Banner (administrative division) explained

Banner is a type of administrative division, and may more specifically refer to:

Compilation from Qing Dynasty era

• The Eight Banners are former administrative divisions of China into which all Manchu households were placed, primarily for military purposes.^[1]
• Banner (Qosighun or khoshun) as former division of all Mongols under Qing rule (includes Inner/Outer Mongolia) grouped in aimag (league), sometimes transcribed by hoshuns or khoshuns, were the battalion level of administrative/military subdivision in the Mongol army.^[2]
• Banner (Inner Mongolia) as an administrative division of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region in the People's Republic of China, equivalent to a Chinese county (Chinese: 縣|Chinese: 县[{{lang|zh-Latn-pinyin|xiàn}}]) in the rest of China.
  • An Autonomous banner is an area associated with one or more ethnic minorities designated as autonomous within the People's Republic of China.
• Kozhuun, subdivisions of former Tannu Uriankhai and now Russian Tuva.

Anatolia

• A Bandon (Byzantine Empire) was the lowest Byzantine administrative-cum-military unit. "Bandon" means "banner".^[3]
• Sanjak, literally "a banner, flag", was the original first level subdivision of the Ottoman Empire.

Arab world

• Liwa, an Arabic term meaning "banner" is a type of administrative division. Used in conjunction with the Ottoman–era term sancağı, denoting a region or district.

See also

• Banner (disambiguation)

Notes and references

Notes and References

1. Book: Elliott, Mark C. . 2001 . The Manchu way: the eight banners and ethnic identity in late imperial China . Palo Alto, California . Stanford University Press . 978-0-8047-4684-7.
2. Book: Grousset, René . 1970 . The Empire of the Steppes: A History of Central Asia . New Brunswick, New Jersey . Rutgers University Press . 530 . 978-0-8135-0627-2 .
3. Encyclopedia: Kazhdan . Alexander . Alexander Kazhdan . 1991 . Bandon . . Oxford University Press . 250 . 978-0-19-504652-6 .