Bai Suocheng Explained

Bai Suocheng
Native Name Lang:zh
Office:Member of the Amyotha Hluttaw
Term Start:31 January 2011
Term End:29 January 2016
Constituency:Laukkai Constituency No.2
Predecessor:Constituency established
Office1:Head of the Kokang Self-Administered Zone
Term Start1:20 August 2010
Term End1:April 2016
Predecessor1:position created
Successor1:Zhao Dechen[1]
Deputy1:Ming Xuechang
Office2:Head of the Shan State Special region 1 (acting)
Term Start2:24 August 2009
Term End2:20 August 2010
Successor2:as the head of KSZ
Deputy2:Liu Gaoxi[2]
Birth Date:1 April 1950
Birth Place:Hon Aik, Kokang, Burma
Party:USDP
Children:2 sons and 4 daughters (including Bai Yingneng (Khin Maung Lwin), Bai Yingcang (Khin Maung Win), Bai Yingxiang, Bai Yinglan)
Serviceyears:1967–2024

Bai Suocheng or Bai Xuoqian (; Burmese: ပယ်ဆောက်ချိန်; born 1 April 1950) is a Kokang politician from Shan State, Myanmar. He was a former deputy commander of the Myanmar Nationalities Democratic Alliance Army who later became the MP of the Amyotha Hluttaw representing Laukkai and first leader of the Kokang Self-Administered Zone. In 2024 he was extradited to China for running online and telephone scam centres.[3]

Career

Bai Suocheng was a deputy commander of the Myanmar Nationalities Democratic Alliance Army (MNDAA) who assisted Pheung Kya-shin in ousting Yang Mao-liang from the leadership in 1992. He later tried to replace Pheung himself with the support of Myanmar's government.[4] [5] Bai allied himself with the Tatmadaw (Myanmar Armed Forces) to oust Pheung during the three-day Kokang incident in 2009. Remnants of the MNDAA were reorganized into Border Guard Force #1006 under Bai's supervision afterwards.[6]

Bai was elected as an MP of the Amyotha Hluttaw representing Laukkai Constituency No. 2.[7] during the 2010 general election. Bai's agreement led to the formation of the Kokang Self-Administered Zone on 20 August 2010 where Bai would become its the first head of the Kokang Self-Administered Zone.[8]

Under his rule, the region became known for drugs and weapons trafficking.[9] Bai was not very popular and survived an assassination attempt in March 2012.[10] Bai's deputy, Liu Gaoxi, was elected in the same general election in 2010, and was known for his involvement with drugs trafficking.[11] Bai Suocheng, his children and his associates dominated a multi-billion-dollar hotel and casino business empire, including online gambling operations. These businesses extend to Karen State and internationally to Sihanoukville, Cambodia. Chinese court records have heard multiple cases involving the Bai and Liu family's companies relating to gambling, smuggling and kidnapping from Kokang hotels and casinos.[12]

On 10 December 2023, China issued a warrant for him.[13] [14] [15] He was later arrested by the Myanmar authority, which transferred him along with other nine people, including his son Bai Yingcang, to China on 30 January 2024.[16] [17]

See also

Notes and References

  1. Web site: 赵德强担任果敢自治区领导委员会主席. Kokang News. Chinese. 2016-04-10. 2016-04-19. https://web.archive.org/web/20160419000824/http://www.kokangnet.com/news/201604/12329.html. dead .
  2. Web site: 自治区领导委员会率地区各级机关单位、部门共同吊唁刘国玺老领导. website of Kokang Self-Administered Zone. Chinese. 2020-01-17. https://web.archive.org/web/20231115125930/http://www.kokangdzw.com/integratedmessage/n1579.html. 2023-11-15.
  3. News: Hawkins . Amy . Myanmar hands over junta-backed warlords to China in telecoms scam case . The Guardian . 31 January 2024.
  4. Web site: Myanmar Ethnic Armies Launch Major Offensive in Shan State . Strangio . Sebastian . 30 October 2023 . The Diplomat . en.
  5. Web site: Shanhe . Qiu . Interview on Kokang . www.shanland.org . 24 February 2015 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20150224170055/http://shanland.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=2844%3Ainterview-on-kokang&catid=85%3Apolitics&Itemid=266 . 24 February 2015 .
  6. Web site: Why civil war in northern Myanmar matters to China . wantchinatimes.com/ . 24 February 2015 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20150224160915/http://www.wantchinatimes.com/news-subclass-cnt.aspx?id=20150122000017&cid=1101 . 24 February 2015 .
  7. Web site: Zin Linn . Does the junta use drugs as a weapon in Burma's politics? . asiancorrespondent.com/ . 27 February 2015 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20150723172033/http://asiancorrespondent.com/44683/does-junta-use-drug-as-a-weapon-in-burma%E2%80%99s-politics/ . 23 July 2015 .
  8. Web site: Myanmar: Army Moves Against Chinese Crime Groups in Autonomous Zones . United States Institute of Peace . 26 January 2021 . Tower . Jason . Clapp . Priscilla . Priscilla A. Clapp.
  9. Web site: Tens of thousands flee war, airstrikes in Kokang region. reliefweb.int/r. Democratic Voice of Burma. 24 February 2015.
  10. Web site: Bai Xuoqian, head of the Kokang Self-Administered . www.shanland.org . Shan Herald . 24 February 2015 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20150224160141/http://www.shanland.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=4508%3Abai-xuoqian-head-of-the-kokang-self-administered&catid=11 . 24 February 2015 .
  11. Web site: Skehan . Craig . Heroin traffickers elected in Burma . flarenetwork.org/ . Sydney Morning Herald . 24 February 2015 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20150224160917/http://flarenetwork.org/learn/asia_and_pacific/article/heroin_traffickers_elected_in_burma.htm . 24 February 2015 .
  12. Web site: Myanmar Regional Crime Webs Enjoy Post-Coup Resurgence: The Kokang Story . Clapp . Priscilla . Priscilla A. Clapp . Tower . Jason . 27 August 2021 . United States Institute of Peace . en.
  13. News: China issues arrest warrants, offers rewards for 10 leaders of telecom fraud gangs in Myanmar . 10 December 2023 . China Daily.
  14. News: 公安机关公开通缉白所成、魏怀仁、刘正祥等10名缅北果敢自治区电信网络诈骗犯罪集团重要头目 . 10 December 2023 . . zh-hans.
  15. News: ကိုးကန့်အုပ်ချုပ်ရေးမှူးဟောင်း အပါအဝင် ဆယ်ဦးကို တရုတ် ဖမ်းဝရမ်းထုတ် . 2023-12-10 . my . RFA Burmese.
  16. News: Myanmar arrests alleged Chinese scammers, former MP . 31 January 2024 . Radio Free Asia . en.
  17. News: 白所成等10名缅北重大犯罪嫌疑人被成功押解回国 . 30 January 2024 . China News. zh-hans.

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