| Election Name: | 1991 Balearic regional election |
| Country: | Balearic Islands |
| Type: | parliamentary |
| Ongoing: | no |
| Previous Election: | 1987 Balearic regional election |
| Previous Year: | 1987 |
| Next Election: | 1995 Balearic regional election |
| Next Year: | 1995 |
| Seats For Election: | All 59 seats in the Parliament of the Balearic Islands |
| Majority Seats: | 30 |
| Opinion Polls: |
|
| Registered: | 566,243 |
| Turnout: | 341,294 (60.3%) 6.6 pp |
| Election Date: | 26 May 1991 |
| Leader1: | Gabriel Cañellas |
| Party1: | PP–UM |
| Colour1: | 1D84CE |
| Leader Since1: | 1980 |
| Leaders Seat1: | Mallorca |
| Last Election1: | 29 seats, 47.3% |
| Seats1: | 31 |
| Seat Change1: | 2 |
| Popular Vote1: | 160,512 |
| Percentage1: | 47.3% |
| Swing1: | 0.0 pp |
| Leader2: | Francesc Obrador |
| Party2: | Socialist Party of the Balearic Islands |
| Leader Since2: | 1991 |
| Leaders Seat2: | Mallorca |
| Last Election2: | 21 seats, 32.5% |
| Seats2: | 21 |
| Seat Change2: | 0 |
| Popular Vote2: | 102,060 |
| Percentage2: | 30.1% |
| Swing2: | 2.4 pp |
| Leader3: | Mateu Morro |
| Party3: | PSM–NM |
| Colour3: | FF6600 |
| Leader Since3: | 1988 |
| Leaders Seat3: | Mallorca |
| Last Election3: | 2 seats, 4.9% |
| Seats3: | 3 |
| Seat Change3: | 1 |
| Popular Vote3: | 22,522 |
| Percentage3: | 6.6% |
| Swing3: | 1.7 pp |
| Leader4: | Joan López Casasnovas |
| Party4: | Entesa de l'Esquerra de Menorca |
| Leader Since4: | 1983 |
| Leaders Seat4: | Menorca |
| Last Election4: | 2 seats, 1.3% |
| Seats4: | 2 |
| Seat Change4: | 0 |
| Popular Vote4: | 4,654 |
| Percentage4: | 1.4% |
| Swing4: | 0.1 pp |
| Leader5: | Miquel Pascual |
| Party5: | UIM–IM |
| Colour5: | 292C73 |
| Leader Since5: | 1991 |
| Leaders Seat5: | Mallorca |
| Last Election5: | Did not contest |
| Seats5: | 1 |
| Seat Change5: | 1 |
| Popular Vote5: | 8,429 |
| Percentage5: | 2.5% |
| Swing5: | New party |
| Leader6: | Cosme Vidal Juan |
| Party6: | FIEF |
| Colour6: | 2A52BE |
| Leader Since6: | 1991 |
| Leaders Seat6: | Ibiza |
| Last Election6: | Did not contest |
| Seats6: | 1 |
| Seat Change6: | 1 |
| Popular Vote6: | 2,468 |
| Percentage6: | 0.7% |
| Swing6: | New party |
| Map Size: | 350px |
| President | |
| Before Election: | Gabriel Cañellas |
| Before Party: | PP–UM |
| After Election: | Gabriel Cañellas |
| After Party: | PP–UM |
The 1991 Balearic regional election was held on Sunday, 26 May 1991, to elect the 3rd Parliament of the autonomous community of the Balearic Islands. All 59 seats in the Parliament were up for election. The election was held simultaneously with regional elections in twelve other autonomous communities and local elections all throughout Spain.
The Parliament of the Balearic Islands was the devolved, unicameral legislature of the autonomous community of the Balearic Islands, having legislative power in regional matters as defined by the Spanish Constitution and the Balearic Statute of Autonomy, as well as the ability to vote confidence in or withdraw it from a regional president.[1]
Voting for the Parliament was on the basis of universal suffrage, which comprised all nationals over 18 years of age, registered in the Balearic Islands and in full enjoyment of their political rights. The 59 members of the Parliament of the Balearic Islands were elected using the D'Hondt method and a closed list proportional representation, with an electoral threshold of five percent of valid votes—which included blank ballots—being applied in each constituency. Seats were allocated to constituencies, corresponding to the islands of Mallorca, Menorca, Ibiza and Formentera, with each being allocated a fixed number of seats: 33 for Mallorca, 13 for Menorca, 12 for Ibiza and 1 for Formentera.[1] [2]
The electoral law provided that parties, federations, coalitions and groupings of electors were allowed to present lists of candidates. However, groupings of electors were required to secure the signature of at least 1 percent of the electors registered in the constituency for which they sought election. Electors were barred from signing for more than one list of candidates. Concurrently, parties and federations intending to enter in coalition to take part jointly at an election were required to inform the relevant Electoral Commission within ten days of the election being called.[2] [3]
The term of the Parliament of the Balearic Islands expired four years after the date of its previous election. Legal amendments earlier in 1991 established that elections to the Parliament were to be fixed for the fourth Sunday of May every four years. The previous election was held on 10 June 1987, setting the election date for the Parliament on Sunday, 26 May 1991.[1] [2] [3]
The Parliament of the Balearic Islands could not be dissolved before the date of expiry of parliament except in the event of an investiture process failing to elect a regional president within a sixty-day period from the first ballot. In such a case, the Parliament was to be automatically dissolved and a snap election called, with elected deputies merely serving out what remained of their four-year terms.[1]
The table below lists voting intention estimates in reverse chronological order, showing the most recent first and using the dates when the survey fieldwork was done, as opposed to the date of publication. Where the fieldwork dates are unknown, the date of publication is given instead. The highest percentage figure in each polling survey is displayed with its background shaded in the leading party's colour. If a tie ensues, this is applied to the figures with the highest percentages. The "Lead" column on the right shows the percentage-point difference between the parties with the highest percentages in a poll. When available, seat projections determined by the polling organisations are displayed below (or in place of) the percentages in a smaller font; 30 seats were required for an absolute majority in the Parliament of the Balearic Islands.
| Polling firm/Commissioner | Fieldwork date | Sample size | Turnout | UM | PSM | EEM | ARM | UIM | FIEF | Lead | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1991 regional election | 26 May 1991 | 60.3 | 30.1 | 2.9 | 6.6 | 2.3 | 1.4 | 47.3 | – | 2.5 | 0.7 | 17.2 | |||||
| Sigma Dos/El Mundo[4] [5] | 18 May 1991 | ? | ? | 31.5 | 5.3 | 6.3 | 4.0 | – | 46.7 | – | – | – | 15.2 | ||||
| Metra Seis/El Independiente | 12 May 1991 | ? | ? | 30.4 | 7.3 | 10.4 | 2.7 | 1.1 | 40.8 | – | – | – | 10.4 | ||||
| Demoscopia/El País[6] [7] | 4–7 May 1991 | 400 | ? | 31.3 | 4.7 | 8.1 | 5.6 | – | 45.2 | – | – | – | 13.9 | ||||
| 1989 general election | 29 Oct 1989 | 63.5 | 34.5 | 9.2 | – | 2.3 | 5.1 | – | 40.7 | 2.5 | – | – | 6.2 | ||||
| 1989 EP election | 15 Jun 1989 | 44.7 | 35.6 | 8.2 | – | 4.2 | 3.5 | – | 32.9 | 5.7 | – | – | 2.7 | ||||
| 1987 regional election | 10 Jun 1987 | 66.9 | 36.7 | 32.5 | 10.2 | 9.0 | 4.9 | 2.2 | 1.6 | 1.3 | – | – | – | – | 4.2 | ||
| Parties and alliances | Popular vote | Seats | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Votes | % | ±pp | Total | +/− | |||
| People's Party–Majorcan Union (PP–UM) | 160,512 | 47.32 | +0.04 | 31 | +2 | ||
| People's Party (PP)2 | 30,237 | 8.91 | +0.96 | 13 | +1 | ||
| Socialist Party of the Balearic Islands (PSIB–PSOE) | 102,060 | 30.09 | –2.38 | 21 | ±0 | ||
| Socialist Party of Majorca–Nationalists of Majorca (PSM–NM) | 22,522 | 6.64 | +1.76 | 3 | +1 | ||
| Democratic and Social Centre (CDS) | 9,938 | 2.93 | –7.25 | 0 | –5 | ||
| Independent Union of Majorca–Independents of Majorca (UIM–IM) | 8,429 | 2.49 | New | 1 | +1 | ||
| United Left (EU–IU) | 7,741 | 2.28 | +0.07 | 0 | ±0 | ||
| The Greens (EV) | 7,205 | 2.12 | New | 0 | ±0 | ||
| Balearic Convergence (CB) | 5,513 | 1.63 | New | 0 | ±0 | ||
| Agreement of the Left of Menorca (PSM–EU) | 4,654 | 1.37 | +0.07 | 2 | ±0 | ||
| Independents of Ibiza and Formentera Federation (FIEF) | 2,468 | 0.73 | New | 1 | +1 | ||
| Nationalist and Ecologist Agreement (ENE) | 1,392 | 0.41 | New | 0 | ±0 | ||
| Independents of Formentera Group (GUIF) | 692 | 0.20 | New | 0 | ±0 | ||
| Progressive Union of Menorca (UPdeM) | 624 | 0.18 | New | 0 | ±0 | ||
| Spanish Phalanx of the CNSO (FE–JONS) | 600 | 0.18 | New | 0 | ±0 | ||
| Alliance for the Republic (AxR) | 596 | 0.18 | New | 0 | ±0 | ||
| Balearic Radical Party (PRB) | 549 | 0.16 | New | 0 | ±0 | ||
| bgcolor= | Left Unitary Platform (PCE (m–l)–CRPE) | 259 | 0.08 | New | 0 | ±0 | |
| Blank ballots | 2,934 | 0.87 | –0.18 | ||||
| Total | 339,188 | 59 | ±0 | ||||
| Valid votes | 339,188 | 99.38 | +0.66 | ||||
| Invalid votes | 2,106 | 0.62 | –0.66 | ||||
| Votes cast / turnout | 341,294 | 60.27 | –6.67 | ||||
| Abstentions | 224,949 | 39.73 | +6.67 | ||||
| Registered voters | 566,243 | ||||||
| Sources[8] [9] [10] | |||||||
| Constituency | PP–UM | PSIB | PSM–NM | UIM–IM | PSM–EU | FIEF | |||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| data-sort-type="number" | % | data-sort-type="number" | S | data-sort-type="number" | % | data-sort-type="number" | S | data-sort-type="number" | % | data-sort-type="number" | S | data-sort-type="number" | % | data-sort-type="number" | S | data-sort-type="number" | % | data-sort-type="number" | S | data-sort-type="number" | % | data-sort-type="number" | S |
| Formentera | 28.6 | − | 40.4 | 1 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Ibiza | 49.5 | 7 | 31.8 | 4 | 8.3 | 1 | |||||||||||||||||
| Mallorca | 47.5 | 18 | 29.4 | 11 | 8.2 | 3 | 3.1 | 1 | |||||||||||||||
| Menorca | 45.1 | 6 | 33.6 | 5 | 14.1 | 2 | |||||||||||||||||
| Total | 47.3 | 31 | 30.1 | 21 | 6.6 | 3 | 2.5 | 1 | 1.4 | 2 | 0.7 | 1 | |||||||||||
| Sources | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Investiture Gabriel Cañellas (PP) | |||
| Ballot → | 27 June 1991 | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Required majority → | 30 out of 59 | ||
| Absentees | |||
| Sources | |||