| Vasyl Ocheret | |
| Native Name: | Василь Очерет |
| Native Name Lang: | uk |
| Birth Date: | 16 July 1908 |
| Birth Place: | , Lubny Uyezd, Poltava Governorate, Russian Empire |
| Death Place: | Glen Spey, Sullivan County, New York, USA |
| Notable Works: | Zhovtyi kniaz |
| Resting Place: | , South Bound Brook, New Jersey, USA |
| Citizenship: |  Ukraine |
Vasyl Barka (; real name — Vasyl Kostiantynovych Ocheret, another pseudo — Ivan Vershyna ; 16 July 1908, [1] – 11 April 2003, Glen Spey[2]) was an American-residing Ukrainian poet, writer, literary critic, and translator.[3]
Vasyl Barka's family had a Cossack origin. In 1927, Barka graduated from Lubny Pedagogical College, and then worked as a teacher in a mining village in Donbas. There he did not get along with the local authorities, and went to the North Caucasus. In 1928, he entered the philology faculty of Krasnodar Pedagogical Institute and worked at the Krasnodar Art Museum. Supported by Pavlo Tychyna, Barka's work first appeared in print in 1929. The publication of his first book of poems in 1930 provoked much ideological criticism, including accusations of "bourgeois nationalism" and "religious carry-overs". Barka transferred from Krasnodar Institute to the postgraduate school of the Moscow Pedagogical Institute, wrote his thesis on the realistic and the fantastic in the Divine Comedy by Dante, and presented the thesis in 1940. He has lectured at the Philology faculty at Rostov University.
In 1941, after the Great Patriotic War broke out, Barka volunteered to join the people's militia, and in 1942 he was badly injured and caught in the occupation.[4] After he recovered, he worked as a proofreader at a newspaper. In 1943, he was sent to Germany.[5] After that, he lived in Germany, where he was active in the MUR literary association. In 1947, he moved to France, then, in 1950 to the United States. There he worked at Radio Liberty. Sometimes he was starving, and had to take any job: he used to work as fireman, window cleaner etc.
Vasyl Barka was close to the New York group of Ukrainian poets.Barka's orphic works require intuitive rather than logical comprehension. His poetry developed and grew in stature, from the early lyrical collections to the monumental 4,000-strophe epic novel in verse, The Witness for the Sun of Seraphims, 1981. It addressed the theme of reconciliation between'man and the Creator. His first novel, Rai (Paradise, 1953), deals with the Soviet 'paradise.' His second novel, Zhovtyi kniaz (The Yellow Prince, 1963), about the Ukrainian Famine-Genocide of 1932–33, was translated into French (Paris 1981) and served as the basis for Oles Yanchuk's 1993 Ukrainian feature film Holod-33 (Famine-33).
Partial list of works:
The novel Yellow Prince was twice nominated for the Nobel Prize.[6] The novel is published in Ukraine in the School Library series, and is studied in schools. The novel was the basis for the 1991 film, Holod-33 (Eng. Famine-33), directed by .[7] In the Ukrainian National Opera, in 2008, the director Andriy Zholdak staged the play Lenin Love, Stalin Love based on Yellow Prince. In 1981, Vasyl Barka was awarded the Antonovych prize.