| Bortala Mongol Autonomous Prefecture | |
| Settlement Type: | Autonomous prefecture |
| Translit Lang1: | Name |
| Translit Lang1 Info: | Chinese: 博尔塔拉蒙古自治州 |
| Translit Lang1 Info1: | Uighur; Uyghur: بۆرتالا موڭغۇل ئاپتونوم ئوبلاستى |
| Coordinates: | 44.906°N 82.0664°W |
| Subdivision Type: | Country |
| Subdivision Name: | People's Republic of China |
| Subdivision Type1: | Autonomous region |
| Subdivision Name1: | Xinjiang |
| Seat Type: | Prefectural seat |
| Seat: | Bole |
| Area Total Km2: | 27,000 |
| Population As Of: | 2019 |
| Population Total: | 475,483[1] |
| Population Density Km2: | auto |
| Population Urban: | 211,235 |
| Population Density Urban Km2: | auto |
| Demographics Type2: | GDP |
| Demographics2 Title1: | Autonomous prefecture |
| Demographics2 Info1: | CN¥ 35.4 billion US$ 5.1 billion |
| Demographics2 Title2: | Per capita |
| Demographics2 Info2: | CN¥ 74,275 US$ 10,749 |
| Timezone: | China Standard |
| Utc Offset: | +8 |
| Iso Code: | CN-XJ-27 |
| Order: | st |
| S: | 博尔塔拉蒙古自治州 |
| T: | 博爾塔拉蒙古自治州 |
| P: | Bó'ěrtǎlā Měnggǔ Zìzhìzhōu |
| Mon: | Борталын монгол үндэстний өөртөө засах жуу |
| Mong: | ᠪᠣᠷᠣᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠥᠪᠡᠷᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠵᠧᠦ |
| Monr: | Borotal-a-yin Moŋɣol öbertegen jasaqu jėü |
| Uig: | بۆرتالا موڭغۇل ئاپتونوم ئوبلاستى |
| Uly: | Börtala Mongghul Aptonom Oblasti |
| Uyy: | Bɵrtala Mongƣul Aptonom Oblasti |
| Sgs: | Börtala Mongĝul Aptonom Oblasti |
| Usy: | Бөртала Моңғул Аптоном Области |
| Lang1: | Oirat |
| Lang1 Content: | Borotala mongγol ebereen zasaqu ǰuu |
Bortala Mongol Autonomous Prefecture is an autonomous prefecture in the northern Xinjiang, China. Its capital is Bole, also known as Bortala. It has a population of 475,483 inhabiting an area of 27000km2. Despite being designated an autonomous area for Mongols in China, only a little over five and a half per cent of Bortala's population is Mongol.
"Bortala" comes from the Mongolian words boro tala, which mean "brown steppe".
Bortala is located in the southwestern part of the Dzungarian Basin. It occupies a V-shaped basin between the Dzungarian Alatau in the northwest and the Borohoro Mountains in the southwest.
The prefecture borders Kazakhstan to the north and west, and has an international border of 385km (239miles). To the east it borders Wusu City and Toli County of Tacheng Prefecture; to the south it borders Nilka County, Yining County, and Huocheng County of Ili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture.
The prefecture has two large lakes, Ebi-Nur and Sayram Lake.
Bortala is divided into two county-level cities, Bole and Alashankou; and two counties: Jinghe County and Wenquan County. In addition, it is home to the Fifth Agricultural Division of the Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps and its 11 regiment-level farms / ranches.
| Map | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Name | Hanzi | Hanyu Pinyin | Uyghur (UEY) | Uyghur Latin (ULY) | Mongolian | Population | Area (km2) | Density (/km2) | |
| Bole[2] | Chinese: 博乐市 | Uighur; Uyghur: بۆرتالا شەھىرى | 235,585 | 7,802 | 30.19 | ||||
| Alashankou | Chinese: 阿拉山口市 | Uighur; Uyghur: ﺋﺎﻻﺗﺎﯞ ﺋﯧﻐﯩﺰﻯ | 10,000(?) | 43 | 232.55 | ||||
| Jinghe County | Chinese: 精河县 | Uighur; Uyghur: جىڭ ناھىيىسى | 141,593 | 11,189 | 12.65 | ||||
| Wenquan County | Chinese: 温泉县 | Uighur; Uyghur: ئارىشاڭ ناھىيىسى | 66,502 | 5,862 | 11.34 | ||||
The Tang dynasty created the in this area. During the Yuan and Ming dynasties, the area was the territory of the Oirats. Chahar Mongols were moved here during the Qing dynasty from Kalgan, while Torghuud Oirats moved eastwards from the Volga.
The People's Republic of China established the autonomous prefecture on July13, 1954.
There are 35 nationalities in Bortala. According to the 2010 census, 65% of the 443,680 inhabitants are Han Chinese, while the remainder are Mongol, Uyghur, Kazakh, Hui or of other nationalities.[3]
| Ethnicity | Population 2000 | % | Population 2010 | % | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Han | 284,915 | 67.18% | 288,220 | 64.96% | |
| Uyghur | 53,145 | 12.53% | 59,106 | 13.32% | |
| Kazakhs | 38,744 | 9.13% | 44,417 | 10.01% | |
| Mongol | 23,927 | 5.64% | 25,125 | 5.66% | |
| Hui | 19,053 | 4.49% | 23,180 | 5.22% | |
| Dongxiang | 1,587 | 0.37% | 1,455 | 0.33% | |
| Zhuang | 345 | 0.08% | |||
| Xibe | 273 | 0.06% | |||
| Tibetan | 271 | 0.06% | |||
| Tujia | 267 | 0.06% | |||
| Manchu | 193 | 0.04% | |||
| Russian | 114 | 0.03% | |||
| Uzbek | 90 | 0.02% | |||
| Kyrgyz | 74 | 0.02% | |||
| Others | 2,669 | 550 | 0.12% | ||
| Total | 424,100 | 100% | 443,680 | 100% |
In 2004 the prefecture had a total gross domestic product of 3.69 billion Renminbi (including the XPCC 5th division), an increase of 11.9% over the previous year. Annual total imports and exports totalled US$ 554 million, an increase of 96.8% over the previous year. Average annual salary was 11000 Renminbi, an increase of 7.6%; average annual pure income per capita for agricultural workers was 3904 Renminbi, an increase of 10.8%.
Alashankou is a port of entry with both railroads and roads linking China with Kazakhstan; it is also one of China's national first-class port of entry (Chinese: 国家一类口岸). The volume of imports / exports passing through Alashankou accounts for 90% of the total for all of Xinjiang, and has been second to only Manzhouli, Inner Mongolia among land ports-of-entry in China for 8 days.