Barney Kessel Explained

Barney Kessel
Birth Date:17 October 1923
Birth Place:Muskogee, Oklahoma, U.S.
Death Place:San Diego, California
Genre:Jazz, pop, R&B, rock
Occupation:Musician, composer
Instrument:Guitar
Years Active:1940s–1992
Label:Contemporary, Reprise, Black Lion, Concord Jazz, RCA Victor, Sonet, Savoy

Barney Kessel (October 17, 1923 – May 6, 2004) was an American jazz guitarist. Known in particular for his knowledge of chords and inversions and chord-based melodies, he was a member of many prominent jazz groups as well as a "first call" guitarist for studio, film, and television recording sessions. Kessel was a member of the group of session musicians informally known as the Wrecking Crew.

Early life

Kessel was born in Muskogee, Oklahoma in 1923 to a Jewish family.[1] Kessel's father was an immigrant from Hungary who owned and operated a shoe shop.[2] A self-taught guitarist, his only formal musical study was three months of guitar lessons at the age of 12.[3] [4]

Career

He began his career as a teenager, touring with local swing bands. When he was 16, he started playing with the Oklahoma A&M band, Hal Price & the Varsitonians. The band members nicknamed him "Fruitcake" because he practiced in excess of 16 hours per day. Kessel gained recognition due in part to his youth, and in part to being the only white musician playing in all-African-American bands at black clubs.[5]

In the early 1940s, he moved to Los Angeles, where for one year he was a member of the Chico Marx big band.[6] Noticed by Norman Granz, he appeared in the 1944 film Jammin' the Blues, which featured Lester Young.[7] [8] Soon after, he played in the bands of Charlie Barnet and Artie Shaw. During the day, he worked as a studio musician and at night played bop-oriented jazz in clubs.[9] In 1947, he recorded with Charlie Parker. He worked in Jazz at the Philharmonic and for one year in the early 1950s he was a member of the Oscar Peterson trio. After leaving the trio, he recorded several solo albums for Contemporary. He recorded a series of albums with Ray Brown and Shelly Manne as The Poll Winners because the three of them often won polls conducted by Metronome and DownBeat magazines. He was the guitarist on the album Julie Is Her Name (1955) by Julie London, which includes the standard "Cry Me a River", selling a million copies and demonstrated Kessel's chordal approach to guitar.[10]

During the 1960s, Kessel worked for Columbia Pictures and was a member of a band of session musicians known as The Wrecking Crew. At one point, after a two and a half hour session to record a one-chord song, "The Beat Goes On," Kessel is reported to have stood up and proclaimed, "Never have so many played so little for so much."[11] He recorded with pop acts such as The Monkees and The Beach Boys and with jazz musicians Sonny Rollins and Art Tatum. Kessel played the iconic opening notes of the acclaimed Beach Boys' Pet Sounds album, on the track "Wouldn't It Be Nice." He played a 12-string hybrid mando-guitar, plugged directly into the recording console, at Brian Wilson's request.[12] Kessel eventually left studio work to concentrate on his jazz career both onstage and on records. Along with solo work, he formed the ensemble Great Guitars with Charlie Byrd and Herb Ellis.

Kessel was rated the No. 1 guitarist in Esquire, DownBeat, and Playboy magazine polls between 1947 and 1960.[13]

From 1957 to 1958, Kay Musical Instrument Company manufactured the Kay Barney Kessel signature series guitars (models "Pro", "Artist" and "Jazz Special").

From 1961 to 1974, Gibson Guitars manufactured the Barney Kessel artist signature guitars in Standard and Custom models.[14]

Artistry

Jazz music educator Wolf Marshall said the style that Barney Kessel employed in his music was "the natural outgrowth of the electric guitar tone fostered by Charlie Christian and embraced by virtually every exponent of the post-Christian school". Kessel's signature "warm, clean timbre" was created with hollow-body arch-top electric guitars with the neck pickup activated, played through a tube combo amp. The guitar stylings of Barney Kessel were rooted in 1930s and 1940s jazz, and were influenced by the swing and bebop styles of that time. Kessel was also influenced by post-bop modal jazz, hard bop, and free jazz. Specifically, he named Charlie Parker, Pat Martino, Oscar Peterson, Lester Young and Django Reinhardt as influences on his playing style. Additionally, Kessel's music had a strong blues influence "in both chord- and single-note form". Kessel was known for his chord stylings and single-note solos. Throughout his career, Kessel primarily played a sunburst Gibson ES-350P that was built in either 1947 or 1948, which the guitarist modified extensively. He replaced the original pickup with a "Charlie Christian" bar pickup, replaced the original volume and tone knobs with those taken off of a record player, omitted the pickguard, and installed dot inlays to replace the original fingerboard. Throughout his career, Kessel used various models of Fender, Gibson and Univox combo amplifiers. He used a heavy-gauge rounded pick and used medium-gauge Darco-wound polished guitar strings.[15]

Personal life

Kessel was married to Gail Genovia Farmer throughout the 1950s and 1960s. Together they had two sons, Dan and David Kessel. Later, he was married to Betty Jane (BJ) Baker for 16 years, divorcing in 1980. His third marriage to Joanne “Jo” Kessel lasted 10 years, and he was married to his fourth wife, Phyllis Kessel, for 12 years.[16] [17] [18] [19]

Kessel's sons Dan Kessel and David Kessel became record producers and session musicians, working with Phil Spector, John Lennon, Cher, Leonard Cohen,[20] The Ramones, Blondie, The Go-Gos and others.

Death

Kessel was in poor health after suffering a stroke in 1992, which effectively ended his career. Twelve years later, he died from a brain tumor at his home in San Diego, California, on May 6, 2004, at the age of 80.[21] [22]

Discography

As leader

As sideman

With The Beach Boys

With Benny Carter

With The Coasters

With Sam Cooke

With Buddy DeFranco

With Harry Edison

With Billie Holiday

With Peggy Lee

With Anita O'Day

With Oscar Peterson

With Shorty Rogers

With Pete Rugolo

With Sonny & Cher

With others

Bibliography

External links

Notes and References

  1. News: About Barney Kessel . exhibits.library.umkc.edu . 2023-03-22.
  2. News: Bernstein . Adam . 2004-05-10 . Barney Kessel, 80 . en-US . Washington Post . 2022-02-27 . 0190-8286.
  3. Book: Leonard Feather . The biographical encyclopedia of jazz . Oxford University Press . 1999 . 978-0-19-507418-5 . 383 . en.
  4. Book: Yanow . Scott . The Great Jazz Guitarists . April 1, 2013 . Backbeat Books . 108 .
  5. News: Oliver . Myrna . May 9, 2004 . Barney Kessel, 80, innovative jazz guitarist . The Boston Globe .
  6. Book: Yanow . Scott . The Great Jazz Guitarists . 2013 . Backbeat . San Francisco . 978-1-61713-023-6 . 108–109.
  7. Web site: Yanow . Scott . Barney Kessel . AllMusic . 24 September 2019.
  8. Book: Yanow . Scott . The Great Jazz Guitarists . April 1, 2013 . Backbeat Books . 108 .
  9. Book: Yanow . Scott . The Great Jazz Guitarists . April 1, 2013 . Backbeat Books . 108 .
  10. Book: Larkin . Colin . The Guinness Who's Who of Fifties Music . 1993 . Guinness . 0-85112-732-0 . 210.
  11. Book: Hartman . Kent . The Wrecking Crew . registration . 2012 . St. Martin's Press . New York . 9780312619749 . 163 . 1st.
  12. Web site: Brian Wilson: 50 Years Of Pet Sounds. Harvey . Kubernik. vintagerock.com. May 4, 2023.
  13. Web site: Barney Kessel . June 12, 2004. July 16, 2008.
  14. Web site: Gibson and Barney Kessel. July 11, 2007. Premierguitar.com. July 29, 2021.
  15. Book: Marshall, Wolf . Jazz Guitar Icons . 2012 . Hal-Leonard . 63.
  16. Web site: About . 2024-10-07 . Illuminating a Musical Legacy: The Barney Kessel Project . en-US.
  17. Web site: Barney Kessel . 2024-10-07 . www.nndb.com.
  18. Web site: Barney Kessel . 2024-10-07 . Who's Dated Who?.
  19. Web site: Barth . Joe . 2023-10-18 . 100th Anniversary Of Barney Kessel’s Birth . 2024-10-07 . en-US.
  20. Book: Brown, Mick . Mick Brown (journalist) . Tearing Down the Wall of Sound: The Rise and Fall of Phil Spector . Vintage Books . 2008. 978-1400076611.
  21. News: Barney Kessel, 80, a Guitarist With Legends of Jazz, Dies . Peter . Keepnews . . May 8, 2004.
  22. Book: Yanow, Scott . The Great Jazz Guitarists . April 1, 2024 . Backbeat Books.

This article is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License. It uses material from the Wikipedia article "Barney Kessel".

Except where otherwise indicated, Everything.Explained.Today is © Copyright 2009-2025, A B Cryer, All Rights Reserved. Cookie policy.