3 10 25 27 −2 40.5 9  –  –
1989 2 22 9 10 3 32 15 17 40 3  –  –
1990 2 22 14 6 2 40 21 19 48 C SF  –  –
1 14 5 5 4 22 21 1 16 3 SF  –  –
1 14 5 3 6 21 20 1 13 6 QF  –  –
1 12 6 0 6 18 14 4 12 3  –  – Heshan City Stadium
1 22 7 8 7 42 34 8 22 8  –  – DNE 14,091 Xiannongtan Stadium
1 22 12 6 4 36 20 16 42 RU SF DNQ  – 26,364
1 22 9 6 7 30 25 5 33 4 C DNQ  – 36,182 Workers' Stadium
1 22 8 10 4 34 20 14 34 3 C RU  – 3 24,727
1 26 10 13 3 32 19 13 43 3 QF C  – R2 27,538
1 26 9 9 8 38 25 13 36 6 QF DNQ  – 24,231
1 26 9 8 9 38 32 6 35 6 RU DNQ  – 18,692
1 26 9 6 11 30 33 −3 33 8 RU DNQ  – 15,385
1 28 15 7 6 49 29 20 52 3 R2 DNQ  – 32,429
1 28 9 9 10 34 26 8 36 9 C C  – 16,500
1 22 8 7 7 35 33 2 28 7 R2 R1 10,864
1 26 12 4 10 46 32 14 40 6 SF QF 18,923
1 28 13 10 5 27 16 11 49 3 R2 13,571 Fengtai Stadium
1 28 15 9 4 45 19 26 54 RU 21,571
1 30 16 10 4 44 27 17 58 3 14,641
1 30 13 12 5 48 28 20 51 C 36,805 Workers' Stadium
1 30 12 10 8 35 29 6 46 5 33,342
1 30 14 11 5 49 21 28 53 RU SF DNQ40,397
1 30 14 6 10 34 35 −1 48 3 QF DNQ 36,879
1 30 14 9 7 54 31 23 51 3 SF DNQ 39,269
1 30 21 4 5 50 25 25 67 RU QF DNQ 39,395
1 30 16 8 6 46 26 20 56 4 R4 DNQ 40,997
1 30 11 10 9 34 26 18 43 5 QF DNQ DNQ38,140
1 30 11 7 12 42 42 0 40 9 R4 DNQ DNQ34,686
1 30 15 8 7 64 45 19 53 4 C DNQ DNQ41,743
1 30 23 1 6 60 26 34 70 RU QF RU Group39,938
1 20 10 7 3 44 27 17 28 3 QF DNQ QF –  –
1 22 9 6 7 26 28 -2 33 5 R4 DNQ Group –  –
1 34 17 7 10 57 49 8 58 7 R2 DNQ DNQ –  –
1 30 14 9 7 53 35 18 51 6 QF DNQ DNQ 43,769 Workers' Stadium

Key

  China top division
  China second division
  China third division
C  Champions
RU  Runners-up
3  Third place
  Relegated

International results

SeasonCompetitionRoundOppositionScore
1997–98[55] Asian Cup Winners' CupFirst round New Radiant4–0 (H), 8–0 (N)
Second round Abahani KC0–1 (A), 2–0 (H)
Quarter-finals Verdy Kawasaki0–2 (A), 1–0 (H)
Semi-finals Suwon Samsung Bluewings0–5 (N)
Third place match Köpetdag Aşgabat4–1 (N)
1998–99[56] Asian Cup Winners' CupFirst round Salgaocar1–0 (A), 4–0 (H)
Second round Chunnam Dragons0–2 (H), 2–0 (A)
2008[57] AFC Champions LeagueGroup F Nam Định F.C.1–3 (A), 3–0 (H)
Krung Thai Bank F.C.4–2 (H), 5–3 (A)
Kashima Antlers1–0 (A), 1–0 (H)
2009[58] AFC Champions LeagueGroup E Newcastle Jets FC2–0 (H), 2–1 (A)
Nagoya Grampus0–0 (A), 1–1 (H)
Ulsan Hyundai FC1–0 (A), 0–1 (H)
2010[59] AFC Champions LeagueGroup E Melbourne Victory FC1–0 (H), 0–0 (A)
Kawasaki Frontale1–3 (A), 2–0 (H)
Seongnam Ilhwa Chunma3–1 (A), 0–1 (H)
Round of 16 Suwon Samsung Bluewings2–0 (A)
2012[60] AFC Champions LeagueGroup F Ulsan Hyundai FC2–1 (A), 2–3 (H)
Brisbane Roar FC1–1 (H), 1–1 (A)
FC Tokyo1–1 (H), 3–0 (A)
2013[61] AFC Champions LeagueGroup G Pohang Steelers0–0 (A), 2–0 (H)
Sanfrecce Hiroshima2–1 (H), 0–0 (A)
Bunyodkor PFK0–0 (A), 0–1 (H)
Round of 16 FC Seoul0–0 (H), 3–1 (A)
2014[62] AFC Champions LeaguePlay-off round 3 Chonburi F.C.4–0 (H)
Group F Sanfrecce Hiroshima1–1 (A), 2–2 (H)
FC Seoul1–1 (H), 2–1 (A)
Central Coast Mariners FC2–1 (H), 1–0 (A)
2015[63] AFC Champions LeaguePlay-off round Bangkok Glass F.C.3–0 (H)
Group E Brisbane Roar FC0–1 (A), 0–1 (H)
Suwon Samsung Bluewings1–0 (H), 1–1 (A)
Urawa Red Diamonds2–0 (H), 1–1 (A)
Round of 16 Jeonbuk Hyundai Motors FC1–1 (A), 0–1 (H)
2019AFC Champions LeagueGroup G Jeonbuk Hyundai Motors FC0–1 (H), 3–1 (A)
Urawa Red Diamonds0–0 (H), 3–0 (A)
Buriram United2–0 (H), 1–3 (A)
2020AFC Champions LeagueGroup E FC Seoul2–1 (N), 3–1 (N)
Chiangrai United0–1 (A), 1–1 (N)
Melbourne Victory3–1 (N), 2–0 (N)
Round of 16 FC Tokyo1–0 (N)
Quarter-final Ulsan Hyundai0–2 (N)
2021AFC Champions LeagueGroup I United City1–1 (N), 2–3 (N)
Kawasaki Frontale0–7 (N), 0–4 (N)
Daegu FC0–5 (N), 0–3 (N)
On neutral venues, the scores for Beijing F.C. are written first.
Key

Records

Wins

Defeats

Streaks

See also

External links

Notes and References

  1. Web site: Club history made, Génésio calls for more from Beijing FC in AFC Champions League. the-afc.com. 7 December 2020. 4 January 2024. en.
  2. http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/2021-06/21/c_1310019637.htm Beijing Guoan to keep original name, as the transfer of shares completed
  3. Web site: Beijing Guoan F.C. Official Website . 2024-05-20 . www.fcguoan.com.
  4. Web site: Chinese Soccer's Most Valuable Teams. Forbes. 14 August 2016. Sergei. Klebnikov. 10 August 2016. 15 September 2016. https://web.archive.org/web/20160915154955/http://www.forbes.com/pictures/gkle45fmd/2-beijing-guoan/. live.
  5. VERY SUBSTANTIAL ACQUISITION AND CONNECTED TRANSACTION: PROPOSED ISSUE OF THE CONSIDERATION SHARES AND THE PLACING SHARES UNDER THE SPECIFIC MANDATE.... 16 April 2014. 22 January 2017. CITIC Pacific. Hong Kong Exchanges and Clearing Limited. 2 February 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20170202055716/http://www.hkexnews.hk/listedco/listconews/sehk/2014/0416/LTN20140416503.pdf. live.
  6. 2015 ANNUAL RESULTS ANNOUNCEMENT. 23 March 2016. CITIC Securities. Hong Kong Exchanges and Clearing Limited. 22 January 2017. 2 February 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20170202055941/http://www.hkexnews.hk/listedco/listconews/sehk/2016/0323/LTN201603231169.pdf. live.
  7. Web site: 史万春先生与北京足球队. fcguoan.sina.com.cn. 2010-09-06. 2023-05-16.
  8. Web site: 一张老照片讲述北京足球史 张路:国安前身北京的根. sports.sina.com.cn. 2013-07-19. 2023-05-16.
  9. Web site: 他的足球人生,就是一部国足专业体制年代的史书,年维泗 . sohu.com. 2021-10-19. 2023-05-16.
  10. Web site: China league tables 1951 . 22 October 2009 . . 10 April 2012 . 7 June 2014 . https://web.archive.org/web/20140607124048/http://www.rsssf.com/tablesc/chinahist.html . live .
  11. Web site: China 1910 . 22 Oct 2009 . 3 September 2014 . live. . https://web.archive.org/web/20140822075524/http://www.rsssf.com/tablesc/chinahist.html#10 . 22 August 2014 .
  12. Web site: 北京国安足球俱乐部介绍与历史记录-北京国安 . 23yy.com . 2015-03-02 . 2015-04-29 . https://web.archive.org/web/20150518081042/http://www.23yy.com/2550000/2544117.shtml . 2015-05-18 . dead.
  13. Web site: China league tables 1956 . 22 October 2009 . . 10 April 2012 . 7 June 2014 . https://web.archive.org/web/20140607124048/http://www.rsssf.com/tablesc/chinahist.html . live .
  14. Web site: China league tables 1957 . 22 October 2009 . . 10 April 2012 . 7 June 2014 . https://web.archive.org/web/20140607124048/http://www.rsssf.com/tablesc/chinahist.html . live .
  15. Web site: China league tables 1963 . 22 October 2009 . . 2 December 2013 . 7 June 2014 . https://web.archive.org/web/20140607124048/http://www.rsssf.com/tablesc/chinahist.html . live .
  16. Web site: China league tables 1973 . 22 October 2009 . . 10 April 2012 . 7 June 2014 . https://web.archive.org/web/20140607124048/http://www.rsssf.com/tablesc/chinahist.html . live .
  17. Web site: China league tables 1990 . 22 October 2009 . . 10 April 2012 . 3 December 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20221203190413/https://www.rsssf.org/tablesc/china90.html . live .
  18. Web site: China – List of Champions . 2015-11-05 . . 2015-11-09 . 2014-07-04 . https://web.archive.org/web/20140704080845/http://www.rsssf.com/tablesc/chinachamp.html . live .
  19. Web site: 国安足球俱乐部 Beijing Guoan Football Club . Beijing Guoan Football Club . 2008-03-09 . https://web.archive.org/web/20080214090626/http://www.gaf.citic.com/english/club.htm . 2008-02-14 . dead.
  20. Web site: 北京国安俱乐部简介 . sports.sohu.com . 2011-04-09 . 2015-02-17 . 2014-12-19 . https://web.archive.org/web/20141219175405/http://sports.sohu.com/20110409/n280198601.shtml . live .
  21. Web site: China League 1994 . 2003-06-19 . 2015-04-09 . live. . https://web.archive.org/web/20140727150541/http://www.rsssf.com/tablesc/china94.html . 2014-07-27 .
  22. Web site: China League 1995. 2003-06-19. RSSSF. 2015-04-09. 2022-08-07. https://web.archive.org/web/20220807182612/https://www.rsssf.org/tablesc/china95.html. live.
  23. Web site: China 1997 – FA Cup. 1999-12-06. RSSSF. 2015-04-09. 2022-08-12. https://web.archive.org/web/20220812065606/https://www.rsssf.org/tablesc/chinacup97.html. live.
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