BMF (gene) explained

Bcl-2-modifying factor is a protein that in humans is encoded by the BMF gene.^{[1] [2]}

The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the BCL2 protein family. BCL2 family members form hetero- or homodimers and act as anti- or pro-apoptotic regulators that are involved in a wide variety of cellular activities. This protein contains a single BCL2 homology domain 3 (BH3), and has been shown to bind BCL2 proteins and function as an apoptotic activator. This protein is found to be sequestered to myosin V motors by its association with dynein light chain 2, which may be important for sensing intracellular damage and triggering apoptosis. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been identified.^[3]

Interactions

BMF (gene) has been shown to interact with Bcl-2 and DYNLL2.^{[1] [4]}

Further reading

• Hattori A, Okumura K, Nagase T . Characterization of long cDNA clones from human adult spleen. . DNA Res. . 7 . 6 . 357–66 . 2001 . 11214971 . 10.1093/dnares/7.6.357 . etal. free .
• Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH . Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences. . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. . 99 . 26 . 16899–903 . 2003 . 12477932 . 10.1073/pnas.242603899 . 139241 . 2002PNAS...9916899M . etal. free .
• Lei K, Davis RJ . JNK phosphorylation of Bim-related members of the Bcl2 family induces Bax-dependent apoptosis. . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. . 100 . 5 . 2432–7 . 2003 . 12591950 . 10.1073/pnas.0438011100 . 151358 . 2003PNAS..100.2432L . free .
• Day CL, Puthalakath H, Skea G . Localization of dynein light chains 1 and 2 and their pro-apoptotic ligands. . Biochem. J. . 377 . Pt 3 . 597–605 . 2004 . 14561217 . 10.1042/BJ20031251 . 1223895 . etal.
• Morales AA, Olsson A, Celsing F . Expression and transcriptional regulation of functionally distinct Bmf isoforms in B-chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells. . Leukemia . 18 . 1 . 41–7 . 2004 . 14574334 . 10.1038/sj.leu.2403183 . etal. 23083926 .
• Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T . Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. . Nat. Genet. . 36 . 1 . 40–5 . 2004 . 14702039 . 10.1038/ng1285 . etal. free .
• Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA . The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). . Genome Res. . 14 . 10B . 2121–7 . 2004 . 15489334 . 10.1101/gr.2596504 . 528928 . etal.
• Chen L, Willis SN, Wei A . Differential targeting of prosurvival Bcl-2 proteins by their BH3-only ligands allows complementary apoptotic function. . Mol. Cell . 17 . 3 . 393–403 . 2005 . 15694340 . 10.1016/j.molcel.2004.12.030 . etal. free .
• Kuwana T, Bouchier-Hayes L, Chipuk JE . BH3 domains of BH3-only proteins differentially regulate Bax-mediated mitochondrial membrane permeabilization both directly and indirectly. . Mol. Cell . 17 . 4 . 525–35 . 2005 . 15721256 . 10.1016/j.molcel.2005.02.003 . etal. free .
• Soung YH, Lee JW, Park WS . BH3 domain mutation of proapoptotic genes Bad, Bmf and Bcl-G is rare in transitional cell carcinomas of the urinary bladder. . Pathology . 38 . 1 . 33–4 . 2006 . 16484005 . 10.1080/00313020500455811 . 32022854 . etal.
• Zhang Y, Adachi M, Kawamura R . Bmf contributes to histone deacetylase inhibitor-mediated enhancing effects on apoptosis after ionizing radiation. . Apoptosis . 11 . 8 . 1349–57 . 2007 . 16830229 . 10.1007/s10495-006-8266-1 . 19085805 . etal.
• Schmelzle T, Mailleux AA, Overholtzer M . Functional role and oncogene-regulated expression of the BH3-only factor Bmf in mammary epithelial anoikis and morphogenesis. . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. . 104 . 10 . 3787–92 . 2007 . 17360431 . 10.1073/pnas.0700115104 . 1820662 . 2007PNAS..104.3787S . etal. free .
• Yoo NJ, Soung YH, Lee SH . Mutational analysis of the BH3 domains of proapoptotic Bcl-2 family genes Bad, Bmf and Bcl-G in laryngeal squamous cell carcinomas. . Tumori . 93 . 2 . 195–7 . 2007 . 10.1177/030089160709300214 . 17557568 . 21247583 . etal.

Notes and References

1. Puthalakath H, Villunger A, O'Reilly LA, Beaumont JG, Coultas L, Cheney RE, Huang DC, Strasser A . Bmf: a proapoptotic BH3-only protein regulated by interaction with the myosin V actin motor complex, activated by anoikis . Science . 293 . 5536 . 1829–32 . Sep 2001 . 11546872 . 10.1126/science.1062257 . 2001Sci...293.1829P . 5638023 .
2. Web site: Entrez Gene: BMF Bcl2 modifying factor.
3. Web site: Entrez Gene: BMF Bcl2 modifying factor.
4. Day . Catherine L . Puthalakath Hamsa. Skea Gretchen. Strasser Andreas. Barsukov Igor. Lian Lu-Yun. Huang David C S. Hinds Mark G . Feb 2004 . Localization of dynein light chains 1 and 2 and their pro-apoptotic ligands . Biochem. J. . 377 . Pt 3 . 597–605 . England. 14561217 . 10.1042/BJ20031251 . 1223895 .