Kojo Laing Explained

Kojo Laing
Birth Name:	Bernard Ebenezer Laing
Birth Date:	1 July 1946
Birth Place:	Kumasi, Gold Coast
Death Place:	Ghana
Nationality:	Ghanaian
Other Names:	B. Kojo Laing; Bernard Kojo Laing
Occupation:	Novelist, poet
Education:	Bonhill Primary School; Vale of Leven Academy
Alma Mater:	Glasgow University
Notable Works:	Search Sweet Country (1986) Woman of the Aeroplanes (1988)

B. Kojo Laing or Bernard Kojo Laing (1 July 1946 – 20 April 2017)^[1] was a Ghanaian novelist and poet, whose writing is characterised by its hybridity, whereby he uses Ghanaian Pidgin English and vernacular languages alongside standard English.^[2] His first two novels in particular – Search Sweet Country (1986) and Woman of the Aeroplanes (1988) – were praised for their linguistic originality, both books including glossaries that feature the author's neologisms as well as Ghanaian words.^[3]

Early life and career

Laing was born in Kumasi, capital of Ghana's Ashanti region,^[4] the eldest son and fourth of the six children of George Ekyem Ferguson Laing (an Anglican priest who became the first African rector of the Anglican Theological College in Ashanti) and Darling Egan.^[5] Baptized as Bernard Ebenezer, he later stopped using his English Christian name, favouring his African identity instead.^[6] After some early education in Accra, Laing in 1957 went to continue his primary and secondary schooling in Scotland, attending Bonhill Primary School and the Vale of Leven Academy in Alexandria, Dunbartonshire.

He graduated from Glasgow University in 1968 with a master's degree, before returning to Ghana with his Scottish wife Josephine and their three children.^[7] Joining the civil service, he remained there until 1979. He subsequently worked for five years as an administrative secretary of the Institute of African Studies at the University of Ghana, Legon, and in 1984 became head of Saint Anthony's School in Accra, which had been established by his mother.

Writing

Laing emerged as a poet in the 1970s, with work "occasionally drawing on the techniques of surrealism",^[8] but received significant attention only with the appearance his first novel, Search Sweet Country, which was published in 1986 to critical acclaim,^{[9] [10]} and won prizes including the Valco Award and the Ghana Book Award.

Search Sweet Country was reissued by McSweeney's in 2012, with an Introduction by Binyavanga Wainaina. Reviewing it in The Slate Book Review, Uzodinma Iweala writes: "Reading Search Sweet Country is like reading a dream, and indeed at times it feels like the magical landscapes of writers like the Nigerian Ben Okri or the Mozambican Mia Couto. Each page delivers an intense blast of vivid imagery, a world in which landscapes come to life when inanimate objects receive human characterization.... Laing ... is a master stylist, and Search Sweet Country delivers an absorbing, if demanding, world for both its characters and the reader."^[11] Publishers Weekly called it an "intricate, beautifully rambling novel ... a compelling and rewarding read",^[12] while the reviewer for the Pittsburgh Post-Gazette observed: Search Sweet Country' can be read over and over, continually surprising with a fresh turn of phrase or nuance in character, always engaging, always beautiful. The search is worthwhile."^[13]

Laing's second novel, Woman of the Aeroplanes, was published in 1988, and has drawn comparison with the work of Ayi Kwei Armah. Laing published two further novels: Major Gentl and Achimota Wars (1992), which also won a Valco Award in 1993, and Big Bishop Roko and the Altar Gangsters (2006).

His poetry collection, Godhorse was published in 1989. Laing also wrote short stories, one of which – "Vacancy for the Post of Jesus Christ" – was included in The Heinemann Book of Contemporary African Stories (1992; edited by Chinua Achebe and C. L. Innes), and has been described as "a wonderful, surreal piece of allegorical science fantasy".^[14]

Later years

Laing lived in Accra and, from 2005, devoted himself full-time to writing.^[15]

He died in Ghana aged 70 on 20 April 2017, survived by his first wife and nine children and his second wife and three children. Tributes in The Johannesburg Review of Books noted that Laing was "painfully underappreciated in his lifetime" and called him "one of the unsung heroes of African fiction".

Awards

• 1976: National Poetry Prize Valco Award
• 1985: National Novel Prize, Ghana Association of Writers
• 1993: Valco Award

Bibliography

• Search Sweet Country (novel), Heinemann, 1986; 2011, . With an Introduction by Binyavanga Wainaina, McSweeney's Publishing, 2012, .
• Woman of the Aeroplanes (novel), Heinemann, 1988; reissued 2011, with an Introduction by Ellah Allfrey,
• Godhorse (poetry), Heinemann African Writers Series, 1989.
• Major Gentl and Achimota Wars (novel), Heinemann African Writers Series, 1992.
• Big Bishop Roko and the Altar Gangsters (novel), Woeli Publishing Services, 2006.

Further reading

• Brenda Cooper, Magical Reading in West African Fiction: Seeing with a Third Eye, London: Routledge, 1998.
• Pietro Deandrea, " 'New worlds, new wholes': Kojo Laing's Narrative Quest for a Social Renewal", African Literature Today no. 20, 1996, pp. 158-178.
• Pietro Deandrea, " 'History never walks here, it runs in any direction': Carnival and Magic in the Novels of Kojo Laing and Mia Couto", in E. Linguanti, F.M. Casotti and C. Concilio (eds), Coterminous Worlds: Magical Realism and Contemporary Post-colonial Literature in English, Amsterdam/New York: Rodopi, 1999, pp. 209-225, isbn 9042004487.
• Pietro Deandrea, Fertile Crossings: Metamorphoses of Genre in Anglophone West African Literature, Amsterdam/New York: Rodopi, 2002, pp. 71-79 and 92-108, isbn 9789042014787.
• Arlene A. Elder, Myth, Humor and History in the Fiction of Ben Okri, B. Kojo Laing and Yvonne Vera, Boydell & Brewer, 2009.
• Hankinson, Joseph (2023). Kojo Laing, Robert Browning and Affiliative Literature. doi:10.1007/978-3-031-18776-6. ISBN 978-3-031-18775-9. S2CID 254625651.
• Moussa Issifou, "Beyond the Language Debate in Postcolonial Literature: Linguistic Hybridity in Kojo B. Laing's Woman of the Aeroplanes", The Journal of Pan African Studies, vol. 6, no. 5, October 2013, pp. 46–62.
• M. E. Kropp Dakubu, "Representations and Transformations in the Fiction of Kojo Laing: The 'Language of Authentic Being' Revisited", Connotations, Vol. 8.3 (1998/99): 357–61.
• Francis Ngaboh-Smart, Beyond Empire and Nation. Postnational Arguments in the Fiction of Nuruddin Farah and B. Kojo Laing. Amsterdam/New York, NY, 2004, XXI, 168 pp.
• Francis Ngaboh-Smart, "Science and the Re-representation of African Identity in Major Gentl and the Achimota Wars", Connotations 7.1 (1997/98): 57–79.
• Mary Rohrberger, "Woman of the Aeroplanes", in Frank N. Magill (ed.), Magill's Literary Annual 1991, Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Salem Press, 1991, 2:914–18.

External links

• Adewale Maja-Pearce, "Interview with Kojo Laing", in Wasafiri, Vol. 3, Issue 6 & 7, Spring 1987, pp. 27–29.
• "More Hope More Dust" – poem by Kojo Laing. Poetry Foundation.
• Otosirieze Obi-Young, "Is He African Literature’s Greatest Linguistic Innovator?", Brittle Paper, 10 May 2017.

Notes and References

1. https://readinglist.click/2017/04/24/writers-pay-tribute-to-kojo-laing-africas-best-novelist-by-far-binyavanga-wainaina/ "Writers pay tribute to Kojo Laing: 'Africa’s best novelist, by far' – Binyavanga Wainaina"
2. Moussa Issifou, "Beyond the Language Debate in Postcolonial Literature: Linguistic Hybridity in Kojo B. Laing’s Woman of the Aeroplanes", The Journal of Pan African Studies, vol. 6, no. 5, October 2013, p. 47.
3. Book: Kojo Laing, Robert Browning and Affiliative Literature . 10.1007/978-3-031-18776-6 . 2023 . Hankinson . Joseph . 978-3-031-18775-9 . 254625651 .
4. Maureen Abotsi, "B. Kojo Laing", Ghana Nation, 13 September 2013.
5. Onyekan Owomoyela, "Laing, B. (Bernard Ebenezer) Kojo", The Columbia Guide to West African Literature in English Since 1945, Columbia University Press, 2008, pp. 124–125.
6. http://www.ghanavisions.com/articles/6759-b-kojo-laing.html "B. Kojo Laing"
7. http://www.voice-online.co.uk/article/ghanaian-poet-and-writer-kojo-laing-dies-aged-70 "Ghanaian Poet And Writer Kojo Laing Dies, Aged 70"
8. http://www.poetryfoundation.org/bio/kojo-laing#poet Kojo Laing biography
9. http://www.bookrags.com/biography/kojo-laing-dlb/ "Kojo Laing"
10. http://www.complete-review.com/reviews/ghana/laingk1.htm "Search Sweet Country by Kojo Laing"
11. Uzodinma Iweala, I Only Want a Little Authenticity!' A lost classic of African literature—chaotic, dreamlike, and funny—finally gets its due", The Slate Book Review, 29 June 2012.
12. http://www.publishersweekly.com/978-1-936365-22-7 "Search Sweet Country"
13. Mona Moraru, "Kojo Laing's 'Search Sweet Country': A glorious Ghana-rama", Pittsburgh Post-Gazette, 23 September 2012.
14. https://johannesburgreviewofbooks.com/2017/05/01/rest-in-power-pa-kojo-paying-tribute-to-kojo-laing/ "Rest in Power, Pa Kojo: Paying tribute to Kojo Laing"
15. Web site: Authors, Africa Writes. . 17 February 2014 . https://web.archive.org/web/20140222170923/http://africawrites.org/2012/speakers/index.html . 22 February 2014 . dead . dmy-all .