Baloch people in Sindh explained

Group:Sindhi Balochs
Pop:~ 4 million (1981 census)
Popplace:Sindh Province, Pakistan
Related Groups:Baloch • Baloch diaspora • Baloch of Punjab

The Balochs of Sindh, (Sindhi: {{Naskh|سنڌي ٻروچ, Baluchi: سندی بلۏچ), is a community of Sindhi-speaking Baloch tribes living throughout the Sindh province of Pakistan.[1]

Settling in the region for centuries, Baloch tribes own large agricultural land and related businesses in Sindh, a large part of them being landlords in Sindh.[2]

Talpur dynasty

The Talpurs were a Sindhi-speaking Baloch tribe,[3] and were descendants of Mir Sulaiman Kako Talpur, who had arrived in Sindh from Choti Bala in southern Punjab.[4]

They were Shia Muslims by faith. They ruled from 1783 until 1843, when they were defeated by the British at the Battle of Miani and Battle of Dubbo. The northern Khairpur branch of the Talpur dynasty however, continued to maintain a degree of sovereignty during British rule as the princely state of Khairpur.[5]

Its ruler joined the new Dominion of Pakistan in October 1947 as an autonomous region in Pakistan.

History

It is believed that the Balochs migrated from Balochistan during the Little Ice Age.[6] The Little Ice Age is conventionally defined as a period extending from the sixteenth to the nineteenth centuries,[7] [8] [9] or alternatively, from about 1300[10] to about 1850.[11] [12] [13] Although climatologists and historians working with local records no longer expect to agree on either the start or end dates of this period, which varied according to local conditions.

According to Dr Akhtar Baloch of the University of Karachi, the climate of Balochistan was very cold and the region was uninhabitable during the winter so the Baloch people migrated in waves and settled in Sindh and Punjab.[14]

Language

Balochs of Sindh mostly migrated from Balochistan to Sindh from 16th to 19th century. Majority of Balochs in Sindh historically speak Siraiki as their mother tongue, that was the reason that in old times "Balochki" term was used interchangeably for Siraiki dialect by Sindhis.[15] [16]

Demographics

At the time of the 1981 census, the ethnic Baloch population was estimated by Selig Harrison to number 4 million out of Sindh's total population of 18 million.[17]

See also

Notes and References

  1. Book: Siddiqi, Farhan Hanif. The Politics of Ethnicity in Pakistan: The Baloch, Sindhi and Mohajir Ethnic Movements. 2012. Routledge. 978-0-415-68614-3. en.
  2. Web site: May 26, 2017 . Baloch and Sindhis share historic ties .
  3. Book: Paradoxes of Pakistan: A Glimpse . 28 . ..A very exacting Nawab provoked a revolt led by the Talpurs, Sindhi speaking Balochi people backed by the Mughals and the Persians. The Talpurs won the battle of Halani... Belkacem Belmekki, Michel Naumann . 2022 . Columbia University Press . 9783838216034 .
  4. Book: 71 . Journal of Asian Civilisations:Volume 30, Issue 2 . The father of Mir Manik Khan Talpur, Mir Suleman Khan Talpur alias Kako Khan migrated from Choti Bala in Punjab. 2007 . Taxila Institute of Asian Civilisations .
  5. Web site: Historical Background of Talpur Mirs of Sindh. 2020-08-21. The Royal Talpurs and the Heritage of Sindh. en-US.
  6. News: From Zardaris to Makranis: How the Baloch came to Sindh. 4 November 2017. 28 March 2014. The Express Tribune. Mahim Maher.
  7. Book: Encyclopedia of Global Environmental Change, Volume 1, The Earth System: Physical and Chemical Dimensions of Global Environmental Change. 2003. John Wiley & Sons. Mann, Michael. Michael C MacCracken and John S Perry. 17 November 2012. Little Ice Age. https://web.archive.org/web/20130124223238/http://www.meteo.psu.edu/holocene/public_html/shared/articles/littleiceage.pdf. 24 January 2013. dead.
  8. Book: The cold Little Ice Age climate of about 1550 to 1800. Lamb, HH. Climate: present, past and future. Methuen. London. 1972. 107. 0-416-11530-6. (noted in Grove 2004:4).
  9. Earth observatory Glossary L-N. NASA. NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Green Belt MD. 17 July 2015. .
  10. Miller et al. 2012. "Abrupt onset of the Little Ice Age triggered by volcanism and sustained by sea-ice/ocean feedbacks" Geophysical Research Letters 39, 31 January: abstract (formerly on AGU website) (accessed via wayback machine 11 July 2015); see press release on AGU website (accessed 11 July 2015).
  11. Grove, J.M., Little Ice Ages: Ancient and Modern, Routledge, London (2 volumes) 2004.
  12. Matthews, J.A. and Briffa, K.R., "The 'Little Ice Age': re-evaluation of an evolving concept", Geogr. Ann., 87, A (1), pp. 17–36 (2005). Retrieved 17 July 2015.
  13. Web site: 1.4.3 Solar Variability and the Total Solar Irradiance - AR4 WGI Chapter 1: Historical Overview of Climate Change Science. Ipcc.ch. 24 June 2013.
  14. Web site: From Zardaris to Makranis: How the Baloch came to Sindh. March 27, 2014. The Express Tribune.
  15. Book: Wagha, Ahsan . The Siraiki Language: Its Growth and Development . 1990 . Dderawar Publications . en.
  16. Book: Khan, Hussain Ahmad . Re-Thinking Punjab: The Construction of Siraiki Identity . 2004-08-01 . Research and Publication Centre, National College of Arts, Lahore . 978-969-8623-09-8 . 87 . en . In the 1960s, some writers and intellectuals from southern Punjab convened a meeting and decided to discard home-sprung names like Multani, Muzaffargarhi, Uchi, Riasti, Derewali, Hindko, Jaghadali, Thalchari, Lahnda, Jatki, and Balochki often used for the local languages and replace them with a single word "Siraiki"..
  17. Book: Harrison, Selig . Pakistan: the struggle within . 2009 . Pearson Longman . 978-81-317-2504-7 . John . Wilson . 1. impr . Delhi . 2009 . 28 . Ethnic Conflict and the Future of Pakistan.

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