| Langzhong | |
| Settlement Type: | County-level City |
| Pushpin Map: | Sichuan |
| Pushpin Map Caption: | Location of the city centre in Sichuan |
| Coor Pinpoint: | Langzhong government |
| Coordinates: | 31.558°N 106.005°W |
| Subdivision Type: | Country |
| Subdivision Name: | China |
| Subdivision Type1: | Province |
| Subdivision Name1: | Sichuan |
| Subdivision Type2: | Prefecture-level city |
| Subdivision Name2: | Nanchong |
| Established Date: | 314 B.C. |
| Seat Type: | Municipal seat |
| Seat: | Qili Subdistrict |
| Unit Pref: | Metric |
| Area Total Km2: | 1877 |
| Elevation Max: | 888 |
| Elevation Min: | 328--> |
| Population Total: | 880000 |
| Population Density Km2: | auto |
| Timezone1: | China Standard Time |
| Utc Offset1: | +8 |
| Population Urban: | 250,000 |
| Elevation Min M: | 328 |
| Elevation Max M: | 888 |
| P: | Làngzhōng |
| Former names | |
| Also Known As: | Baoning |
| P2: | Bǎoníng |
| L2: | Pacified-Protecting |
Langzhong (formerly known as Paoning) is a county-level city in northeastern Sichuan province, China, located on the middle reaches of the Jialing River. It is administered as part of the prefecture-level city of Nanchong. Langzhong has a total population of 880,000, with 250,000 residing in the urban area.[1]
Langzhong is famous for its historic centre, home to 30,000 of its residents.[2] [3] [4] It is one of the best preserved historic towns of China, dating back to the Tang dynasty.[5] The city was also the seat of the former Anglican Diocese of Szechwan.
The site of present-day Langzhong served for a time as the capital of Ba, a native but sinicized Sichuan state during China's Warring States period. It takes its present name from its role as the seat of Langzhong County, established by Qin two years after[6] its 316 BC conquest of Shu and Ba. Under the Han and Tang, it was an important center for astronomical research. Under the Yuan, Ming, and Qing, it was known as Baoning. Over the late imperial period, it served as Sichuan's provincial capital for a total of ten years. It was well known for its salt wells.[7] It has also long been an important military town of Sichuan.[8]
The old town of Langzhong is built according to Feng shui principles. The dedicated military, trade and residential quarters of the town are located in a location corresponding to a particular element in Feng shui. The town itself is position centrally with respect to 4 mountains around it.[9] [10]
Since 1985, the PRC government has awarded Langzhong with various accolades on three separate occasions.[6] In 1986 the State Council named it a famous and historical town. In 1991, it was finally upgraded to county-level city status.
Langzhong is located in the northeast of the province and the northern part of the Sichuan Basin on the middle reaches of the Jialing River. Within the city's administrative area, elevations generally increase from southwest to northeast and range from to, while rivers flow for .[6] The area is dominated by low-lying mountains and hills.
As with much of the rest of the province, Langzhong has a monsoon-influenced humid subtropical climate (Köppen Cwa), with dry, temperate winters, and long, hot, humid summers. The monthly daily average temperature ranges from 6.1°C in January to 26.7°C in July. The frost-free period lasts 290 days per year, while annual sunshine amounts to 1,400 hours.[6] Close to two-thirds of the annual rainfall occurs from June to September.
Langzhong comprises 5 subdistricts, 19 towns, 3 townships and 1 ethnic township:[11]