| Country: | Azerbaijan SSR |
| Previous Election: | 1985 |
| Next Election: | 1995–96 |
| Election Date: | 30 September 1990 |
| Seats For Election: | All 360 seats in the Supreme Soviet |
| Majority Seats: | 180 |
| First Election: | yes |
| Nopercentage: | yes |
| Party1: | Communist Party |
| Leader1: | Ayaz Mutallibov |
| Colour1: |
|
| Seats1: | 280 |
| Party2: | APFP |
| Seats2: | 45 |
| Leader2: | Abulfaz Elchibey |
| Last Election2: | new |
| Party3: | Independents |
| Leader3: | – |
| Seats3: | 15 |
| Chairman of the Supreme Soviet | |
| Before Election: | Elmira Gafarova |
| Before Party: | CPSU |
| After Election: | Elmira Gafarova |
| After Party: | CPSU |
Supreme Soviet elections were held in the Azerbaijan SSR on 30 September and 14 October 1990. They were the first multi-party elections in the country.
According to historian Audrey Altstadt,
The 1990 elections were characterized by intimidation, including the jailing of several Popular Front candidates, the murder of two others, and unabashed stuffing of ballot boxes in at least some districts in Baku, as witnessed by observers from the US Embassy-Moscow and the US Commission for Security and Cooperation in Europe (CSCE)