Barry Gusterson Explained

Barry Austin Gusterson
Honorific Suffix:BSc, BDS, MBBS (Hons), FRCPath, PhD
Birth Date:1946 10, df=yes
Known For:Initiating the Toby Robins Cancer Research Centre in London and the Wolfson Wohl Cancer Centre in Glasgow.[1] Work on EGFR in head and neck cancer [2] [3] and studies of HER2 in breast cancer[4] and in human breast development[5] [6]
Alma Mater:Royal Dental Hospital, St Bartholomew's Hospital and Institute of Cancer Research
Thesis Title:In Vitro Study of Tumour Associated Opiate Receptors and Tumour Derived Opioid Activity
Thesis Year:1980
Fields:Pathology, Cancer

Barry Austin Gusterson (born 24 October 1946) is an Emeritus Professor of Pathology at the University of Glasgow (retired 2010). He was previously Professor of Pathology and Head of the Section of Molecular Pathology at the Institute of Cancer Research in London, and Founding Director of the Toby Robins Breakthrough Breast Cancer Research Centre [7] [8] (re-named the Toby Robins Breast Cancer Now Research Centre). In 2000-2010 he was Professor of Pathology in Glasgow and was the project lead responsible for building the Wolfson Wohl Cancer Centre.[1] He is known for his research on EGFR in head and neck cancer,[2] [3] and HER2 in breast cancer [4] and breast development.[5] [6]

Education

Gusterson was educated at Colchester Royal Grammar School and obtained a BSc in Physiology at St Bartholomew’s Hospital. He then obtained a dental degree at the Royal Dental Hospital and a medical degree at St Bartholomew’s Hospital. Whilst at the Institute of Cancer Research and Royal Marsden Hospital he obtained a PhD and an MRCPath.

Career

Gusterson held posts in medicine and surgery at St Bartholomew’s Hospital and the Royal Devon and Exeter Hospital and was appointed as Professor of Histopathology at the Institute of Cancer Research and Consultant at the Royal Marsden Hospital in 1986. Whilst at the Institute he held a number of senior positions, including Chairman of the Section of Cell Biology and Experimental Pathology and as a Director on the Institute Governing body.[9] He initiated the concept to build the first dedicated breast cancer research centre and was appointed Founding Director of the Toby Robins, Breakthrough Breast Cancer Research Centre in 1998.[7] [8] His contribution was acknowledged in a Woman’s Hour survey published in the Radio Times in 1996 – ‘top 50 men that women rate’. In 2000 he moved to Glasgow University, where he held a number of positions as Professor of Pathology, and Head of Forensic Science and Medicine, which won an £18.5 M contract from the Crown Office in 2006.[10] Alongside this, he initiated and was Director of the Glasgow Biobank.[1] As Associate Dean for Research in the Medical Faculty and Head of Cancer Sciences he restructured Cancer Sciences. Gusterson chaired the pan-Glasgow pathology Committee that resulted in the unification of all pathology departments across Glasgow and Clyde into a new purpose built building at the Southern General Hospital.[1] In his role as Project Lead, Gusterson was responsible for the building of the Wolfson Wohl Cancer Centre at the Garscube Estate.[1] [3] [11] [12] The two cancer centres initiated by Gusterson were both developed as major fund-raising projects, in which he played a key role as the clinical lead. Gusterson retired in 2011 and became a Director of Moorfield’s Eye Charity [13] and a member of Council for St George's, University of London.[14]

Research

Human Squamous Cell Carcinomas and Skin

Gusterson has 324 cited publications in Semantic Scholar [15] and 302 in Research Gate[16]

Gusterson’s early work focused on in vitro studies of differentiation of human oral mucosa, skin and squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck.[17] [18] This led to the demonstration of the normal human tissue distribution[19] and overexpression and amplification of the Epidermal Growth Factor Receptors (EGFR) as a feature of squamous cell carcinomas.[2] [3] EGFR is now a target for therapy in Head and Neck cancer, but with limited success.[20] Later studies with Tim Crook and others demonstrated the high expression of p53 in head and neck cancer[21] and mutations in BRCA1 and BRCA2 breast cancers.[22] [23]

The differentiated normal skin in vitro was used for human skin grafts in burns patients.[24] [25] [26]

Breast Cancer and Normal Breast Development

Work was mainly based on clinico-pathological studies of human breast cancer and normal breast development. Working as Director of Pathology for the International Breast Cancer Study Group (IBCSG) a BioBank was established for international clinical trials [27] and a Translational Research Working Group[28] to assess research proposals which Gusterson chaired. This collaboration resulted in numerous publications, including the demonstration of c-erbB-2 (HER2) overexpression as a prognostic indicator in breast cancer [4] and suggested a cut point to define patients that would later benefit from Herceptin.[29] Interpretation of the molecular classifications of breast cancer in the context of the normal lineages in the breast gave insights into the limitations of these new technologies.[30] [31] [32] Work on human breast development described the cell types involved in differentiation of the human breast and their biological significance.[33] [34] [35] [36] Gusterson is also known as an expert in the pathology of animal models of human breast cancer[37] and studies on the biology of involution.[38] With Beatrice Howard the locus was defined for breast development in the mouse mammary gland.[39] [40]

Human Sarcomas

Collaborations with Janet Shipley and Colin Cooper resulted in the identification of translocations and genes in a number of soft tissue sarcomas.[41] [42] [43] [44]

External links

Notes and References

  1. Web site: A Significant Medical History > 20th Century > 1948-2018 > Pathology. University of Glasgow. 9 July 2024.
  2. Cowley. G. P.. Smith. J. A.. Gusterson. B. A.. Increased EGF receptors on human squamous carcinoma cell lines.. British Journal of Cancer. 53. 2. 223–229. 1986. 10.1038/bjc.1986.39. 2420349. 2001344.
  3. Ozanne. B.. Richards. C. S.. Hendler. F.. Burns. D.. Gusterson. B. A.. Over-expression of the EGF receptor is a hallmark of squamous cell carcinomas.. The Journal of Pathology. 149. 1. 9–14. 1986. 10.1002/path.1711490104. 2425067.
  4. Gusterson. B .A.. Gelber. R. D.. Goldhirsch. A.. Price. K. N.. Säve-Söderborgh. J.. Anbazhagan. R.. Styles. J.. Rudenstam. C. M.. Golouh. R.. Reed. R.. Prognostic importance of c-erbB-2 expression in breast cancer. International (Ludwig) Breast Cancer Study Group.. Journal of Clinical Oncology. 10. 7. 1049–1056. 1992. 10.1200/JCO.1992.10.7.1049. 1351538.
  5. Anbazhagan. R.. Osin. P. P.. Bartkova. J.. Nathan. B.. Lane. E. B.. Gusterson. B. A.. The development of epithelial phenotypes in the human fetal and infant breast.. The Journal of Pathology. 184. 2. 197–206. 1998. 10.1002/(SICI)1096-9896(199802)184:2<197::AID-PATH992>3.0.CO;2-J . 9602712 .
  6. Howard. B. A.. Gusterson. B. A.. Human breast development.. Journal of Mammary Gland Biology and Neoplasia. 5. 2. 119–137. 2000. 10.1023/a:1026487120779. 11149569 .
  7. Web site: Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre. www.icr.ac.uk. The Institute of Cancer Research. 11 July 2024.
  8. Web site: Institute of Cancer Research opens new Fulham Road Labs. www.icr.ac.uk. The Institute of Cancer Research. 11 July 2024.
  9. Web site: Barry Austin GUSTERSON - Institute of Cancer Research . Companies House. 12 July 2024.
  10. News: Forensics contract for Glasgow University. Glasgow. English. The Herald. 29 November 2006. 12 July 2024.
  11. News: 24 hours a day every day in the west of Scotland ... 54 people are told they have cancer. Glasgow Times. Glasgow. English. 1 April 2009. 12 July 2024 .
  12. News: Beatson Pebble Appeal nears completion. Glasgow Guardian. Glasgow. English . 15 January 2011. 12 July 2024 .
  13. Web site: Barry Austin GUSTERSON - Moorfields Eye Charity . Companies House. 12 July 2024.
  14. Web site: St George's University of London - Council Minutes - 16 December 2014 . 16 December 2014. St George's University of London. 12 July 2024 .
  15. Web site: B. Gusterson Semantic Scholar Publications list. www.semanticscholar.org. 12 July 2024 .
  16. Web site: Barry A. Gusterson ResearchGate. www.researchgate.net. 12 July 2024 .
  17. Knight. J.. Gusterson. B. A.. Cowley. G.. Monaghan. P.. Differentiation of normal and malignant human squamous epithelium in vivo and in vitro: a morphologic study.. Ultrastructural Pathology. 7. 2–3. 133–141. 1984. 10.3109/01913128409141470. 6085428.
  18. Cowley. G.. Gusterson. B.. Knight. J.. Growth in agar and tumor formation in immunologically incompetent mice as criteria for keratinocyte transformation. Cancer Letters. 21. 1. 95–104. 1983. 10.1016/0304-3835(83)90088-5. 6640518.
  19. Gusterson. B.. Cowley. G.. Smith. J. A.. Ozanne. B.. Cellular localisation of human epidermal growth factor receptor. Cell Biology International Reports. 8. 8. 649–658. 1984. 10.1016/0309-1651(84)90045-6. 2024-07-12. 6090028.
  20. Gusterson . B. A.. Hunter. K. D.. Should we be surprised at the paucity of response to EGFR inhibitors?. The Lancet. Oncology. 10. 5. 522–527. 2009. 10.1016/S1470-2045(09)70034-8. 19410197.
  21. Gusterson. B. A.. Anbazhagan. R.. Warren. W.. Midgely. C.. Lane. D. P.. O'Hare. M.. Stamps. A.. Carter. R.. Jayatilake. H.. Expression of p53 in premalignant and malignant squamous epithelium. Oncogene. 6. 10. 1785–1789. 1991. 1717923.
  22. Crook. T.. Crossland. S.. Crompton. M. R.. Osin. P.. Gusterson. B. A.. p53 mutations in BRCA1-associated familial breast cancer. Lancet . 350. 9078. 638–639. 1997. 10.1016/S0140-6736(05)63327-2. 9288052.
  23. Crook. T.. Brooks. L. A.. Crossland. S.. Osin. P.. Barker. K. T.. Waller. J.. Philp. E.. Smith. P. D.. Yulug. I.. Peto. J.. Parker. G.. Allday. M. J.. Crompton. M. R.. Gusterson. B. A.. p53 mutation with frequent novel condons but not a mutator phenotype in BRCA1- and BRCA2-associated breast tumours. Oncogene. 17. 13. 1681–1689. 1998. 10.1038/sj.onc.1202106. 9796697.
  24. Clarke. J. A.. Burt. A. M.. Eldad. A.. Gusterson. B. A.. Cultured skin for burn injury. Lancet . 2. 8510. 809. 1986. 10.1016/s0140-6736(86)90326-0. 2876258.
  25. Eldad. A.. Burt. A.. Clarke. J. A.. Gusterson. B.. Cultured epithelium as a skin substitute. Burns, Including Thermal Injury. 13. 3. 173–180. 1987. 10.1016/0305-4179(87)90161-6. 3300888.
  26. Burt. A. M.. Pallett. C. D.. Sloane. J. P.. O'Hare. M. J.. Schafler. K. F.. Yardeni. P. . Eldad. A.. Clarke. J. A.. Gusterson. B. A.. Survival of cultured allografts in patients with burns assessed with probe specific for Y chromosome. BMJ (Clinical Research Ed.). 298. 6678. 915–917. 1989. 10.1136/bmj.298.6678.915. 2470446. 1836188.
  27. Web site: International Breast Cancer Study Group BioBank. www.ibcsg.org. IBCSG. 12 July 2024.
  28. Web site: IBCSG Translational Research Working Group. www.ibcsg.org. IBCSG. 12 July 2024.
  29. Gusterson . B. A.. Identification and interpretation of epidermal growth factor and c-erbB-2 overexpression. European Journal of Cancer . 28. 1. 263–267. 1992. 10.1016/0959-8049(92)90429-6. 1348953.
  30. Gusterson. B. A.. Ross. D. T.. Heath. V. J.. Stein. T.. Basal cytokeratins and their relationship to the cellular origin and functional classification of breast cancer. Breast Cancer Research. 7. 4. 143–148. 2005. 10.1186/bcr1041. free. 15987465. 1175069.
  31. Gusterson . B.. Do 'basal-like' breast cancers really exist?. Nature Reviews. Cancer. 9. 2. 128–134. 2009. 10.1038/nrc2571. 19132008.
  32. Gusterson . B.. Eaves. C. J.. Basal-like Breast Cancers: From Pathology to Biology and Back Again. Stem Cell Reports. 10. 6. 1676–1686. 2018. 10.1016/j.stemcr.2018.04.023. 29874626. 6117459.
  33. Anbazhagan. R.. Osin. P. P.. Bartkova. J.. Nathan. B.. Lane. E. B.. Gusterson. B. A.. The development of epithelial phenotypes in the human fetal and infant breast. The Journal of Pathology. 184. 2. 197–206. 1998. 10.1002/(SICI)1096-9896(199802)184:2<197::AID-PATH992>3.0.CO;2-J. 9602712.
  34. Anbazhagan. R. . Bartek. J.. Monaghan. P.. Gusterson. B. A.. Growth and development of the human infant breast.. The American Journal of Anatomy. 192. 4. 407–417. 1991. 10.1002/aja.1001920408. 1781450.
  35. Atherton. A. J.. Anbazhagan. R.. Monaghan. P.. Bartek. J.. Gusterson. B. A.. Immunolocalisation of cell surface peptidases in the developing human breast. Differentiation . 56. 1–2. 101–106. 1994. 10.1046/j.1432-0436.1994.56120101.x. 7913070.
  36. Atherton. A. J.. Warburton. M. J.. O'Hare. M. J.. Monaghan. P. . Schuppan. D.. Gusterson. B. A.. Differential expression of type XIV collagen/undulin by human mammary gland intralobular and interlobular fibroblasts.. Cell and Tissue Research. 291. 3. 507–511. 1998. 10.1007/s004410051020. 9477307.
  37. Cardiff. R. D.. Anver. M. R.. Gusterson. B. A.. Hennighausen. L. . Jensen. R. A.. Merino. H. J.. Rehm. S.. Russo. J.. Tavassoli. F. A.. Wakefield. L. M.. Ward. J. M.. Green. J. E.. The mammary pathology of genetically engineered mice: the consensus report and recommendations from the Annapolis meeting. Oncogene. 19. 8. 968–988. 2000. 10.1038/sj.onc.1203277. 10713680.
  38. Stein. T.. Salomonis. N.. Gusterson. B. A.. Mammary gland involution as a multi-step process.. Journal of Mammary Gland Biology and Neoplasia. 12. 1. 25–35. 2007. 10.1007/s10911-007-9035-7. 17431797.
  39. Howard. B. A.. Gusterson. B. A.. The characterization of a mouse mutant that displays abnormal mammary gland development. Mammalian Genome. 11. 3. 234–237. 2000. 10.1007/s003350010043. 10723730.
  40. Howard. B. A.. Gusterson. B. A.. Mammary gland patterning in the AXB/BXA recombinant inbred strains of mouse. Mechanisms of Development. 91. 1–2. 305–309. 2000. 10.1016/s0925-4773(99)00268-3. 10704854.
  41. Shipley. J.. Crew. J.. Gusterson. B.. The molecular biology of soft tissue sarcomas. European Journal of Cancer. 29A. 14. 2054–2058. 1993. 10.1016/0959-8049(93)90470-z. 8280501.
  42. Gusterson. B.. Shipley. J.. Crew. J.. Application of molecular genetics and cytogenetics to breast cancer and soft tissue sarcomas. Annals of Oncology. 5 suppl 4. 17–23. 1994. 10.1093/annonc/5.suppl_4.s17. 8060893.
  43. Clark. J.. Rocques. P. J.. Crew. A. J.. Gill. S.. Shipley. J.. Chan. A. M.. Gusterson. B. A.. Cooper . C. S.. Identification of novel genes, SYT and SSX, involved in the t(X;18)(p11.2;q11.2) translocation found in human synovial sarcoma. Nature Genetics. 7. 4. 502–508. 1994. 10.1038/ng0894-502. 7951320.
  44. Crew. A. J.. Clark. J.. Fisher. C.. Gill. S.. Grimer. R.. Chand . A.. Shipley. J.. Gusterson. B. A.. Cooper. C.S.. Fusion of SYT to two genes, SSX1 and SSX2, encoding proteins with homology to the Kruppel-associated box in human synovial sarcoma. The EMBO Journal. 14. 10. 2333–2340. 1995. 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1995.tb07228.x. 7539744. 398342.

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