| Bandarban | |
| Native Name: | Bengali: বান্দরবান |
| Native Name Lang: | bn |
| Type: | District |
| Map Caption1: | Expandable map of Bandarban District |
| Pushpin Map Caption: | Location of Bandarban in Bangladesh |
| Coordinates: | 21.8°N 116°W |
| Subdivision Type: | Country |
| Subdivision Name: |  Bangladesh |
| Subdivision Type1: | Division |
| Subdivision Name1: | Chittagong Division |
| Established Title: | As a District |
| Established Date: | 18 April 1981 |
| Leader Title: | MP |
| Leader Name: | Bir Bahadur Ushwe Sing |
| Leader Party: | Awami League |
| Leader Title1: | Deputy Commissioner |
| Leader Name1: | Yasmin Parvin Tibriji[1] |
| Leader Title2: | District Council Chairman |
| Leader Name2: | Kya Show Hla |
| Leader Title3: | Chief Executive Officer |
| Leader Name3: | A. T. M. Kawser Hossain[2] |
| Area Total Km2: | 4479.01 |
| Population Total: | 481109 |
| Population As Of: | 2022 census |
| Population Density Km2: | auto |
| Timezone1: | BST |
| Utc Offset1: | +06:00 |
| Blank Name Sec1: | HDI (2019) |
| Blank Info Sec1: | 0.574[3] · 19th of 20 |
Bandarban (Bengali: বান্দরবান, Chakma:) is a district in South-Eastern Bangladesh, and a part of the Chittagong Division.[4] It is one of the three hill districts of Bangladesh and a part of the Chittagong Hill Tracts, the others being Rangamati District and Khagrachhari District. Bandarban district (4,479 km2) is not only the most remote district of the country, but also the least populous (population 388,000).[5] There is an army contingent at Bandarban Cantonment.
According to the 2022 Census of Bangladesh, Bandarban District had 106,167 households and a population of 510,109, 40.4% of whom lived in urban areas. The population density was 107 people per km2. The literacy rate (age 7 and over) was 63.4%, compared to the national average of 74.7%.[6]
As per the 2011 census, there were 215,934 Bengalis and 142,401 (40.67%) indigenous people in the district.[7] There are more than fifteen ethnic minorities living in the district besides the Bengalis, including: Marma, who are Arakanese descendants or Rakhine and are also known as Magh, Mru (also known as Mro or Murong), Bawm, Khyang, Tripura (also known as Tipra or Tipperah), Lushei (also known as Lushai), Khumi, Chak, Kuki, Chakma and Tanchangya (also spelt as Tenchungya).
The Mru, also known as Murong, who are famous for their music and dance. The Mru in major numbers have converted to the youngest religion in Bangladesh – Khrama (or Crama) – a religion that prohibits much of their old ways. They are proposed as the original inhabitants of Bandarban.[8] [9]
| Tribal | 57,793 | 94.50% | 15,726 | 4.05% | |
| 2,595 | 4.24% | 197,087 | 45.68% | ||
| 369 | 0.60% | 13,137 | 6.38% | ||
| 0 | 0.00% | 39,333 | 10.13% | ||
| --- | --- | 123,052 | 33.69% | ||
| Others | 399 | 0.65% | 0 | 0.00% | |
| Total Population | 61,156 | 100% | 338,335 | 100% |
| Religion | 1991 | 2001 | 2011 | Perc 2011 | PGR 91-11 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Muslim | 90,800 | 147,062 | 150,087 | 40.75% | 79.5% | |
| Hindu | 8,105 | 10,796 | 20,137 | 4.4% | 62.1% | |
| Christian | 16,769 | 28,546 | 39,333 | 10.1% | 134.6% | |
| Buddhist | 87,613 | 103,997 | 135,052 | 30.7% | 40.4% | |
| Others | 8,282 | 7,719 | 15,726 | 4.0% | 89.9% | |
| Total | 230,569 | 298,120 | 388,335 | 100.0% | 68.4% |
The India - Myanmar Sabroom - Cox's Bazar railway link has been proposed to connect Sabroom - Khargachari - Rangamati - Bandarban - Satkania - Cox's Bazar and another rail link connecting Bandarban to Tuipang, India.
Bandarban lies, by bus, eight hours away from Dhaka, two hours from Chittagong and three hours from Cox's Bazar. It is also possible to get there by a six-hour bus ride from Rangamati. The Buddha Dhatu Jadi, the Buddhist temple in Bangladesh, located in Balaghata, 4 km from the town. This place attracts many tourists every year. This Theravada Buddhist temple is made completely in the style of South-East Asia and houses the second largest statue of the Buddha in Bangladesh. The waterfall named Shoilo Propat at Milanchari is another place tourists like to visit. The numerous Buddhist temples, known as kyang in local tongue, and bhihars in the town include the highly notable the Rajvihar (royal vihar) at Jadipara and the Ujanipara Bhihar. Bawm villages around Chimbuk, and Mru villages a little further off, are also lie within a day's journey from the town. Prantik Lake, Jibannagar and Kyachlong Lake are some more places of interest. Boat ride on the river Shangu is one of the main attractions here for tourists.