Bartu Explained

Bartu
Prince Kang of the First Rank
Chinese: 和碩康親王
Succession:Prince Kang of the First Rank
Reign:1733–1753
Reign-Type:Tenure
Predecessor:Chong'an
Successor:Yong'en
Birth Date:12 September 1674
House:Aisin Gioro
Full Name:Bartu
Posthumous Name:Prince Kangjian of the First Rank (康簡親王)
Spouse:Lady Ezhuo
Issue:Mozhang
Moben
Mojing
Moguang
and 21 other children
Father:Giyesu
Mother:Lady Sakda

Bartu (Manchu: ᠪᠠᡵᡨᡠ᠋,, 12 September 1674 - 10 April 1753) was a Manchu prince of the Qing dynasty. He was Giyesu's fourth son and a fifth-generation descendant of Daišan, Nurhaci's second son.[1] Bartu was the last Prince Kang of the First Rank as his peerage was renamed back to "Prince Li of the First Rank" in commemoration of Daishan's contribution to establishment of the Qing dynasty.[2]

Life

Bartu was born on 12 September 1674 to secondary princess consort Kangliang of the first rank, lady Sakda. In 1733, Bartu succeeded to the title of Prince Kang of the First Rank after the death of Chong'an.[3]

Involvement in the coup of Hongxi

In 1739, Hongxi (2nd in Prince Li of the First Rank peerage, Yunreng's son) formed a faction together with Hongsheng (son of Prince Heng of the First Rank Yunqi), Prince Ning of the Second Rank Hongjiao (son of Prince Yi of the First Rank Yinxiang), Hongchang, Yunlu and Hongpu (son of Prince Zhuang of the First Rank Yunlu). They aimed to oust the Qianlong Emperor from power and support Hongxi's succession to the imperial throne.[4] The faction failed to achieve its aim as Hongpu dispatched a messenger to report an urgent matter to the emperor, who resided at that time in Rehe. Hongpu was arrested at the Copper Wall by imperial guards.[5] After the imperial hunt, all the conspirators were temporarily imprisoned at the Imperial Clan Court, where the trial was held. One of the interrogators was Bartu, who was entrusted with the affairs of the imperial clan court.[6] The princes being underlings of Hongxi were stripped of their title and imprisoned (Hongxi, Hongsheng, Hongchang),[7] deprived of the allowance (Hongjiao[8]) or demoted, e.g. Hongpu, who was demoted to grace defender duke.[9] The proper decree was drafted by Bartu and Zhang Tingyu, one of the most prominent officials of the Qianlong era.[10]

Court career

In 1748, Bartu was sent to the Imperial Ancestral Temple to conduct sacrificial rites.[11] In 1749 and in 1751,[12] Bartu was sent to the Temple of Heaven to pray for good harvests.[13] In 1749, Bartu made sacrifices at the Temple of Earth.[14] In 1752, he was dismissed of attending court sessions due to serious illness.[15] Bartu died of illness at the age of 79 on 10 April 1753 and was posthumously honoured as "Prince Kangjian of the First Rank" (和硕康简亲王)

Family

Bartu was married to Lady Ezhuo, daughter of Qishan (奇山). His second primary consort was the sister of the previous one. Bartu had in summary 24 sons and at least one daughter, whose marriage was held in 1765.[16] The number of children he had was one of the greatest among the Qing dynasty royalty (Kangxi Emperor had in summary 55 children, Shanqi had 38 children).

Notes and References

  1. Book: 《八旗通志》. 129.
  2. Book: 王/Wang, 梓/Zi. "王府"/"Prince's manor". Beijing Book Co. Inc.. 2005. 56.
  3. Book: Wu/吴, Yuqing/玉清. Eight great princes of the Qing dynasty. Wu/吴. Yongxing (永兴). 学苑出版社. 1993. 141.
  4. Book: Jin, Hengyuan. "Another Yongzheng". Beijing Book Co. Inc.. 2018.
  5. Book: Gao, Yang. 三春爭及初春景/Fight in the spring scenery. 生活・讀書・新知三联书店. 2001. 686.
  6. Book: Dong (董), Yiqiu (一秋). 10 great writers of China. Cao Xueqin / 中国十大文豪曹雪芹. Beijing Book Co. Inc.. 2003.
  7. Book: Hua, Bin. The Qianlong Emperor. 千華駐科技出版有限公司. 2015.
  8. Web site: Qianlong ReignThe Palace Museum. 2021-01-23. en.dpm.org.cn.
  9. Book: Feng, Jingzhi. The art of weaving in the Qing. Chunfeng Cultural Press. 1065.
  10. Book: Feng, Jingzhi. "A weaving art of Great Qing". 春风文艺出版社. 2003. 1020.
  11. Book: "A decree assigning to Bartu organisation of sacrifices at the Imperial Ancestral Temple". 1749.
  12. Book: "A decree assigning to Bartu a prayer at the Temple of Prayer for Harvests".. 1751.
  13. Book: "A decree assigning to Bartu a prayer at the Temple of Prayer for Harvests". 1749.
  14. Book: "A decree appointing Bartu in charge of organisation of summer sacrificial rites at the Temple of Earth". 1749.
  15. Book: "A decree relieving Bartu and others from attending court sessions". 1753.
  16. Book: "A request to bestow a title on Bartu's married daughter". 1765.
  17. Web site: 详细资料介绍_爱新觉罗宗谱网. 2021-01-16. www.axjlzp.com.

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