Baseball in the United Kingdom explained

Boxwidth:250
Baseball in the United Kingdom
Union:British Baseball Federation
Country:United Kingdom
Sport:baseball
Nationalteam:Men's national team
Women's national team
First:1862
National List:
  • British Baseball Federation
    National League,
    AAA,
    AA and
    A divisions

Baseball is a growing minor sport in the United Kingdom, with an estimated 22,500 people playing in 2020.[1]

The sport is governed by the British Baseball Federation, which runs a multi-tier national league. There are also independent regional leagues, and around 20 universities field teams. At various times in history, there have been professional teams, most notably the 1890 National League of Baseball of Great Britain.

In 1938, the Great Britain national baseball team won the Baseball World Cup, and were runners-up in the 1967 and 2007 European Baseball Championship.[2], Great Britain competed internationally at under 12, under 15, under 18, under 23 and senior levels. The under 23 team placed fifth at the 2019 European Under 23 Baseball Championship.[3]

Despite relatively low numbers of participants today, historically there have been a number of players born in the United Kingdom who have played in U.S Major League Baseball (MLB),[4] Of over 90 players who have played in MLB[5] Danny Cox, Lance Painter and Bobby Thomson being the most notable. Thomson hit the Shot Heard 'Round the World that took the New York Giants to the World Series in 1951.

Major League Baseball players born in the United Kingdom

Over 90 players born in the four constituent nations of the United Kingdom and pre partition Ireland have played professionally in Major League Baseball. That does not include players born outside the United Kingdom but of British heritage, or players who have played in MLB and represented the Great Britain national baseball team, but who were born outside the United Kingdom.

Inductees to the National Baseball Hall of Fame and Museum

Henry Chadwick, born in Exeter, was a sportswriter, baseball statistician and historian, often referred to as the "Father of Baseball", for his early reporting on and contribution to the development of the game. He edited the first baseball guide to be sold to the public. He is credited with creating box scores, as well as the scoring abbreviation "K" that designates a strikeout. He is also said to have created the statistics of batting average and earned run average (ERA).

Tom Connolly, born in Manchester, was a umpire in Major League Baseball. He officiated in the National League from 1898 to 1900, followed by 31 years of service in the American League from 1901 to 1931.[6] In over half a century as an American League umpire and supervisor, he established the high standards for which the circuit's arbiters became known, and solidified the reputation for integrity of umpires in the major leagues.

Harry Wright, born in Sheffield, was described by fellow Hall of Fame inductee Henry Chadwick as "the father of professional base ball".[7] Although not born in the United Kingdom, George Wright is another inductee of United Kingdom heritage. George is the brother of Harry, and his parents were born in England.

Cornelius McGillicuddy, better known as Connie Mack, was a catcher, manager, and team owner. The longest-serving manager in Major League Baseball history, he holds records for wins (3,731), losses (3,948), and games managed (7,755). Mack was born in Brookfield, Massachusetts, in what is now East Brookfield on December 22, 1862.[8] His mother, Mary McGillicuddy, was an immigrant from Belfast,[9] his father was from pre-partition Ireland.

John McGraw, born in Truxton, New York, was player and manager who, for almost thirty years, was manager of the New York Giants. His parents had emigrated from pre-partition Ireland around 1850. Also with parents who emigrated from pre-partition Ireland, Roger Bresnahan was nicknamed "the Duke of Tralee" and was a player and manager in US Major League Baseball. As a player, Bresnahan competed in MLB for the Washington Senators, Chicago Orphans, Baltimore Orioles, New York Giants, St. Louis Cardinals and Chicago Cubs. Bresnahan also managed the Cardinals and Cubs.

Charles Radbourn, nicknamed "Old Hoss", was a pitcher who played 12 seasons in Major League Baseball (MLB). He played for Buffalo, Providence, Boston (National League), Boston (Player's League), and Cincinnati. He was born in New York, to parents who had emigrated from Bristol.

Another Hall of Famer who can trace his ancestry back to the United Kingdom is former British national team coach Trevor Hoffman, whose mother was English and whose grandfather was a professional footballer with Southend United.[10]

Major League Baseball players who have represented the United Kingdom

Either through being born in the United Kingdom, via ancestral links to the United Kingdom, or qualifying via being born in a Commonwealth member nation, a number of players with MLB experience have represented the United Kingdom internationally, via the Great Britain national baseball team. The most notable recent player is Jazz Chisholm Jr.

History

Origins

It is argued that modern American baseball can trace its roots to 18th century Britain,[11] [12] [13] with the earliest known mention and illustration of the game appearing in John Newbery's A Little Pretty Pocket-Book in 1744. The earliest known rules were printed in 1796, in Germany, as "Das Englische Base-ball".

Although early codes of baseball may have originated in the United Kingdom, the American code of baseball, as North Americans would understand it, started to be played in the UK as early as the 1870s and it was fully developed by 1890, when the professional 1890 National League of Baseball of Great Britain was established. Since the 1870s, many exhibition matches between North American teams have been staged in the United Kingdom,[14] culminating in the MLB London Series in 2019, which sold out 120,000 tickets in less than an hour.[15] As a result, a small number of MLB teams have fan clubs in the United Kingdom.[16]

American influence in the 19th century

In the 1870s, baseball teams from the United States, including the Boston Red Stockings and Philadelphia Athletics, toured the United Kingdom, in an effort to popularise the sport,[17] but with limited success. At that time, John Wisden and Co. were the most famous supplier of essential baseball equipment, "as used by the baseball clubs now in England in all their matches", which shows that organised clubs did exist in England in some form as early as the 1870s.[18] Wisden remains a prominent name in international cricket today.

In 1888, the President of St. Louis, on returning to the United States from their European tour, remarked that "England is now educated up to American sports", and encouraged other American baseball club presidents to continue promoting the game in England.[19] Later in 1888, John Barnes, of the Western League St. Paul club, discussed his plans to travel to England to establish a "baseball syndicate" in London, Birmingham and other large cities.[20]

In 1889, the wealthy Albert Goodwill Spalding used his position as a former star player and as a leading sporting goods supplier to arrange yet another tour of the United Kingdom by American baseball stars, including the Chicago White Stockings,[21] building on the earlier tours in the past decades. As with previous tours, the cricket establishment of England was used to promote baseball, with the Prince of Wales one of the "very large number of spectators" to witness the game at the Oval,[22] and over 8,000 attended a game at Lord's cricket ground.[23] On arriving at Bristol, Spalding paid tribute to the English cricket star W. G. Grace,[24] "the best known Englishman in the world".

That tour led to a number of new baseball clubs springing up, such as York Baseball Club, formed at Stotts Refreshment Rooms in Parliament Street as early as March 1889.[25] The most notable of the new clubs was formed 1890, in Derby, as Ley's Recreation Club, by Francis Ley, a local man who had experienced the game on a trip to the United States. Following their first ever game (as Ley's Recreation Club) Ley began to appeal for "professionals aged 20 to 25" and "cricketers who can field smartly" to attend Ley's Recreation Centre to form a club, in March 1890[26] and Ley's Recreation Club became Derby Baseball Club. Despite evidence showing clubs such as York were formed slightly earlier than or at the same time as Derby, when discussing Derby in 1890, Ley erroneously claimed "we were really the first club formed in Great Britain".[27]

Ley, who certainly had "introduced baseball amongst his employees"[28] and was instrumental in providing superb facilities at Derby, was not in attendance in October 1889, when noted supporters of a new National League of Baseball of Great Britain met at the Criterion, London, to formally establish the new baseball association, though he was elected as a provisional officer. Representatives of Preston North End, Gloucester County Cricket Club, Essex County Cricket Club, Staffordshire County Cricket Club, Aston Villa and the National Rounders Association all were represented and elected as officers to the association, with Newton Crane elected to the chair.[28]

The new association quickly moved to establish a headquarters at 38 Holborn Viaduct, London, from where it would agree on and promote a set of rules by which the new National League would be played.[29] By July 1890, it was estimated that there were over 90 baseball clubs in England alone, with Derby Baseball Club being widely believed to be the best professional club in England.[30] Yorkshire proved to be a surprising hotbed of baseball by 1890, when it was reported that "there are more baseball clubs in Yorkshire than in any other county in England."[31] It was not totally unexpected when the Secretary of Essex County Cricket Club, Morton Peto Betts, resigned his position to take up the role of Secretary of the newly formed Baseball Association of Great Britain, in July 1890.[32]

Aston Villa, now known exclusively as a football club, won the only professional baseball championship in 1890. The competition was hindered by poor weather and disappointing crowds, and made a loss for its investors.[33] Aston Villa's win was not without controversy, however, with both Aston Villa and Preston North End being found guilty of cheating during the season.[34] For much of the season Derby Baseball Club did lead the championship, but pressure from other teams in the league over the number of American players on the Derby team, as well as low attendances, led to Derby being expelled before the end of the season although, despite evidence to the contrary, the club insisted they had "retired" as champions.[35]

In response to the accusations against Derby of employing too many talented American baseball players, Ley wrote letters to editors of newspapers to state "Derby Baseball Club is the only one of the four League clubs to have not imported professional players from America", and went to lengths to point out the lack of support Spalding provided to Derby compared to the other clubs in which he was a major shareholder.[27] Ironically, given the finger pointing at Ley for employing too many Americans, of the various American baseball players sent across to coach and play baseball in England in the 1890 season, the most prominent was arguably Preston North End captain Leech Maskrey, who had played Major League Baseball. In August 1890, the Preston club organised a presentation for their captain, who was returning to the United States.[36] Meanwhile, Spalding turned his attention to establishing collegiate baseball in the United Kingdom[37] with very little success.

In March 1890, Edinburgh Northern Baseball Club began to meet for practice[38] and Spalding's influence was obvious when The Spalding Baseball Club of Aberdeen sprang to life in July 1890, their headquarters being at 59 Princes Street.[39] By August 1890, the financial backing of Spalding resulted in two local rivals emerging in Aberdeen, the Spalding Baseball Club and Aberdeen Baseball Club, who played at The Links. The two competed for the Spalding 50-guinea Challenge Cup[40] and the right to take on the University Baseball Club of Edinburgh, evidence of Spalding's desire to establish collegiate baseball in the United Kingdom. Wales, possibly due to the continued popularity of British or Welsh Baseball, was slower to adopt the American game. In April 1893, Cardiff Central were formed, and claimed to organise "the first game of American baseball played in South Wales." They were based at Grangetown.[41]

The Golden Age and Postwar Decline

Baseball's peak popularity in Britain was in the years immediately preceding World War II. A resurgence of professional baseball occurred in parts of the United Kingdom during the 1930s, but the outbreak of war led to a decline. In that era, professional baseball teams often shared grounds with football and rugby league clubs, and drew crowds of up to 10,000 spectators per game. In 1933, in response to a challenge from Major League Baseball's National League President, John Haydler, the wealthy British gambling tycoon, Sir John Moores, established the National Baseball Association and continued to fund the establishment of amateur and professional leagues in England.

Once again, American and Canadian expatriates swelled the rosters of the semi-profesional clubs, with a number of the Canadian professionals going on to represent the Great Britain national team.[42] During this golden age, UK baseball achieved a major milestone in 1938, with the victory of the Great Britain national baseball team over the United States, in the Baseball World Cup. The series was created by Sir John Moores, with the 1939 Amateur World Series competition initially being named the John Moores Cup.

With the backing of Sir John Moores, a Great Britain team was given financial support to compete in the 1939 series, in Havana, as defending champions. In doing so, they would have become the first national representative team to compete outside the United Kingdom,[43] but the outbreak of the World War II interrupted the development of British baseball. The team withdrew from the competition, and the sport entered into decline. Following the War, in July 1951, Wolsley Athletic (Birmingham) became the first baseball team from the United Kingdom to play in continental Europe, in an official game in Belgium.[44]

At present

In 2021, 90 teams from 48 baseball clubs were actively participating in leagues, and 1,500 adult and junior (under 18) players playing in clubs based across a wide geographic area of the island of Great Britain. Despite being a constituent nation of the United Kingdom, domestic baseball in Northern Ireland is affiliated to Baseball Ireland, for practical reasons. Northern Ireland's only team, the Belfast Northstars, play in the Irish Adult League. Despite that quirk, Northern Irish-born players, such as P.J. Conlon, are able to qualify to play for both Ireland and the United Kingdom internationally.

The British Baseball Federation (BBF) is the governing body for baseball in the UK and the baseball leagues. The season runs from April until August. Affiliated baseball clubs pay an annual affiliation fee to be a member of the BBF and play in the BBF Leagues and Junior Leagues. There are three leagues independent of the British Baseball Federation: the Scottish National League, run by Baseball Scotland, the Northern Baseball League containing mainly teams based in Northern England, and the South West and Wales Baseball League, representing some of the teams in the South West of England, as well as one team in Wales. There is also a full Great Britain Baseball Programme which comprises the Great Britain Baseball Academy,[45] junior national teams and Great Britain 'Seniors' Baseball Team.

The BBF league format is divided into the national divisions, consisting of four tiers from the National League, down to the Single-A league. At the end of the season, all divisions compete in post-season tournaments, in which the top teams from each conference play knock-out matches, with the winning teams then progressing to the Championship Series. The Championship Series of the National League is best of three, whereas the AAA, AA and A championships are single games.

The Independent leagues compete against the teams in their own leagues and, in 2017, the first Independent leagues finals weekend was held at Hull, which consisted of semi-finals between the champions of the Independent leagues and a final held the next day. That was followed by an England v Scotland friendly All-Star game.

Baseball in universities

University baseball in the United Kingdom has also been growing, with 75 teams from 35 universities currently participating in the sport. The university season runs from September to May, typically the off-season for baseball. Between 2013 and 2019, the National Champion was decided by the BaseballSoftballUK (BSUK)-run National University Championship, which was run as a bi-annual event. In 2020, the sport was admitted into the British Universities and Colleges Sport (BUCS) system, with a new national championship being held at the Farnham Park National Baseball & Softball Complex.[46] Initially, it was supposed to take place in 2021,[47] but the season was suspended due to the COVID-19 pandemic, delaying the launch of the new National Championship until the 2021-22 season

In 2023, the University of Central Lancashire made UK baseball history by offering two students, Aflie Hill and Nathan Simmons, scholarships to play baseball. As far as is known, it was the first time that had happened in the UK.[48]

List of National Champions

National University Championships (BSUK)

Season Winners Comments
2014 (March) University of East Anglia
2014 (October) Univeristy of East Anglia
2015 (March)
2015 (October) Loughbrough University
2016 (March) Loughbrough University
2016 (October)
2017 (March)
2017 (October) Loughbrough University
2018 (March) Postponed
2018 (June) Durham University
2018 (October) Loughbrough University Known as the Autumn Open Univeristy Challenge
2019 (March) Loughbrough University
Sources:

BUCS National Championships

Season Winners Score Runners-up Comments
2021-22 Loughbrough University7-4University of East Anglia Blues[49]
2022-23 Loughbrough University 5-3 ,[50] Semi-Finals and Finals postponed to 3rd May due to weather
2023-24 Durham University 13-2 University of Southampton

National Baseball Champions

Season Winners Score Runners-up Comments
Aston VillaPreston North End Baseball ClubNo playoff
1892 25–16 St. Thomas's
1893 Thespian London 33–6 Darlington St. Augustine's
1894 Thespian London 38–14 Stockton-on-Tees
1895 20–16 Fullers
1896 Wallsend-On-Tyne 16–10 Remingtons
1897 30–7
1899 14–3
1900 17–16
1906 16-5
1907 8–7 Fulham
1908 6–5
1909 6–4
1910 20–5
1911 6–5 Crystal Palace
1934 Hatfield 13–12 Albion
1935 New London 7–1 Rochdale Greys
1936 White City 9–5 Catford Saints
1937 Hull 5–1 Romford Wasps
1938 Rochdale Greys 1–0 Oldham Greyhounds15 innings
1939 Halifax 9–5 Rochdale Greys
1948 Liverpool Robins 13–0 Thames Board Mills
1949 Hornsey Red Sox 10–5 Liverpool Cubs
1950 Burtonwood Bees 23–2 Hornsey Red Sox
1951 Burtonwood Bees 9–2 Ruislip Rockets
1959 Thames Board Mills 12–4 East Hull Aces
1960 Thames Board Mills 6–1 Liverpool Tigers
1962 Liverpool Tigers 8–3 East Hull Aces
1963 East Hull Aces 8–3 Garringtons
1965 Kingston Aces 4–2 Stretford Saints
1966 Stretford Saints 3–1 Liverpool Aces
1967 Liverpool Yankees 4–2 Beckenham Bluejays
1968 Hull Aces 4–1 Hull Royals
1969 Watford-Sun Rockets 8–7 Liverpool Trojans 11 innings
1970 Hull Royals 3–1 Hull Aces
1971 Liverpool Tigers 8–3 Hull Aces
1972 Hull Aces 6–4 Hull Royals
1973 Burtonwood Yanks 23–3 Hull Aces
1974 Nottingham Lions 5–3 Hull Royals
1975 Liverpool Tigers 5–3 Nottingham Lions
1976 Liverpool Trojans 5–4 Spirit Of '76
1977 Golders Green Sox 9–5 Hull Aces
1978 Liverpool Trojans 14–12 Crawley Giants
1979 Golders Green Sox 9–7 Hull Aces
1980 Liverpool Trojans 12–1 Hull Aces
1981 London Warriors 23–1 Hull Aces
1982 London Warriors 16–7 Liverpool Trojans
1983 Cobham Yankees 10–3 Hull Mets
1984 Croydon Blue Jays 9–8 Hull Mets
1985 Hull Mets 10–8 London Warriors
1986 Cobham Yankees 12–5 Hull Mets
1987 Cobham Yankees 6–0 Southglade Hornets
1988 Cobham Yankees 16–1 Burtonwood Braves
1989 Enfield Spartans 15–9 Sutton Braves
1990 Enfield Spartans 22–3 Hull Mets
1991 Enfield Spartans 9–7, 2–4, 4–1 London Athletics Spartans won 2 games to 1
1992 BBF Leeds City Royals Humberside Mets Awarded championship by walkover
1992 NL London Warriors 23–0, 5–4 Enfield Spartans Warriors won 2 games to 0
1993 BBF Humberside Mets and Chicksands Indians Title decider not played
1993 NL London Warriors 2–1 Enfield Spartans
1994 BBF Humberside Mets 2–3, 10–0, 8–0 Essex Arrows Mets won 2 games to 1
1994 NL Enfield Spartans 8–5 Waltham Forest Angels
1995 Menwith Hill Pirates 3–2, 7–6 London Warriors Pirates won 2 games to 0
1996 Menwith Hill Pirates 14–9, 11–23, 18–12 London Warriors Pirates won 2 games to 1
1997 London Warriors 11–5, 31–12 Kingston-upon-Hull Cobras Warriors won 2 games to 0
1998 Menwith Hill Patriots 13–5, 17–15 London Warriors Patriots won 2 games to 0
1999 Brighton Buccaneers 16–4 Windsor Bears
2000 London Warriors 11–7 Brighton Buccaneers
2001 Brighton Buccaneers 8–5 Windsor Bears
2002 Brighton Buccaneers 5–1 Windsor Bears
2003 Windsor Bears 9–4 Brighton Buccaneers
2004 12–10 Windsor Bears
2005 11–4, 10–9 Brighton Buccaneers Pirates won 2 games to 0
2006 7–11, 8–5, 9–0 Croydon Pirates Flames won 2 games to 1
2007 7–2, 11–1 Croydon Pirates Mets won 2 games to 0
2008 11–4 Richmond Flames
2009 16–4 Richmond Flames
2010 10–1 Bracknell Blazers
2011 Harlow Nationals 13–3 Lakenheath Diamondbacks
2012 Harlow Nationals 6–3 Herts Falcons
2013 Southern Nationals 12–7 Southampton Mustangs
2014 Essex Arrows 5–1, 5–4 London Mets Arrows won 2 games to 0
2015 6–2, 11–2 Southampton Mustangs Mets won 2 games to 0
0–1, 7–3, 9–4 Mustangs won 2 games to 1
15–14, 6–0 Mets won 2 games to 0
16–1, 11–1 Herts FalconsMets won 2 games to 0[51]
14–4
9–1
8-5London Capitals
9–4 [52]
2023London Mets3-5, 5-0, 14-0London CapitalsMets won 2 games to 1
2024

Championships by Region

RegionNumber of
championships
Towns/Cities
London36London (36)
North West16Liverpool (9), Warrington (3), Preston (1), Rochdale (1), Stretford (1)
Yorkshire and the Humber14Hull (9), Harrogate (3), Halifax (1), Leeds (1)
South East10Cobham (4), Brighton (3), Bracknell (1), Southampton (1), Windsor (1)
East of England7Harlow (2), Purfleet (2), Bedford (1), Waltham Abbey (1), Watford (1)
East Midlands5Derby (3), Nottingham (2)
North East2Middlesbrough (1), Newcastle (1)
West Midlands1Birmingham (1)
Scotland
South West
Wales

Current League System

Because baseball is not a professional sport in the United Kingdom, the league structure changes every season. In 2024, the format was the following:

LevelLeague(s)/Division(s)
BBF and Affiliated Leagues
1BBF National Baseball League6 teams from 5 clubs
2BBL Higher Division
4 teams from 4 clubs
BBF Triple-A Division - "A"
7 teams from 7 clubs
BBF Triple-A Division - "South-West"
4 teams from 4 clubs
3BBF Double-A - "A"
5 teams from 4 clubs
BBF Double-A - "B"
7 teams from 3 clubs
BBF Double-A - "C"
4 teams from 3 clubs
BBF Double-A - "D"
4 teams from 4 clubs
4BBL Lower Division
8 teams from 5 clubs
East of England Baseball League
5 teams from 4 clubs
BBF Single-A - "A" 6 teams from 4 clubsBBF Single-A - "B" 5 teams from 4 clubsBBF Single A – "C"
7 teams from 7 clubs
SWWBL Wessex
5 teams from 3 clubs
SWWBL Severn 5 teams from 4 clubs
Independent & Separate Leagues
1Scottish National League - AAA
6 teams from 4 clubs
West Midlands Baseball League
9 teams from 8 clubs
Westcountry Baseball League
6 teams from 6 clubs
North East Baseball League
5 teams from 4 clubs
Women's Baseball League 8 teams from 8 clubs
2Scottish National League - A
5 teams from 3 clubs

2024 Clubs

Note: This list does not contain clubs which failed to opt in to the 2024 league system and are officially listed as inactive. Youth teams are also not included.

ClubTeam NameCity/AreaBallparkLeagueTierClub Founded
Aberdeen BCGranite City OilersAberdeen, AberdeenGeorge W. Chalmers Fieldalign=center style="background:#E6E6FAS12013
Belles BaseballBelles BaseballSlough, BerkshireFarnham Parkalign=center style="background:#FFC0CBW2021
BC VėtraBC Vėtra Saltford, SomersetSaltford Sports Clubalign=center style="background:#FFD70012018
Birmingham Metalheads BCBirmingham MetalheadsBirmingham, West MidlandsMarston Green Recreational Groundalign=center style="background:#FF8000R2021
Birmingham Batsalign=center style="background:#FF8000R
Bournemouth Bears BCBournemouth Bears Ferndown, DorsetFerndown Leisure Centrealign=center style="background:#FFD70012018
Bournemouth Bears 2 align=center style="background:#CD7F323
Bournemouth Bears 3 align=center style="background:#ACE1AF4
Bracknell B&SCBracknell Inferno Bracknell, BerkshireWestmoreland Drivealign=center style="background:#C0C0C021992
Bracknell Phoenix align=center style="background:#ACE1AF4
Brentwood BCBrentwood Stags Brentwood, EssexStags Ballparkalign=center style="background:#ACE1AF42024
Brighton BCBrighton BrewersBrighton and Hove, East SussexWaterhall Playing Fieldsalign=center style="background:#CD7F3232016
Brighton Aces align=center style="background:#CD7F323
Brighton Jetsalign=center style="background:#ACE1AF4
Bristol BCBristol BadgersKeynsham, SomersetSomerdale Pavilionalign=center style="background:#C0C0C022008
Bristol Batsalign=center style="background:#CD7F323
Bristol Buccaneersalign=center style="background:#ACE1AF4
Bristol Batsalign=center style="background:#ACE1AF4
Cambridge BaseballCambridge Lancers Cambridge, CambridgeshireDave Adams Fieldalign=center style="background:#C0C0C022011
Cambridge Monarchsalign=center style="background:#ACE1AF4
Cambridge Royalsalign=center style="background:#ACE1AF4
Cardiff Merlins BaseballCardiff Merlins AAA Cardiff, CardiffPontcanna Fieldsalign=center style="background:#C0C0C022018
Cardiff Merlins Aalign=center style="background:#ACE1AF4
Cornish ClayCutters BCCornish ClayCuttersSt. Austell, CornwallSt Mewan School Fieldalign=center style="background:#ACE1AF42017
Cornish Pioneers align=center style="background:#ACE1AF4
County Durham Spartans BCCounty Durham SpartansStaindrop, County DurhamStaindrop Academyalign=center style="background:#FF8000R2017
Croydon Pirates BaseballCroydon Pirates AAASutton, LondonRoundshaw Groundsalign=center style="background:#C0C0C021981
Croydon Pirates Aalign=center style="background:#ACE1AF4
Edinburgh BCEdinburgh Diamond DevilsEdinburgh, EdinburghBobby Thompson Fieldalign=center style="background:#E6E6FAS11985
Edinburgh Cannonsalign=center style="background:#E6E6FAS1
Edinburgh Knightsalign=center style="background:#E6E6FAS2
Edinburgh Angels align=center style="background:#E6E6FAS2
Edinburgh Rays BCEdinburgh RaysEdinburgh, EdinburghMorgan Playing Fieldsalign=center style="background:#FF8000R2023
Essex BaseballEssex ArrowsWaltham Abbey, Essex and Chelmsford, EssexTownmead Leisure Park and Melbourne Parkalign=center style="background:#FFD70011983
Essex Saxons align=center style="background:#C0C0C02
Essex Archersalign=center style="background:#CD7F323
Essex Redbacks align=center style="background:#ACE1AF4
Exeter Spitfires BCExeter SpitfiresExeter, DevonChadwick Fieldalign=center style="background:#FF8000R2000
Formosa Islanders BCFormosa IslandersHammersmith and Fulham, LondonWormwood Scrubsalign=center style="background:#CD7F3232023
Glasgow Baseball AssociationGlasgow CometsGlasgow, GlasgowTolcross Fieldalign=center style="background:#E6E6FAS11997
Glasgow Galaxyalign=center style="background:#E6E6FAS1
Glasgow Comets (A)align=center style="background:#E6E6FAS2
Glasgow Galaxy (A)align=center style="background:#E6E6FAS2
Guildford B&SCGuildford MavericksGuildford, SurreyChrist's Collegealign=center style="background:#CD7F3231992
Guildford Millersalign=center style="background:#ACE1AF4
Harwich Town BCHarwich Town Bay Area BluesHarwich, EssexLow Road Fieldalign=center style="background:#ACE1AF42021
Herts BaseballHerts CardinalsBarnet, LondonBasing Hill Parkalign=center style="background:#C0C0C021996
Herts Ducksalign=center style="background:#CD7F323
Herts Hawksalign=center style="background:#CD7F323
Herts Eaglesalign=center style="background:#ACE1AF4
Herts Buzzards align=center style="background:#ACE1AF4
Herts Ravensalign=center style="background:#ACE1AF4
Hull Scorpions BCHull ScorpionsHull, East Riding of YorkshireEastmount Recreation Centrealign=center style="background:#ACE1AF4
Hurricanes BCHurricanes Baseball Waltham Forest, LondonSalisbury Hall Playing Fieldsalign=center style="background:#C0C0C022023
Hurricanes Baseball 2align=center style="background:#ACE1AF4
Kent Buccaneers BCKent Buccaneers Hadlow, KentWilliams Fieldalign=center style="background:#CD7F3232018
Kent Mariners BCKent Mariners Medway, KentHoo Sports Fieldalign=center style="background:#ACE1AF4-
Kernow Baseball CICTruro Blue JaysTruro, Cornwall-align=center style="background:#FF8000R2022
Leeds LocosLeeds LocosOtley, West YorkshireWharfemeadows Parkalign=center style="background:#ACE1AF42020
Leicester Blue SoxLeicester Blue SoxLeicester, LeicestershireWestern Parkalign=center style="background:#FF8000R2006
Leicester Diamondsalign=center style="background:#FFC0CBW
London Mets B&SCLondon MetsHaringey, London and Enfield, LondonFinsbury Park and Enfield Baseball Fieldalign=center style="background:#FFD70011988
London Capitalsalign=center style="background:#FFD7001
London Metrosalign=center style="background:#C0C0C02
London Meteorsalign=center style="background:#CD7F323
London Mustangs align=center style="background:#CD7F323
London Sidewindersalign=center style="background:#CD7F323
London Mercury align=center style="background:#ACE1AF4
London Minotaursalign=center style="background:#ACE1AF4
Limehouse Cutters align=center style="background:#B2FFFF5
Suez Tomb Raiders align=center style="background:#B2FFFF5
London Mayhem align=center style="background:#B2FFFF5
London Mayhem (W) align=center style="background:#FFC0CBW
Long Eaton StormLong Eaton Storm Long Eaton, DerbyshireWest Park Leisure Centrealign=center style="background:#C0C0C022014
Long Eaton Storm Chasers align=center style="background:#FF8000R
Manchester BCManchester AsWythenshawe, Greater ManchesterWythenshawe Parkalign=center style="background:#C0C0C021947
Manchester Beesalign=center style="background:#ACE1AF4
Manchester Jetts align=center style="background:#FFC0CBW
Milton Keynes BCMilton Keynes BucksMilton Keynes, BuckinghamshireWoughton on the Greenalign=center style="background:#CD7F3231986
Milton Keynes Bucks 2align=center style="background:#ACE1AF4
New Forest BCNew Forest Thunder Eastleigh, HampshireWide Lane Sports Groundalign=center style="background:#C0C0C022022
New Forest Knightsalign=center style="background:#ACE1AF4
Newcastle Nighthawks BCNighthawk Talons Newcastle, Tyne and WearGosforth Sports Associationalign=center style="background:#FF8000R2017
Nighthawk Wingsalign=center style="background:#FF8000R
Newton BrewersNewton BrewersBishopsteignton, DevonMichaels Fieldalign=center style="background:#FF8000R2015
Northants BCNorthants CenturionsNorthampton, NorthamptonshireSt Crispin Community Centrealign=center style="background:#ACE1AF4-
Norwich BaseballNorwich IceniNorwich, NorfolkThe Hewett Academyalign=center style="background:#CD7F3232017
Norwich Warriorsalign=center style="background:#ACE1AF4
Norwich Iceni Queens align=center style="background:#FFC0CBW
Oxford Kings BCOxford KingsOxford, OxfordshireOxford Kings Ballparkalign=center style="background:#CD7F3231998
Plymouth Mariners BCPlymouth MarinersPlymouth, DevonWilson Fieldalign=center style="background:#FF8000R2000
Richmond B&SCRichmond Roebucks Richmond upon Thames, LondonFlood Fieldalign=center style="background:#C0C0C021992
Richmond Knights align=center style="background:#CD7F323
Richmond Dragonsalign=center style="background:#CD7F323
Richmond Baronsalign=center style="background:#ACE1AF4
Richmond Dukesalign=center style="background:#ACE1AF4
Sheffield BladerunnersSheffield Bladerunners ISheffield, South YorkshireForge Valley align=center style="background:#ACE1AF41985
Sheffield Bladerunners IIalign=center style="background:#ACE1AF4
Sheffield Bruins BCSheffield BruinsSheffield, South YorkshireThorpe Green Parkalign=center style="background:#FFD70012018
Sheffield Kodiaksalign=center style="background:#C0C0C02
Sheffield Bruins Womenalign=center style="background:#FFC0CBW
South Coast Pirates BCHastings PiratesHastings, East SussexBexhill Parkalign=center style="background:#ACE1AF42018
Stourbridge Titans BCStourbridge TitansStourbridge, West MidlandsGibson Fieldalign=center style="background:#FF8000R2011
Taunton Muskets BCTaunton MusketsTaunton, SomersetMuskets Fieldalign=center style="background:#ACE1AF42014
Taunton Pistols align=center style="background:#ACE1AF4
Tayport Breakers BCTayport BreakersTayport, FifeTom Waddell Memorial Baseball Fieldalign=center style="background:#E6E6FAS12020
Tayport Breakers (A)align=center style="background:#E6E6FAS2
Telford BCTelford GiantsTelford, ShropshireMeadow Recreation Groundalign=center style="background:#FF8000R2020
Telford 26ersalign=center style="background:#FFC0CBW
Tonbridge BaseballTonbridge WildcatsTonbridge, KentBorley Fieldalign=center style="background:#CD7F3231982
Tonbridge Bobcatsalign=center style="background:#ACE1AF4
Trojans BCLiverpool TrojansSefton, Merseyside and Runcorn, CheshireNorman Wells Ballpark and John Mills Ballparkalign=center style="background:#C0C0C021946
Bootle Trojans align=center style="background:#ACE1AF4
Halton Trojansalign=center style="background:#ACE1AF4
Warwickshire BCStockton GrizzliesStockton, WarwickshireThe Denalign=center style="background:#FF8000R2022
Wellington Khaki Sox BCWellington Khaki SoxWellington, SomersetWellington Rugby Clubalign=center style="background:#FF8000R2021
Weston Jets BCWeston JetsWeston-Super-Mare, SomersetHutton Mooralign=center style="background:#ACE1AF42018
Wolverhampton BCWolverhampton WolvesWolverhampton, West MidlandsColton Hills Community Schoolalign=center style="background:#FF8000R2019
Worcester BCWorcester SorcerersWorcester, WorcestershireMerlin Fieldalign=center style="background:#FF8000R2019
Wragby BCWragby WarhammersWragby, LincolnshireHammer Parkalign=center style="background:#ACE1AF42021
Yeovil Whirlwinds BCYeovil WhirlwindsYeovil, SomersetBradford Abbas Sports Clubalign=center style="background:#FF8000R2018
SWWBL SWWBL Serpents Taunton, SomersetTaunton Green align=center style="background:#ffc0cbW2024

See also

External links

Notes and References

  1. Web site: Baseball & softball participation England 2016-20 . 2022-06-26 . Statista . en.
  2. News: Why isn't baseball more popular in the UK?. Nate. Sulat. 26 July 2013. 4 October 2016. BBC News.
  3. Web site: Classic, London Series growing game in UK . John Paul . Morosi . 5 March 2020 . MLB. 14 July 2020 .
  4. Web site: Baseball hasn't taken off in Britain, despite deep roots there . Gregory . Katz . 27 June 2019 . Global News. 14 July 2020 .
  5. Web site: Britain's Baseball Stars . Steven . Lynch . 9 April 2013 . ESPN . 14 July 2020 .
  6. Web site: Tommy Connolly . August 21, 2017 . Retrosheet.
  7. News: HARRY WRIGHT. December 26, 2022.
  8. Book: Davis, Ted. 2000. Connie Mack: A Life in Baseball. San Jose, CA. Writers Club Press. 3. 978-0-595-12112-0.
  9. Macht, pp. 22-23
  10. News: Hoffman honors British ties as coach. Bloom. Barry. September 22, 2016. July 31, 2020.
  11. Web site: Did baseball begin in 18th-century England? . Simon . Hooper. CNN. 4 October 2016.
  12. News: Major League Baseball told: Your sport is British, not American . 4 October 2016. 2008-09-11.
  13. News: UK - England - Surrey - Baseball's UK heritage confirmed . BBC News . 4 October 2016.
  14. Web site: MLB Players Want To Come And Play Baseball In London. So Why Don't They?. Lucy Sherriff . The Huffington Post UK. 19 June 2015. 4 October 2016.
  15. News: Baseball in London? It's a Real Thing, Even When the Yankees Aren't Visiting . David . Waldstein. The New York Times . 26 June 2019. 14 July 2020.
  16. Web site: About Angels in the UK. Matthew Thomas . Angels in the UK. 26 December 2022.
  17. News: American Baseball Players. The Buckingham Express. 8 August 1874. 6.
  18. News: Cricket, Football and Baseball. Sporting Life. 5 September 1874. 4.
  19. News: Circular Notes. Illustrated Sporting and Dramatic News. 10 March 1888. 6.
  20. News: Sporting Notes. Rugby Advertiser. 10 November 1888. 3.
  21. News: America's National Game: Baseball Players on Tour. Sporting Life. 13 February 1889. 5.
  22. News: Baseball in London. Eastern Morning News. 13 March 1889. 3.
  23. News: Baseball. Sheffield Daily Telegraph. 14 March 1889. 8.
  24. News: The American Baseball Players. Yorkshire Evening Press. 16 March 1889. 4.
  25. News: A Baseball Club for York. York Herald. 30 March 1889. 16.
  26. News: Wanted. Derby Daily Telegraph. 26 March 1890. 3.
  27. News: Sports and Pastimes: Notes and Gossip. Lancashire Evening Post. 13 July 1890. 4.
  28. News: A Baseball Association Formed. Derby Daily Telegraph. 10 October 1889. 3.
  29. News: Baseball in England. Sporting Life. 4 December 1889. 7.
  30. News: Baseball. Dundee Evening Telegraph. 2 July 1890. 3.
  31. News: Odds and Ends. Dundee Evening Telegraph. 16 July 1890. 3.
  32. News: Cricket. 17 July 1890. 10.
  33. News: Kendrick . Mat . Aston Villa: The day the claret and blues won the baseball league . . 2016-10-03.
  34. News: The Baseball Championship: Aston Villa the Winners. Sporting Life. 3 September 1890. 1.
  35. News: Derby Baseball Grounds: Notice. Derby Daily Telegraph. 4 August 1890. 3.
  36. News: The North End Baseball Team. Preston Herald. 27 August 1890. 5.
  37. News: Baseball Team to Visit England. Pall Mall Gazette. 28 February 1890. 4.
  38. News: Baseball in Edinburgh. Edinburgh Evening News. 5 May 1890. 3.
  39. News: The Spalding Baseball Club. Aberdeen Press and Journal. 12 July 1890. 3.
  40. News: Baseball in Aberdeen. Aberdeen Press and Journal. 5 August 1890. 3.
  41. News: Local Sporting Notions. South Wales Echo. 15 April 1893. 2.
  42. Web site: The 1938 Amateur World Series in Liverpool: How Britain beat America at Baseball. Liverpool Echo . 3 October 2021. 5 January 2023.
  43. News: England Baseball Team to Tour. Leeds Mercury. 30 July 1938. 11.
  44. News: Short Jabs. Sunday Mirror. 22 July 1951. 16.
  45. Web site: MLB - Baseball in Europe is about to take off . Espn.com . 2011-09-13 . 2016-10-05.
  46. Web site: Staff . Development Universities . 2024-03-20 . www.baseballsoftballuk.com . en-GB.
  47. Web site: Historic: baseball and softball become university sports in United Kingdom . 2024-03-20 . World Baseball Softball Confederation . en.
  48. Web site: Staff . UCLan’s Hill, Simmons Make History as first British Baseball Scholar-Athletes . 2024-03-20 . www.baseballsoftballuk.com . en-GB.
  49. Web site: Staff . Inaugural BUCS Baseball & Softball National Championships - By the Numbers . 2024-03-20 . www.baseballsoftballuk.com . en-GB.
  50. Web site: Staff . Double, Double! Loughborough repeats as BUCS National Baseball Champions . 2024-03-20 . www.baseballsoftballuk.com . en-GB.
  51. Web site: Jones . Rob . 2018-09-09 . Falcons fall at the last; Mets take NBL title . 2023-08-27 . en-US.
  52. Web site: NBL 2022 . British Baseball Federation . en.