| Ballangen | |
| Former: | yes |
| Idnumber: | 1854 |
| County: | Nordland |
| District: | Ofoten |
| Capital: | Ballangen |
| Established: | 1 July 1925 |
| Preceded: | Evenes Municipality |
| Disestablished: | 1 Jan 2020 |
| Succeeded: | Narvik Municipality |
| Demonym: | Ballangsværing[1] |
| Language: | Bokmål |
| Coatofarms: | Ballangen komm.svg |
| Flag: | Flag of Ballangen.svg |
| Area Rank: | 119 |
| Area Total Km2: | 932.22 |
| Area Land Km2: | 846.38 |
| Area Water Km2: | 85.84 |
| Area Water Percent: | 9.2 |
| Population As Of: | 2018 |
| Population Rank: | 290 |
| Population Total: | 2,522 |
| Population Density Km2: | 3.0 |
| Population Increase: | -4.9 |
| Coordinates: | 68.3064°N 16.7442°W |
| Utm Zone: | 33W |
| Utm Northing: | 7578061 |
| Utm Easting: | 0571942 |
| Geo Cat: | adm2nd |
Ballangen (Northern Sami: Bálák) is a former municipality in Nordland county, Norway. The municipality existed from 1925 until its dissolution in 2020. The 932km2 municipality was part of the traditional district of Ofoten. The administrative centre of the municipality was the village of Ballangen. Other villages in the municipality included Bjørkåsen, Kjeldebotn, Kobbvika, and Skarstad.
The municipality bordered Narvik Municipality to the east and Tysfjord Municipality to the south, and had a short border with Sweden to the southeast. Ballangen was situated on the southern shore of Ofotfjorden. Ballangen also included the long and narrow Efjorden, just south of the much larger Ofotfjorden. Its immediate surroundings were dominated by fjords, mountains, and forests. Ballangen relied on the nearby town of Narvik as its economic base.
Prior to its dissolution, the 932km2 municipality was the 119th largest by area out of the 422 municipalities in Norway. Ballangen was the 290th most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 2,522. The municipality's population density was and its population had decreased by 4.9% over the previous decade.[2] [3]
The municipality of Ballangen was established on 1 July 1925 when it was separated from the large Evenes Municipality. The new municipality encompassed all of Evenes located south of the Ofotfjorden. Initially, Ballangen had 3,270 residents.
During the 1960s, there were many municipal mergers across Norway due to the work of the Schei Committee. On 1 January 1962, the southern part of Lødingen Municipality (the island of Barøya and the area surrounding the Efjorden; population: 433) was transferred from Lødingen to Ballangen.[4]
On 1 January 2020, the municipality was merged with the neighboring Narvik Municipality and the eastern half of Tysfjord Municipality to form a new, larger municipality of Narvik. This decision had been reached in 2017 after national and local discussions involving municipal mergers.[5]
The coat of arms was granted on 18 July 1980 and it was in use until 1 January 2020 when the municipality was dissolved. The official blazon is "Vert, a hammer Or in pale" (Norwegian: På grønn bunn en gull opprett hammer). This means the arms have a green field (background) and the charge is an upright hammer. The hammer has a tincture of Or which means it is commonly colored yellow, but if it is made out of metal, then gold is used. The green color in the field symbolizes the importance of agriculture and the hammer was chosen to represent mining in the municipality. There used to be copper mines in the municipality. The arms were designed by Hallvard Trætteberg.[6] [7] [8]
The municipality is named after the old Ballangen farm (Norse, Old: Bagangr) which is located at the head of a small fjord with the same name. The first element is Norse, Old: bag which has an unknown meaning. The last element is which means "fjord".[9] [10] [11]
The Church of Norway had one parish (Norwegian: sokn) within the municipality of Ballangen. It was part of the Ofoten prosti (deanery) in the Diocese of Sør-Hålogaland.
| Ballangen | Ballangen Church | Ballangen | 1923 |
| Efjord Chapel | Kobbvika | 1985 | |
| Kjeldebotn Church | Kjeldebotn | 1956 |
The first person living in Ballangen was Lodve Lange (Lodve the long), who is mentioned in Heimskringla as being one of King Olav Tryggvason's most trusted warriors, and being placed near the king in the famous ship Ormen Lange (long serpent).[12] Lodve probably participated in the Battle of Svolder in the year 1000, and might have been killed there. He lived at Saltvik, which is near the fjord, east of today's village of Ballangen.
There is a long history of mining in Ballangen, starting from the 17th century. Over the years as many as 36 mines have been operated in Ballangen, including minerals like copper, nickel and iron, zinc, manganese, and lead, but the most serious mining started in 1911 with Bjørkåsen Gruver mining mostly pyrite. Mining for nickel and olivine continued until 2002. There is also a dolomite quarry in Ballangen. Ballangen is the main agricultural municipality in the Ofoten region. The Ballangen Museum is located in the village of Bjørkåsen in the municipality and presents the local mining history.[13]
Ballangen has the dubious distinction of having Norway's highest rate of sick leave from work,[14] probably due to the high number of people who worked in the mines there, and related environmental effects.[15]
During its existence, this municipality was governed by a municipal council of elected representatives, which in turn elected a mayor.[16]
The municipal council (Norwegian: Kommunestyre) of Ballangen was made up of 17 representatives that were elected to four year terms. The party breakdown of the final municipal council was as follows:
The mayors of Ballangen:[17]
The village of Ballangen lies along the southern shore of the Ofotfjorden along the European route E6 highway. The highway crosses the Efjord Bridges on its way to Ballangen and then on again to the town of Narvik.
The Efjorden area is dominated by large slopes of bare rock with a narrow green area of vegetation near the fjord. The obelisk-like mountain, Stetind, nearby is dominated by the same, dark blue-grey rock, which contrasts with the clear water in the fjord where the sand banks can be seen just below the surface. Climbers and hikers are often tempted to test their skills on the rocky slopes. The large Frostisen glacier is located in the southeastern part of the municipality.
In the east, Ballangen borders on lake Siiddašjávri which it shares with Sweden. Siiddašjávri is the 14th largest lake which lies in or partially in Norway. Other lakes in the municipality include Børsvatnet, Geitvatnet, Hjertvatnet, Kjelvatnet, Langvatnet, Melkevatnet, Røvatnet, Søre Bukkevatnet, and Storvatnet.
The island of Barøya sits near the entrances to the Efjorden from the Ofotfjorden. The Barøy Lighthouse sits on the northern edge of the island.