| Official Name: | Beanibazar Upazila |
| Native Name: | বিয়ানীবাজার |
| Native Name Lang: | bn |
| Subdivision Type: | Country |
| Subdivision Name: |  Bangladesh |
| Subdivision Type1: | Division |
| Subdivision Name1: | Sylhet |
| Subdivision Type2: | District |
| Subdivision Name2: | Sylhet |
| Leader Title: | MP (Sylhet-6) |
| Leader Name: | Vacant (ad interim) |
| Leader Title2: | Municipality Mayor |
| Leader Name2: | Vacant |
| Leader Title3: | Upazila Chairman |
| Leader Name3: | Vacant |
| Established Title: | Thana |
| Established Date: | 1938 |
| Established Title2: | Upazila |
| Established Date2: | 1983 |
| Area Total Km2: | 253.24 |
| Population As Of: | 2011 |
| Population Total: | 253616 |
| Population Density Km2: | auto |
| Population Demonym: | Beanibazari, Sylheti |
| Timezone: | BST |
| Utc Offset: | +6 |
| Postal Code Type: | Postal code |
| Postal Code: | 3170-75 |
| Coordinates: | 24.825°N 92.1625°W |
| Beanibazar | |
| Leader Title1: | Upazila Nirbahi Officer (UNO) |
| Leader Name1: | MD. Ashique Nur |
| Settlement Type: | Upazila |
Beanibazar (Bengali: বিয়ানীবাজার|Biyanībazar|Morning Market) is an upazila (sub-district) of Sylhet District in northeastern Bangladesh, part of the Sylhet Division. The area is the successor of the territory of Panchakhanda, formerly ruled by the aristocratic Pal family.[1]
Beanibazar was part of the Kamarupa Kingdom in ancient times along with North Bengal and Mymensingh. The Nidhanpur copperplate inscription records a 7th-century land grant to 200 Brahmins near the Kushiyara River by King Bhaskaravarman.[2] [3]
The historic Panchakhanda pargana covered all of Beanibazar as well as surrounding areas.[1] In the medieval period, the scarcely inhabited area of Panchakhanda was a feudal monarchy under Kalidas Pal and his descendants who assumed the title Raja.[4] The ruins of the Pal royal palace and the large dighi (reservoir) that it sits beside were constructed by Kalidas's great-grandson, Varanasi Pal, in the 7th century BS (s CE).[5] They can still be seen in Beanibazar today.[6] [7] The Pals significantly developed and cultivated Panchakhanda allowing the migration of groups such as the Mahimals (who were led by their two Sardars Raghai and Basai) into the area. Mahimals subsequently maintained a presence in the region into modern times.[4] After the Conquest of Sylhet in 1303, Khwaja Adina Sufi - a disciple of Shah Jalal - migrated to what is now Adinabad in Charkhai (in Beanibazar) where he preached Islam to the local people.[8] Three generations after Varanasi Pal, during the reign of Ramjivan Pal, Panchakhanda came under the suzerainty of the Sultan of Bengal.[4] Pratapchandra Pal of this family converted to Islam and founded the Muslim branch of the Pal dynasty in the Baghprachanda Khan mouza.[4]
The name Beanibazar is derived from the existing Bihani Bazaar ("Morning Market") which was founded by the local landowner Krishna Kishore Pal Chowdhury.[9] On 29 December 1912, a cultivator in Nidhanpur village discovered what he thought was a clue to the location of a hidden treasure, during the process of building his buffalo shed. He took the plates to a local landholder who brought them to the attention of authorities in Silchar, thus rediscovering the Nidhanpur copperplate inscriptions.[10]
On 18 May 1940, one of the five thanas of the Karimganj Mahakuma, Jolodhup, was planned to also be split into two – Beanibazar and Barlekha. Beanibazar was given to the Sylhet Mahakuma while Barlekha went to South Sylhet Mahakuma.[11] The upazila was the headquarters of the Nankar Rebellion. Beanibazar became an upazila in 1983.[12] In the 1990s, coins of a Sultan of Bengal by the name of Nasiruddin Ibrahim Shah (r. 1415/16 - 1416/17) were discovered in Beanibazar.[13] [14] In 2009, the Beanibazar Sporting Club and Beanibazar Cancer & General Hospital were founded.
Beanibazar is located at 24.825°N 92.1625°W. It has a total area of 253.24 km2.[15] It is bordered by Golapganj Upazila to the west, Kanaighat Upazila to the north, Zakiganj Upazila and the Indian state of Assam to the east, and Barlekha Upazila to the south.
Sheola-Sutarkandi International Border Crossing on Bangladesh–India border on Karimganj-Beanibazar route is in Karimganj district of the Indian state of Assam. Famous for having an International trade centre, Sutarkandi is an international border of India and Bangladesh. Through this space, export of fruits, silicon and coal is done. The place is situated in the district of Karimganj, Assam. It is located 14 km away from Karimganj and contains principal custom check post for the trade flow. Two national highway runs through Sutarkandi that is National Highway 151 (old) and National Highway 7 (new) which is 45 km from the border of Sylhet town of Bangladesh.[16]
According to the 2011 Bangladesh census, Beanibazar Upazila had 42,119 households and a population of 253,616. 63,055 (24.86%) were under 10 years of age. Beanibazar had a literacy rate (age 7 and over) of 59.69%, compared to the national average of 51.8%, and a sex ratio of 1046 females per 1000 males. 42,030 (16.57%) lived in urban areas.[17]
Beanibazar Upazila is divided into Beanibazar Municipality and ten union parishads: Alinagar, Charkhai, Dubag, Kurarbazar, Lauta, Mathiura, Mullapur, Muria, Sheola, and Tilpara. The union parishads are subdivided into 132 mauzas and 174 villages.
Beanibazar Municipality is subdivided into 9 wards and 37 mahallas.[17]
| Muzzammil Ali | 5/1985 - 5/1990 | |
| Muzammil Ali | 16/7/1990 - 11/1991 | Second term |
| Abdul Khaliq Mayon | 22/2/2009 - 29/1/2011 | |
| Begum Ruma Chakrabarti | 9/2/2011 - 14/5/2014 | Temporary |
| Ataur Rahman Khan | 14/5/2014 - | |
| Abul Qasim Pallav | Present |