Bcl-2-interacting killer explained

Bcl-2-interacting killer is a protein that in humans is encoded by the BIK gene.^{[1] [2] [3]}

Function

The protein encoded by this gene is known to interact with cellular and viral survival-promoting proteins, such as BCL2 and the Epstein–Barr virus in order to enhance programmed cell death. Because its activity is suppressed in the presence of survival-promoting proteins, this protein is suggested as a likely target for antiapoptotic proteins. This protein shares a critical BH3 domain with other death-promoting proteins, BAX and BAK.^[3]

Interactions

Bcl-2-interacting killer has been shown to interact with BCL2-like 1^{[4] [5] [6] [7]} and Bcl-2.^{[5] [6]}

Further reading

• Chittenden T, Flemington C, Houghton AB, Ebb RG, Gallo GJ, Elangovan B, Chinnadurai G, Lutz RJ . A conserved domain in Bak, distinct from BH1 and BH2, mediates cell death and protein binding functions. . EMBO J. . 14 . 22 . 5589–96 . 1996 . 8521816 . 394673 . 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1995.tb00246.x.
• Han J, Sabbatini P, White E . Induction of apoptosis by human Nbk/Bik, a BH3-containing protein that interacts with E1B 19K. . Mol. Cell. Biol. . 16 . 10 . 5857–64 . 1996 . 10.1128/MCB.16.10.5857 . 8816500 . 231587 .
• Inohara N, Ding L, Chen S, Núñez G . harakiri, a novel regulator of cell death, encodes a protein that activates apoptosis and interacts selectively with survival-promoting proteins Bcl-2 and Bcl-X(L). . EMBO J. . 16 . 7 . 1686–94 . 1997 . 9130713 . 1169772 . 10.1093/emboj/16.7.1686 .
• Huang DC, Adams JM, Cory S . The conserved N-terminal BH4 domain of Bcl-2 homologues is essential for inhibition of apoptosis and interaction with CED-4. . EMBO J. . 17 . 4 . 1029–39 . 1998 . 9463381 . 1170452 . 10.1093/emboj/17.4.1029 .
• Hegde R, Srinivasula SM, Ahmad M, Fernandes-Alnemri T, Alnemri ES . Blk, a BH3-containing mouse protein that interacts with Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL, is a potent death agonist. . J. Biol. Chem. . 273 . 14 . 7783–6 . 1998 . 9525867 . 10.1074/jbc.273.14.7783 . free .
• Ohi N, Tokunaga A, Tsunoda H, Nakano K, Haraguchi K, Oda K, Motoyama N, Nakajima T . A novel adenovirus E1B19K-binding protein B5 inhibits apoptosis induced by Nip3 by forming a heterodimer through the C-terminal hydrophobic region. . Cell Death Differ. . 6 . 4 . 314–25 . 1999 . 10381623 . 10.1038/sj.cdd.4400493 . free .
• Holmgreen SP, Huang DC, Adams JM, Cory S . Survival activity of Bcl-2 homologs Bcl-w and A1 only partially correlates with their ability to bind pro-apoptotic family members. . Cell Death Differ. . 6 . 6 . 525–32 . 1999 . 10381646 . 10.1038/sj.cdd.4400519 . free .
• Castells A, Ino Y, Louis DN, Ramesh V, Gusella JF, Rustgi AK . Mapping of a target region of allelic loss to a 0.5-cM interval on chromosome 22q13 in human colorectal cancer. . Gastroenterology . 117 . 4 . 831–7 . 1999 . 10500065 . 10.1016/S0016-5085(99)70341-0 . free .
• Verma S, Budarf ML, Emanuel BS, Chinnadurai G . Structural analysis of the human pro-apoptotic gene Bik: chromosomal localization, genomic organization and localization of promoter sequences. . Gene . 254 . 1–2 . 157–62 . 2000 . 10974546 . 10.1016/S0378-1119(00)00276-6 .
• Jiang A, Clark EA . Involvement of Bik, a proapoptotic member of the Bcl-2 family, in surface IgM-mediated B cell apoptosis . J. Immunol. . 166 . 10 . 6025–33 . 2001 . 11342619 . 10.4049/jimmunol.166.10.6025 . free .
• Federici M, Hribal M, Perego L, Ranalli M, Caradonna Z, Perego C, Usellini L, Nano R, Bonini P, Bertuzzi F, Marlier LN, Davalli AM, Carandente O, Pontiroli AE, Melino G, Marchetti P, Lauro R, Sesti G, Folli F . High glucose causes apoptosis in cultured human pancreatic islets of Langerhans: a potential role for regulation of specific Bcl family genes toward an apoptotic cell death program . Diabetes . 50 . 6 . 1290–301 . 2001 . 11375329 . 10.2337/diabetes.50.6.1290 . free .
• Zou Y, Peng H, Zhou B, Wen Y, Wang SC, Tsai EM, Hung MC . Systemic tumor suppression by the proapoptotic gene bik . Cancer Res. . 62 . 1 . 8–12 . 2002 . 11782349 .
• Germain M, Mathai JP, Shore GC . BH-3-only BIK functions at the endoplasmic reticulum to stimulate cytochrome c release from mitochondria . J. Biol. Chem. . 277 . 20 . 18053–60 . 2002 . 11884414 . 10.1074/jbc.M201235200 . free .
• Gillissen B, Essmann F, Graupner V, Stärck L, Radetzki S, Dörken B, Schulze-Osthoff K, Daniel PT . Induction of cell death by the BH3-only Bcl-2 homolog Nbk/Bik is mediated by an entirely Bax-dependent mitochondrial pathway . EMBO J. . 22 . 14 . 3580–90 . 2003 . 12853473 . 165613 . 10.1093/emboj/cdg343 .
• Arena V, Martini M, Luongo M, Capelli A, Larocca LM . Mutations of the BIK gene in human peripheral B-cell lymphomas . Genes Chromosomes Cancer . 38 . 1 . 91–6 . 2003 . 12874789 . 10.1002/gcc.10245 . 23761640 .
• Hur J, Chesnes J, Coser KR, Lee RS, Geck P, Isselbacher KJ, Shioda T . The Bik BH3-only protein is induced in estrogen-starved and antiestrogen-exposed breast cancer cells and provokes apoptosis . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. . 101 . 8 . 2351–6 . 2004 . 14983013 . 356954 . 10.1073/pnas.0307337101 . 2004PNAS..101.2351H . free .
• Collins JE, Wright CL, Edwards CA, Davis MP, Grinham JA, Cole CG, Goward ME, Aguado B, Mallya M, Mokrab Y, Huckle EJ, Beare DM, Dunham I . A genome annotation-driven approach to cloning the human ORFeome . Genome Biol. . 5 . 10 . R84 . 2005 . 15461802 . 545604 . 10.1186/gb-2004-5-10-r84 . free .

Notes and References

1. Boyd JM, Gallo GJ, Elangovan B, Houghton AB, Malstrom S, Avery BJ, Ebb RG, Subramanian T, Chittenden T, Lutz RJ . Bik, a novel death-inducing protein shares a distinct sequence motif with Bcl-2 family proteins and interacts with viral and cellular survival-promoting proteins . Oncogene . 11 . 9 . 1921–8 . Dec 1995 . 7478623 .
2. Dunham I, Shimizu N, Roe BA, Chissoe S, Hunt AR, Collins JE, Bruskiewich R, Beare DM, Clamp M, Smink LJ, Ainscough R, Almeida JP, Babbage A, Bagguley C, Bailey J, Barlow K, Bates KN, Beasley O, Bird CP, Blakey S, Bridgeman AM, Buck D, Burgess J, Burrill WD, O'Brien KP . The DNA sequence of human chromosome 22 . Nature . 402 . 6761 . 489–95 . Dec 1999 . 10591208 . 10.1038/990031 . 1999Natur.402..489D . free .
3. Web site: Entrez Gene: BIK BCL2-interacting killer (apoptosis-inducing).
4. Rual JF, Venkatesan K, Hao T, Hirozane-Kishikawa T, Dricot A, Li N, Berriz GF, Gibbons FD, Dreze M, Ayivi-Guedehoussou N, Klitgord N, Simon C, Boxem M, Milstein S, Rosenberg J, Goldberg DS, Zhang LV, Wong SL, Franklin G, Li S, Albala JS, Lim J, Fraughton C, Llamosas E, Cevik S, Bex C, Lamesch P, Sikorski RS, Vandenhaute J, Zoghbi HY, Smolyar A, Bosak S, Sequerra R, Doucette-Stamm L, Cusick ME, Hill DE, Roth FP, Vidal M . Towards a proteome-scale map of the human protein-protein interaction network . Nature . 437 . 7062 . 1173–8 . October 2005 . 16189514 . 10.1038/nature04209 . 2005Natur.437.1173R . 4427026 .
5. Chen L, Willis SN, Wei A, Smith BJ, Fletcher JI, Hinds MG, Colman PM, Day CL, Adams JM, Huang DC . Differential targeting of prosurvival Bcl-2 proteins by their BH3-only ligands allows complementary apoptotic function . Mol. Cell . 17 . 3 . 393–403 . February 2005 . 15694340 . 10.1016/j.molcel.2004.12.030 . free .
6. Gillissen B, Essmann F, Graupner V, Stärck L, Radetzki S, Dörken B, Schulze-Osthoff K, Daniel PT . Induction of cell death by the BH3-only Bcl-2 homolog Nbk/Bik is mediated by an entirely Bax-dependent mitochondrial pathway . EMBO J. . 22 . 14 . 3580–90 . July 2003 . 12853473 . 165613 . 10.1093/emboj/cdg343 .
7. Jiang A, Clark EA . Involvement of Bik, a proapoptotic member of the Bcl-2 family, in surface IgM-mediated B cell apoptosis . J. Immunol. . 166 . 10 . 6025–33 . May 2001 . 11342619 . 10.4049/jimmunol.166.10.6025 . free .