Akhtar Raza Khan Explained

Akhtar Raza Khan
Other Names:Azhari Miya
Birth Name:Muhammad Ismail Raza
Birth Date:1943 11, df=yes
Birth Place:Bareilly, United Provinces, British India
(present day Uttar Pradesh, India)
Death Date:(7 Zul-Qaida 1439)
Death Place:Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
Resting Place:Bareilly Sharif Dargah
Nationality:Indian
Office1:Grand Mufti of India
Term Start1:1982
Term End1:2018
Predecessor1:Mustafa Raza Khan Qadri
Era:Contemporary
Known For:Fatawa Taajush Shariah
Notable Works:Azhar Ul Fatawa
Movement:Barelvi
Children:6, including Asjad Raza Khan
Father:Ibrahim Raza Khan
Relatives:Ahmed Raza Khan Barelvi (great-grandfather)
Awards:"Fakhre Azhar" (Pride of Azhar)[1]
Religion:Islam
Madh'hab:Hanafi
Sect:Sunni
Founder:Jamiatur Raza
Alma Mater:Manzar-i Islam (Bareilly), Islamia Inter College, Bareilly, Al-Azhar University 1963 -1966
Tajush Shari'ah
Literary Works:Book list
Influences:Ahmed Raza Khan Barelvi
Module3:
Embed:yes
Type:Grand Mufti
Akhtar Raza Khan
Religious:Mufti Azam-e-Hind, and Mufti al-Diyar al-Hindiyyah and Shaykh al-Islām in Arabic
Alternative:Hadrat, Sheikh and Sahib-ul-Ma'ali
Background:gold
Color:black

Akhtar Raza Khan (23 November 1943 – 20 July 2018), also known as Tajush Shari'ah, and Azhari Miyan,[2] [3] was an Indian Islamic scholar. A mufti of the Barelvis, he was the great-grandson of Ahmed Raza Khan Barelvi who was considered to be a Mujaddid by his followers and was the eponymous founder of the Barelvi movement.[4]

He had served as the Grand Mufti of India succeeding Mustafa Raza Khan Qadri from 1982 to 2018 and Islamic Chief Justice of India from 2006 to 2018.[5] He was ranked 25th[6] on the list of The 500 Most Influential Muslims in the world in 2016 edition, 26th in 2010, 28th in 2011, 26th in 2012, 22nd in 2013-2014, 22nd in 2014-15 editions,[7] compiled by the Royal Islamic Strategic Studies Centre. He had tens of millions of followers in India.

Early life and education

He was born on 23 November 1943 at Muhallah Saudagaran in Bareilly, British India,[8] to Ibrahim Raza Khan as the grandson of Hamid Raza Khan and as a great-grandson of Ahmed Raza Khan Barelvi, who was considered to be a Mujaddid by his followers and founder of the Barelvi movement.[9] [10]

He went to school till graduation at the Madrasa Manzar-e-Islam of the Dargah Aala Hazrat, and then at Islamia Inter College, Bareilly. He post-graduated from the Al-Azhar University in Egypt in the Arabic literature and Islamic Studies with specialisation in Hadith and Tafseer from 1963 to 1966,[8] where he was conferred with the Fakhr-e-Azhar (Pride of Azhar) award by Gamal Abdel Nasser.

Career

In 1967, at the age of 25, he became a teacher at the Madrasa Manzar-e-Islam at Bareilly Sharif Dargah.[8]

Spiritual life

Khan was a spiritual follower and successor of his maternal grandfather Mustafa Raza Khan Qadri, the former Grand Mufti of India in the Qadriyya-Barkatiyya-Razviyya-Nooriya order of Sufism.

After retirement

He formally retired from teaching in 1980,[8] but continued to issue fatwa,[8] and holding seminars for students at Dar al-Ifta.[8]

In 2000, he founded the Centre of Islamic Studies Jamiatur Raza based in Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India.[11] [12]

He was considered by his followers as the Grand Mufti of India.He had been ranked 22nd on the list of The 500 Most Influential Muslims in the world (2014–15 edition), compiled by the Royal Islamic Strategic Studies Centre.[13] [14] He had tens of millions of followers in India.[15]

He died following a long illness on 20 July 2018, aged 74.[16] [17] [18] [19] [20]

After his death Mufti Mohammad Salim Noori, spokesperson of the Dargah Aala Hazrat, said Khan was "the lone cleric in India to get a title of Tajushariya and "one of the few prominent persons across the world to be allowed to visit the inside [of the] Kaaba in Mecca."[15]

Fatwa against ISIS

In 2015, Khan along with 70000 Muftis issued Fatwa against terrorism including ISIS, Taliban, Al-Qaida,, which was supported by more than 15 Lacs Muslims in India on the eve of the Urs-e-Razvi at Bareilly Sharif Dargah.[21]

Funeral

The estimated attendance at his funeral was just under one million.[15] [22] [23] His funeral occurred on 22 July 2018 at Islamia Inter College, Bareilly. The prayer was led by his son and successor Asjad Raza Khan.[24] His funeral was watched by at least 12,500,000 people across the world.[25] [26] [27] [28] A day of mourning was organised in Bareilly Sharif.[29] [30]

The funeral was organised by the Members of Bareilly Sharif Dargah and other organisations related to Dargah. The Namaz-e-Janaza was led by the son of Akhtar Raza Khan and head Mufti of Bareilly, Asjad Raza Khan at 10:00 AM on 22 July 2018.[18]

Memorial events

The Urs of Akhtar Raza Khan Qadri or Urs-e-Tajush Shariah is organised annually at the Bareilly Sharif Dargah to commemorate the death. It is being organised since 2019.[31]

Publications

Rulings

His Urdu-language fatwa collection was known as Majmu'ah Fatawa. His English collection is named Azharul Fatawa. One of his fatwas was his edict on the interest given to a Muslim by a non-Muslim:

When there is a dealing between a Muslim and a Muslim or a Muslim and a Zimmi Kaffir (a non-Muslim living in the safetyof an Islamic state), the taking more money than loaned is considered as interest and such a dealing will be unlawful. However, if this condition does not exist, this excess money will not be considered as interest and will be legitimate for a Muslim as it is unanimous that there is no interest applicable when there is dealing between a Muslim and a Harbi Kaafir (a non-Muslim who is not living in the safety of an Islamic State).
He had issued fatwa against the sterilization in 1975 on the order of Mustafa Raza Khan Qadri when Indira Gandhi had made the sterilization compulsory.[32]

In 2016, Khan wrote a book Tie Ka Mas'ala and he had issued Fatwa against wearing Ties, Khan had called Tie as the symbol of Christians, the non-Muslims.[33]

In October 2016, Khan under the letterhead of Shariat Council of India issued the Fatwa against the Uniform Civil Code in India and said it is made a law, it will be boycotted.[34]

Poetry

His composition of Na`at was entitled Safina-e-Bakhshish, written in three languages.[35]

Books

He was the author of "more than 50 books on Islamic theology and thought in Urdu and Arabic", including:[15]

References

Bibliography

External links

Notes and References

  1. News: Bareilly cleric among world's most influential Muslims | Bareilly News - Times of India. The Times of India. 27 May 2020. 6 June 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20200606043937/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/bareilly/Bareilly-cleric-among-worlds-most-influential-Muslims/articleshow/53605128.cms. live.
  2. Web site: Azahri miyan urs: अजहरी मियां के पहले उर्स का हुआ आगाज. 9 July 2019. 26 July 2019. 26 July 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190726092411/https://www.patrika.com/bareilly-news/azhari-miyan-urs-start-in-bareilly-4814418/. live.
  3. Web site: अजहरी मियां 10 मार्च को मकराना में- . 8 March 2014 . hi . Azhari Miyan at Makranah on 10 March . 2 December 2015 . 4 March 2016 . https://web.archive.org/web/20160304083110/http://www.bhaskar.com/news/MAT-RAJ-OTH-c-189-145651-NOR.html?pg=0&referrer_url= . live .
  4. News: Agarwal . Priyangi . 3 May 2019 . First urs-e-tajusharia to be observed on July 9–10 | Bareilly News . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20230109113832/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/bareilly/first-urs-e-tajushariah-to-be-observed-on-july-9-10/articleshow/69152358.cms . 9 January 2023 . . 25 April 2020.
  5. Web site: 12 June 2018 . Mufti Muhammad Akhtar Raza Khan Qaadiri Al-Azhari The Muslim 500 . 1 July 2024 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180612163437/https://www.themuslim500.com/profiles/mufti-muhammad-akhtar-raza-khan-qaadiri-al-azhari/ . 12 June 2018 .
  6. News: 8 August 2016 . Bareilly cleric among world's most influential Muslims . 1 July 2024 . The Times of India . 0971-8257.
  7. Web site: दुनिया के टॉप 50 मुस्लिमों में भारत के दो चेहरे . 1 July 2024 . Amar Ujala . hi.
  8. Book: Khan, Taajush Shari'ah Mufti Akhtar Raza. https://books.google.com/books?id=O7V6DwAAQBAJ&q=Akhtar+Raza+Khan+23+November+1943&pg=PA17. Safeena-e-Bakshish. TheSunniWay. Google Books . 2018 . 17–22 . Brief synopsis of the life of Taj al-Shariah, by Muhammad Kalim.
  9. Web site: World's 500 'Most Influential Muslims': 24 Indians in the list; Mufti Akhtar Raza Khan, Mahmood Madani in first 50 117 . TwoCircles.net . 16 October 2014 . He is the great-grandson of Ahmed Raza Khan (d. 1921), who founded the Barelwi movement in South Asia . 26 July 2015 . 8 October 2015 . https://web.archive.org/web/20151008174605/http://twocircles.net/2014oct16/1413482491.html#.VbTAHjMckjM . live .
  10. Web site: Kamal . Md Yousuf . 16 August 2023 . Tajush Shari'ah: A Beacon of Spiritual Influence in the Sunni Tradition . 1 July 2024 . Islamonweb . en.
  11. Book: Sanyal, Usha . Usha Sanyal . Jamal . Malik . Madrasas in South Asia: Teaching terror? . 2008 . . Ahl-i Sunnat Madrasas: the Madrasa Manzar-i Islam, Bareilly, and Jamia Ashrafiyya, Mubarakpur . 9780415442473 . https://books.google.com/books?id=0lo_Whlz-sYC&pg=PA23 . Sanyal08 . 8 November 2020 . 10 February 2024 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240210112243/https://books.google.com/books?id=0lo_Whlz-sYC&pg=PA23 . live .
  12. http://www.milligazette.com/news/9301-plan-to-develop-bareillys-jamiatur-raza-into-an-arabic-persian-university Plan to develop Bareilly's Jamiatur Raza into an Arabic Persian University
  13. News: Barelvi cleric in 'most powerful Muslims' list . The Times of India . Mrigank . Tiwari . 20 October 2014 . 5 September 2015 . 10 February 2024 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240210213251/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/bareilly/Barelvi-cleric-in-most-powerful-Muslims-list/articleshow/44890599.cms . live .
  14. Usha Sanyal. Generational Changes in the Leadership of the Ahl-e Sunnat Movement in North India during the Twentieth Century . Modern Asian Studies (1998), Cambridge University Press.
  15. News: Agarwal . Priyangi . 21 July 2018 . Noted Barelvi cleric Azhari Miyan dies . The Times of India . 30 January 2019 . 11 April 2019 . https://web.archive.org/web/20190411094834/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/bareilly/noted-barelvi-cleric-azhari-miyan-dies/articleshow/65075272.cms . live .
  16. Web site: rasia . 23 July 2018 . 10 lakh people attend funeral of Taajush Shariah Mufti Mohammad Akhtar Raza Khan Quadri . 22 August 2023 . The Siasat Daily – Archive . en-US . 9 January 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230109113848/https://archive.siasat.com/news/10-lakh-people-attend-funeral-taajush-shariah-mufti-mohammad-akhtar-raza-khan-quadri-1383884/ . live .
  17. Web site: बरेली शरीफ के अजहरी मिया के जनाजे में शामिल होने को लोग रवाना - . 22 August 2023 . Jagran . hi . 22 August 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230822170417/https://www.jagran.com/jharkhand/jamshedpur-janaja-of-ajhari-miya-18222919.html . live .
  18. Web site: 22 July 2018 . अजहरी मियां के जनाजे में उमड़ा जन सैलाब, गमगीन माहौल में हुए सुपुर्दे खाक Tajush Sharia Azahari Miyan ke Janaze mein umada jan sailaab hindi new . 22 August 2023 . Patrika News . hi-IN . 22 August 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230822170419/https://www.patrika.com/bareilly-news/tajush-sharia-azahari-miyan-ke-janaze-mein-umada-jan-sailaab-hindi-new-3140629/ . live .
  19. Web site: ताजुशरिया के आखिरी सफर में उमड़ा जनसैलाब . 22 August 2023 . Dainik Jagran . hi . 9 January 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230109113836/https://www.jagran.com/uttar-pradesh/bareilly-city-more-people-in-intkaal-18229329.html . live .
  20. Web site: भूख की परवाह और न बारिश की फिक्र ऐसा रहा पीर से बेइंतहा मुहब्बत का तारीखी मंजर . 22 August 2023 . Dainik Jagran . hi . 22 August 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230822170551/https://www.jagran.com/uttar-pradesh/bareilly-city-crowed-for-pir-tajusharia-18223092.html . live .
  21. News: Agarwal . Priyangi . 9 December 2015 . 70,000 clerics issue fatwa against terrorism, 15 lakh Muslims support it . 1 July 2024 . The Times of India . 0971-8257.
  22. Web site: अजहरी मियां के जनाजे में दिखा जो जनसैलाब, आपने कभी नहीं देखा होगा, देखें तस्वीरें. www.patrika.com. 22 July 2018. 30 January 2019. 27 March 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190327122242/https://www.patrika.com/bareilly-news/azahari-miyan-janaze-mein-jan-sailaab-ki-photo-3140733/. live.
  23. Web site: ताजुशरिया के आखिरी सफर में उमड़ा जनसैलाब. Dainik Jagran. 30 January 2019. 22 March 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190322121441/https://www.jagran.com/uttar-pradesh/bareilly-city-more-people-in-intkaal-18229329.html. live.
  24. Web site: 23 July 2018. 10 lakh people attend funeral of Taajush Shariah Mufti Mohammad Akhtar Raza Khan Quadri. 20 June 2020. The Siasat Daily - Archive. en-US. 23 June 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20200623074129/https://archive.siasat.com/news/10-lakh-people-attend-funeral-taajush-shariah-mufti-mohammad-akhtar-raza-khan-quadri-1383884/. live.
  25. Web site: MuslimMirror . 22 July 2018 . Renowned Barelvi cleric Mufti Akhtar Raza Khan passed away, lakhs attend final journey . 22 August 2023 . Muslim Mirror . en-US . 22 August 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230822165814/https://muslimmirror.com/eng/renowned-barelvi-cleric-mufti-akhtar-raza-khan-passes-away/ . live .
  26. Web site: 22 July 2018 . अजहरी मियां के जनाजे में दिखा जो जनसैलाब, आपने कभी नहीं देखा होगा, देखें तस्वीरें . 22 August 2023 . Patrika News . hi-IN . 27 March 2019 . https://web.archive.org/web/20190327122242/https://www.patrika.com/bareilly-news/azahari-miyan-janaze-mein-jan-sailaab-ki-photo-3140733/ . live .
  27. News: 23 July 2018 . Thousands throng funeral of noted Barelvi cleric; traffic blocked for eight hours . The Times of India . 22 August 2023 . 0971-8257 . 22 August 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230822165812/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/bareilly/thousands-throng-funeral-of-noted-barelvi-cleric-traffic-blocked-for-eight-hours/articleshow/65095015.cms?from=mdr . live .
  28. Web site: लाखों की भीड़ के बीच आज उठेगा अजहरी मियां का जनाजा, 10 बजे नमाजे जनाजा . 22 August 2023 . Amar Ujala . hi . 22 August 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230822170419/https://www.amarujala.com/india-news/ajhari-mian-will-be-buried-today-millions-of-people-will-be-come . live .
  29. Web site: अलविदा ताजुशरिया . 22 August 2023 . Hindustan . hi . 22 August 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230822170419/https://www.livehindustan.com/uttar-pradesh/bareily/story-goodbye-tajusharia-2081612.html . live .
  30. Web site: ताजुशरिया हुए दुनिया से रुखसत, मुरीदों के सैलाब में भगदड़, पुलिस से झड़प . 22 August 2023 . Dainik Jagran . hi . 22 August 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230822170415/https://www.jagran.com/uttar-pradesh/bareilly-city-tribute-to-tajusharia-18227153.html . live .
  31. Web site: परचम कुशाई की रस्म के साथ शुरू हुआ ताजुश्शरिया का उर्स . 22 August 2023 . inextlive . hi . 22 August 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230822171418/https://www.inextlive.com/uttar-pradesh/bareilly/tajusaaria-urs-start-bareilly-news-in-madrasa-jamiaturaja-217449 . live .
  32. Web site: नसबंदी पर फतवे से हिल गई थी हुकूमत - . 1 July 2024 . Jagran . hi.
  33. Web site: In India, Barelvi Cleric Issues Fatwa Prohibiting Muslims From Wearing Ties: Muslims Must Not 'Adopt The Symbols Of Non-Muslims' . 1 July 2024 . MEMRI . en.
  34. Web site: Barelvi sect opposes government's stand on triple talaq, Uniform Civil Code India.com . 1 July 2024 . www.india.com . en.
  35. Web site: Ahlesunnat.net – Safina E Bakhshish (Jild 8). books.ahlesunnat.net. 30 January 2019. 26 October 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20211026011234/http://books.ahlesunnat.net/safina-e-bakhshish-(jild-8)/876/. dead.
  36. Fatawa Tajushhariyah (in four volumes) by Dar al-Ishaat al-Islamiyya, Jamia al-Raza, Bareilly Sharif.

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