BPTF explained

Nucleosome-remodeling factor subunit BPTF is a protein that in humans is encoded by the BPTF gene.^{[1] [2] [3] [4]}

This gene was identified by the reactivity of its encoded protein to a monoclonal antibody prepared against brain homogenates from patients with Alzheimer's disease. Analysis of the original protein (fetal Alz-50 reactive clone 1, or FAC1), identified as an 810 aa protein containing a DNA-binding domain and a zinc finger motif, suggested it might play a role in the regulation of transcription. High levels of FAC1 were detected in fetal brain and in patients with neurodegenerative diseases. The protein encoded by this gene is actually much larger than originally thought, and it also contains a C-terminal bromodomain characteristic of proteins that regulate transcription during proliferation. The encoded protein is highly similar to the largest subunit of the Drosophila NURF (nucleosome remodeling factor) complex. In Drosophila, the NURF complex, which catalyzes nucleosome sliding on DNA and interacts with sequence-specific transcription factors, is necessary for the chromatin remodeling required for transcription. Two alternative transcripts encoding different isoforms have been described completely.

Interactions

BPTF has been shown to interact with MAZ.^[5]

Further reading

• Bowser R, Giambrone A, Davies P . FAC1, a novel gene identified with the monoclonal antibody Alz50, is developmentally regulated in human brain . Dev. Neurosci. . 17 . 1 . 20–37 . 1995 . 7621746 . 10.1159/000111270 .
• Bonaldo MF, Lennon G, Soares MB . Normalization and subtraction: two approaches to facilitate gene discovery . Genome Res. . 6 . 9 . 791–806 . 1997 . 8889548 . 10.1101/gr.6.9.791 . free .
• Zhu P, Bowser R . Identification and analysis of the complete cDNA sequence for the human FAC1 gene . Biochim. Biophys. Acta . 1309 . 1–2 . 5–8 . 1997 . 8950167 . 10.1016/s0167-4781(96)00127-3.
• Mu X, Springer JE, Bowser R . FAC1 expression and localization in motor neurons of developing, adult, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis spinal cord . Exp. Neurol. . 146 . 1 . 17–24 . 1997 . 9225734 . 10.1006/exnr.1997.6508 . 25924273 .
• Jordan-Sciutto KL, Dragich JM, Bowser R . DNA binding activity of the fetal Alz-50 clone 1 (FAC1) protein is enhanced by phosphorylation . Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. . 260 . 3 . 785–9 . 1999 . 10403843 . 10.1006/bbrc.1999.0986 .
• Jordan-Sciutto KL, Dragich JM, Rhodes JL, Bowser R . Fetal Alz-50 clone 1, a novel zinc finger protein, binds a specific DNA sequence and acts as a transcriptional regulator . J. Biol. Chem. . 274 . 49 . 35262–8 . 2000 . 10575013 . 10.1074/jbc.274.49.35262 . 3670955 . free .
• Jordan-Sciutto KL . Fetal Alz-50 clone 1 (FAC1) protein interacts with the Myc-associated zinc finger protein (ZF87/MAZ) and alters its transcriptional activity . Biochemistry . 39 . 12 . 3206–15 . 2000 . 10727212 . 10.1021/bi992211q . vanc. Dragich JM . Caltagarone J . 3 . Hall . D. J. . Bowser . R. . 3667205.
• Jordan-Sciutto K, Rhodes J, Bowser R . Altered subcellular distribution of transcriptional regulators in response to Abeta peptide and during Alzheimer's disease . Mech. Ageing Dev. . 123 . 1 . 11–20 . 2002 . 11640947 . 10.1016/S0047-6374(01)00334-7 . 34907508 .
• Strausberg RL . Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. . 99 . 26 . 16899–903 . 2003 . 12477932 . 10.1073/pnas.242603899 . 139241 . vanc. Feingold EA . Grouse LH . 3 . Derge . JG . Klausner . RD . Collins . FS . Wagner . L . Shenmen . CM . Schuler . GD . 2002PNAS...9916899M. free .
• Rhodes J, Lutka FA, Jordan-Sciutto KL, Bowser R . Altered expression and distribution of FAC1 during NGF-induced neurite outgrowth of PC12 cells . NeuroReport . 14 . 3 . 449–52 . 2003 . 12634501 . 10.1097/00001756-200303030-00030 . 28755165 .
• Barak O . Isolation of human NURF: a regulator of Engrailed gene expression . EMBO J. . 22 . 22 . 6089–100 . 2004 . 14609955 . 10.1093/emboj/cdg582 . 275440 . vanc. Lazzaro MA . Lane WS . 3 . Speicher . DW . Picketts . DJ . Shiekhattar . R .
• Ota T . Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs . Nat. Genet. . 36 . 1 . 40–5 . 2004 . 14702039 . 10.1038/ng1285 . vanc. Suzuki Y . Nishikawa T . 3 . Otsuki . Tetsuji . Sugiyama . Tomoyasu . Irie . Ryotaro . Wakamatsu . Ai . Hayashi . Koji . Sato . Hiroyuki . 21903526 . free .
• Beausoleil SA . Large-scale characterization of HeLa cell nuclear phosphoproteins . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. . 101 . 33 . 12130–5 . 2004 . 15302935 . 10.1073/pnas.0404720101 . 514446 . vanc. Jedrychowski M . Schwartz D . 3 . Elias . JE . Villén . J . Li . J . Cohn . MA . Cantley . LC . Gygi . SP . 2004PNAS..10112130B. free .
• Strachan GD . Fetal Alz-50 clone 1 interacts with the human orthologue of the Kelch-like Ech-associated protein . Biochemistry . 43 . 38 . 12113–22 . 2004 . 15379550 . 10.1021/bi0494166 . vanc. Morgan KL . Otis LL . 3 . Caltagarone . John . Gittis . Aryn . Bowser . Robert . Jordan-Sciutto . Kelly L. . 3670950.
• Gerhard DS . The Status, Quality, and Expansion of the NIH Full-Length cDNA Project: The Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC) . Genome Res. . 14 . 10B . 2121–7 . 2004 . 15489334 . 10.1101/gr.2596504 . 528928 . vanc. Wagner L . Feingold EA . 3 . Shenmen . CM . Grouse . LH . Schuler . G . Klein . SL . Old . S . Rasooly . R .
• Strachan GD, Ostrow LA, Jordan-Sciutto KL . Expression of the fetal Alz-50 clone 1 protein induces apoptotic cell death . Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. . 336 . 2 . 490–5 . 2005 . 16137655 . 10.1016/j.bbrc.2005.08.127 .
• Li H . Molecular basis for site-specific read-out of histone H3K4me3 by the BPTF PHD finger of NURF . Nature . 442 . 7098 . 91–5 . 2006 . 16728978 . 10.1038/nature04802 . vanc. Ilin S . Wang W . 3 . Duncan . Elizabeth M. . Wysocka . Joanna . Allis . C. David . Patel . Dinshaw J. . 2006Natur.442...91L. 4690523.

Notes and References

1. Bowser R . Assignment of the human FAC1 gene to chromosome 17q24 by fluorescence in situ hybridization . Genomics . 38 . 3 . 455–7 . March 1997 . 8975731 . 10.1006/geno.1996.0657 .
2. Jones MH, Hamana N, Shimane M . Identification and characterization of BPTF, a novel bromodomain transcription factor . Genomics . 63 . 1 . 35–9 . April 2000 . 10662542 . 10.1006/geno.1999.6070 .
3. Wysocka J, Swigut T, Xiao H, Milne TA, Kwon SY, Landry J, Kauer M, Tackett AJ, Chait BT, Badenhorst P, Wu C, Allis CD . A PHD finger of NURF couples histone H3 lysine 4 trimethylation with chromatin remodelling . Nature . 442 . 7098 . 86–90 . July 2006 . 16728976 . 10.1038/nature04815 . 2006Natur.442...86W . 4389087 .
4. Web site: Entrez Gene: BPTF bromodomain PHD finger transcription factor.
5. Jordan-Sciutto . K L . Dragich J M . Caltagarone J . Hall D J . Bowser R . March 2000 . Fetal Alz-50 clone 1 (FAC1) protein interacts with the Myc-associated zinc finger protein (ZF87/MAZ) and alters its transcriptional activity . Biochemistry . 39 . 12 . 3206–15 . UNITED STATES. 0006-2960. 10727212 . 10.1021/bi992211q . 3667205.