| Bass Strait Ferry | |
| Operator: | TT-Line Pty. Ltd. |
Bass Strait Ferries have been the ships that have been used for regular transport across Bass Strait between Tasmania and Victoria in mainland Australia,[1] [2] [3] as well as the various attempts to link Tasmania with Sydney.[4] [5] Historically, some regular shipping services in the twentieth century linked Sydney, Melbourne and Hobart with the Bass Strait ports: Launceston's various port locations, Devonport and Burnie. The distinction between coastal shipping and Bass Strait ferry has been blurred at times.
At various stages the cost of shipping between Tasmania and the Australian mainland have caused enquiries and calls for subsidies or reduced rates of both ferries and general shipping.[6] [7]
In the 1840s the Launceston–Melbourne Steam Navigation Company was in business with Black Swan, Royal Shepherd and Havilah.[8] The Shamrock at this time was engaged in a service between Sydney, Melbourne and Launceston[9]
Tasmanian Steamers commenced in the 1920s with three ships.[10]
The Oonah (originally on the Sydney-Hobart route) was operated along with and until 1935 when Oonah and Loongana were replaced by the .
In 1959 the Australian National Line took over the service, and from 1959 to 1972, the made crossings between Melbourne and Devonport. The cargo-only Bass Trader carried heavy vehicles from Melbourne to Tasmania until the was added in 1969 with services from Melbourne to Burnie, Devonport and Bell Bay (Launceston) in rotation.
From 1965 to 1972, the made three crossings per fortnight from Sydney to Hobart, Bell Bay and Burnie. In 1972 the Empress replaced the Princess on the Melbourne to Devonport route and the Australian Trader moved to the Sydney-Tasmania routes.
The Tasmanian Government's TT-Line took over the service from 1985 when the replaced the Empress and made six weekly overnight crossings between Devonport and Melbourne. It was replaced by the Spirit of Tasmania in 1993.
In the summer months of 1998 to 2002, TT-Line in conjunction with SeaCat Tasmania, also operated the high speed catamaran Devil Cat between Port Welshpool, 200 kilometres south east of Melbourne and George Town near Bell Bay. The trip took six hours.
Flinders island can also be reached by ferry from Bridport in Tasmania, and from Port Welshpool in Victoria.
In 2002 the Spirit was replaced with the two ferries previously owned by Superfast Ferries and, with two crossings each night leaving simultaneously from Melbourne and Devonport. From January 2004 to June 2006 a third ship,, operated on the Devonport to Sydney route.
On 28 February 2022, Rauma Marine Constructions (RMC), a shipbuilding company in Rauma, Finland, started construction of Spirit of Tasmania IV. The shipbuilder will also build Spirit of Tasmania V. TT-Line will introduce updated branding for the new ferries, but will keep the iconic red and white as the colour scheme. The new ferries are due to be delivered by the end of 2023.[11]
On the 23 October 2022, TT-Line moved its Victorian terminal from Station Pier in the Port of Melbourne to the new purpose built Spirit of Tasmania Quay in Geelong.
(chronological)[12]