Batak Simalungun language explained

Simalungun
Nativename:Sahap Simalungun
States:Indonesia
Region:Sumatra (northern)
Ethnicity:Simalungun
Speakers:1.2 million
Date:2000
Ref:e18
Familycolor:Austronesian
Fam2:Malayo-Polynesian
Fam3:Northwest Sumatra–Barrier Islands
Fam4:Batak
Fam5:Southern
Iso3:bts
Glotto:bata1288
Glottorefname:Batak Simalungun
Script:Latin, Batak

Simalungun, or Batak Simalungun, is an Austronesian language of Sumatra. It is spoken mainly in Simalungun Regency and Pematang Siantar, North Sumatra, Indonesia.

Phonology

!Labial!Alveolar!Palatal!Velar!Glottal
Nasalpronounced as /ink/pronounced as /ink/pronounced as /ink/
Plosive/
Affricate
voicelesspronounced as /ink/pronounced as /ink/pronounced as /ink/
voicedpronounced as /ink/pronounced as /ink/pronounced as /ink/pronounced as /ink/
Fricativepronounced as /ink/pronounced as /ink/
Rhoticpronounced as /ink/
Lateralpronounced as /ink/
Approximantpronounced as /ink/pronounced as /ink/
/b, d/ can also have implosive allophones [ɓ, ɗ].
Vowels!!Front!Central!Back
Closepronounced as /ink/pronounced as /ink/
Midpronounced as /link/pronounced as /link/
Openpronounced as /ink/
Sounds /i, u, ɛ, ɔ, a/ can have allophones [ɪ, ʊ, e, o, ɑ].[1]

External links

Notes and References

  1. Book: Bahren Umar, Siregar & Perlindungan . Fonologi Bahasa Simalungun . Husni . Chairul . Jakarta: Pusat Pembinaan dan Pengembangan Bahasa . 2001.