Barbados bullfinch explained

The Barbados bullfinch (Loxigilla barbadensis) is a seedeater bird that is found only on the Caribbean island-nation of Barbados, where it is the only endemic bird species.

Taxonomy

The Barbados bullfinch was previously considered a subspecies of the Lesser Antillean bullfinch (Loxigilla noctis), which is found on neighboring islands.[1] [2] Despite the misleading nature of its name, the Barbados bullfinch is not a bullfinch at all but a seedeater. The bird is known locally as a Sparrow or Sparky.

Description

The Barbados bullfinch is a small bird, 14–15 cm (5.5–6 in). The upperparts are a dark olive-grey, the wings are mostly brown, underparts are greyish, while the under tail-coverts are tawny. The species is not sexually dimorphic, with females and males having similar plumage. The birds' calls include simple twittering, an occasional harsh petulant note, and a sharp trill http://www.xeno-canto.org/species/Loxigilla-barbadensis.

Distribution and habitat

The Barbados bullfinch is found only on the island of Barbados. The birds' habitat includes shrubbery and forest undergrowth; the species has adapted well to humans, often being found in close proximity to areas of human habitation, such as gardens.

Reproduction

Barbados bullfinches construct a globular nest, with a side entrance, in a tree or shrub. The species lays two to three spotted eggs.

Behavior

Barbados bullfinches are extremely innovative[3] [4] [5] and tame birds. Barbados bullfinches living in urban environments were found to have better problem-solving skills and a better immunocompetence than the ones living in rural areas of Barbados.[6] As for their temperament, urban Barbados bullfinches were found to be bolder but more neophobic than their rural counterparts.

References

Notes and References

  1. Buckley . P.A. . Buckley . F.G. . 2004 . Rapid speciation by a Lesser Antillean endemic, Barbados Bullfinch Loxigilla barbadensis . Bulletin of the British Ornithologists' Club . 125 . 108–123 .
  2. Banks . R.C. . Cicero . C. . Dunn . J.L. . Kratter . A.W. . Rasmussen . P.C. . Remsen . J.V. . Rising . J.D. . Stotz . D.F. . 2006 . Forty-Seventh Supplement to the American Ornithologists' Union Check-List of North American Birds . The Auk . 123 . 3 . 926–936 . 10.1093/auk/123.3.926 . free.
  3. Reader. Simon M.. Nover. Daniel. Lefebvre. Louis. 2002-01-01. Locale-Specific Sugar Packet Opening by Lesser Antillean Bullfinches in Barbados (Individuos de Loxigilla noctis abren paquetes de azúcar en una área localizada de Barbados). 4131071. Journal of Field Ornithology. 73. 1. 82–85. 10.1648/0273-8570-73.1.82. 1874/12407. 14665780. free.
  4. Ducatez. S.. Audet. J. N.. Lefebvre. L.. 2013-02-14. Independent appearance of an innovative feeding behaviour in Antillean bullfinches. Animal Cognition. en. 16. 3. 525–529. 10.1007/s10071-013-0612-4. 23408337. 14815365. 1435-9448.
  5. Lefebvre. Louis. Ducatez. Simon. Audet. Jean-Nicolas. 2016-03-19. Feeding innovations in a nested phylogeny of Neotropical passerines. Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B. en. 371. 1690. 20150188. 10.1098/rstb.2015.0188. 0962-8436. 4780530. 26926278.
  6. Audet. Jean-Nicolas. Ducatez. Simon. Lefebvre. Louis. 2016-03-01. The town bird and the country bird: problem solving and immunocompetence vary with urbanization. Behavioral Ecology. en. 27. 2. 637–644. 10.1093/beheco/arv201. 1045-2249. free.