Batis (commander) explained

Batis (died 332 BC) was a eunuch and commander of the city of Gaza in the Achaemenid Empire during the 4th century BC and an opponent of Alexander the Great during his eastern campaigns.[1] [2] He was executed after the lengthy siege of Gaza in which he held the city that connected the only road between Egypt and the rest of the empire, thus blocking Alexander from entering that province.[3] Batis not only rejected entreaties to surrender the city without the fight but, even after defeat, refused to submit to the Macedonians or to acknowledge Alexander as the new King of Asia, which enraged Alexander. Reportedly, a rope was inserted through Batis' Achilles tendon and the lower bones of his legs and was dragged behind a chariot around his city walls until he died in the manner as Hector had been treated by Alexander's hero Achilles,[4] [5] except that Hector had already been dead when he was dragged.[6]

Notes and References

  1. Book: Dodge, Theodore Ayrault . Alexander: A History of the Origin and Growth of the Art of War from the Earliest Times to the Battle of Ipsus, B.C. 301, with a Detailed Account of the Campaigns of the Great Macedonian . . New York City, United States . 95045156 . Da Capo Press . 1890 . 0306806908 . 1 . 1996 . 343-352 . XXV. Gaza and Egypt. September, B.C. 332, to Spring B.C. 331 . https://www.archive.org/details/alexanderhistory0000dodg/page/343 .
  2. Book: Aharoni, Yonahan . The Jewish People: An Illustrated History . 57 . https://books.google.com/books?id=WC7UAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA57 . . Shmuel . Ahituv . Barbara Laurel . Ball . 2003 . 2006 . New York City, United States . Continuum . 1. Ancient Times (E. The Hellenistic Period) . 9780826418869 .
  3. 13 . Suppl. 4 . 1 January 2003 . . Société des Amis de la bibliothèque Salomon-Reinach/Maison de l'Orient et de la Méditerranée Jean Pouilloux (Fédération de recherche sur les sociétés anciennes) . La Syrie hellénistique . Arabs in Syria: Demography and epigraphy . David Franck . Graf . 310–340 . Lyon, France . Topoi . 2496-7114 . Maurice . Sartre .
  4. François . Paschoud . Kurt . Raaflaub . Hildegard . Temporini . Gerold . Walser . The Date of Quintus Curtius Rufus . J.R. . Hamilton . Historia: Zeitschrift für Alte Geschichte . 445–456 . Franz Steiner Verlag Wiesbaden GmbH . 4436073 . 0018-2311 . Stuttgart, Germany . 37 . 4 . 1 October 1988 .
  5. Tumans . Harrijs . Alexander the Great and Three Examples of Upholding Mythological Tradition . Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. History . 2019 . 64 . 4 . 1301–1316 . 10.21638/11701/spbu02.2019.409 . 1812-9323 . Andrey . Yu . Mikhail S. . Beousov . St. Petersburg State University Academic Press . 214090309 . St. Petersburg, Russia . DSpace at Saint Petersburg State University . free .
  6. Book: Rufus, Quintus Curtius . https://archive.org/details/quintuscurtiushi00curt/page/214 . Chapter VI . 214 . I . John Digby . London, United Kingdom . 1714 . . Quintus Curtius Rufus . . W.B. for Bernard Lintott . Foreword by Johann Freinsheim .

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