Battle of Anandpur (1685) explained

Conflict:	Battle of Anandpur
Partof:	Hill States-Sikh Wars
Place:	Anandpur Sahib
Date:	1685
Result:	Sikh victory
Combatant1:	Akal Sena (Sikhs)
Commander1:	Guru Gobind Rai
Commander2:	Bhim Chand (Kahlur)
Strength1:	Unknown
Strength2:	Unknown
Casualties1:	Unknown
Casualties2:	Unknown

The Battle of Anandpur (1685) was fought between the Sikhs and an allied force of rajas of the Hill States of the Sivalik range, specifically Kahlur, Kangra, and Guler.^{[1] [2]}

Background

See also: Battle of Anandpur (1682).

Raja Bhim Chand strongly objected to the Guru beating a nagara drum, as it was an action only sovereign rulers took, which is one of the reasons for the conflict.^[3] Another reason is the Guru refusing to lend an elephant, named Prasadi, to Bhim Chand, as the Guru thought the ruler was trying to take the animal away from him permanently for himself.^[4]

Battle

The Hill State allies attacked Anandpur in early 1685 but were repelled.^{[5] [6] [7]}

Aftermath

The Guru left Anandpur for Paonta Sahib in the same year in April or May on the summon of Raja Medni Prakash of Nahan State.^{[8] [9] [10]} One of the reasons the Guru left Anandpur is due to the hostilities he faced with the Hill kings.

See also

• Nihang
• Martyrdom and Sikhism

Notes and References

1. Book: Gill, Pritam Singh . History of Sikh Nation: Foundation, Assassination, Resurrection . New Academic Publishing Company . 1978 . 209 . (ii) Second Battle of Anandpur (1685) : Having lost the first battle, Bhim Chand approached some hill chiefs for help; he formed an alliance with the Rajas of Kangra and Guler. The allies attacked Anandpur in 1685 but they were repulsed..
2. Book: Ralhan, O. P. . The Great Gurus of the Sikhs: Guru Tegh Bahadur & Govind Singh . Anmol Publications Pvt Limited . 4 . 358.
3. Book: Singh, Harbhajan . The encyclopedia of Sikhism: over 1000 entries . 2000 . Hemkunt Publ . 978-81-7010-301-1 . 1. publ . New Delhi . 150.
4. Book: Yasmin, Robina . Muslims under Sikh Rule in the Nineteenth Century: Maharaja Ranjit Singh and Religious Tolerance . Bloomsbury Publishing . 2022 . 9780755640348 . Library of Islamic South Asia . 32 . At the invitation of Raja Mat Parakash of Sirmaur, he moved to Paonta in April 1685. The Gazetteer of the Sirmaur State reports that the Guru had to leave Anandpur Sahib because of a disagreement with Bhim Chand, the Raja of Bilaspur. Ratan Rai, the son of Raja Ram Rai of Assam, visited Anandpur with his mother and several ministers and presented gifts to the Guru, including an elephant called Prasadi. Some days later, Bhim Chand sent a message to Anandpur, asking the Guru to lend him Prasadi. The Guru suspected that Bhim Chand wanted to gain permanent possession of the elephant, and declined his demand. An atmosphere of confrontation developed between the two on such small issues..
5. Book: History Of The Sikhs Vol. I The Sikh Gurus (1469-1708). Hari Ram Gupta. 1994. 8121502764. 226–229.
6. Book: Banda Singh Bahadur And Sikh Sovereignty. Harbans Kaur Sagoo. 2001. 59.
7. Book: Singh, Dalip . Life of Sri Guru Gobind Singh Ji: includes clarifications on authenticity of Zafarnama, Fatehnama, role of Banda Bairagi, Amarnama and the facts connected with the Guru's final departure from earth . 2002 . B. Chattar Singh Jiwan Singh . 978-81-7601-480-9 . Amritsar, India . 71–73.
8. Book: Johar, Surinder Singh . Guru Gobind Singh: A Multi-faceted Personality . M.D. Publications Pvt. Ltd. . 1999 . 9788175330931 . 83 . As a Democrat.
9. Book: Gandhi, Surjit Singh . History of Sikh gurus retold. 2: 1606 - 1708 C. E . 2007 . Atlantic Publishers & Distributors . 978-81-269-0858-5 . 2 . New Delhi . 703.
10. Book: Bakhshi, Surinder . Sikhs in the Diaspora: A Modern Guide to Practice of the Sikh Faith: A Knowledge Compendium for the Global Age . July 2009 . 9780956072801 . Sikh Publishing House . 73–74.