Aydinids Explained
| Conventional Long Name: | Beylik of Aydin |
| Common Name: | Aydinids |
| Native Name: | Aydınoğulları
آیدین اوغوللاری |
| P1: | Sultanate of Rum |
| Flag P1: | Double-headed_eagle_of_the_Sultanate_of_Rum.svg |
| Year Start: | 1308 |
| Year End: | 1426 |
| S1: | Ottoman Empire |
| Flag Type: | Flag |
| Capital: | Birgi, Selçuk |
| Common Languages: | Turkish |
| Religion: | Islam |
| Government Type: | Beylik |
| Event Start: | Collapse of the Sultanate of Rum |
| Event End: | Annexation by the Ottoman Empire |
| Today: | Turkey |
The Aydinids or Aydinid dynasty (Modern Turkish: Aydınoğulları, Aydınoğulları Beyliği, Turkish, Ottoman (1500-1928);: آیدین اوغوللاری بیلیغی), also known as the Principality of Aydin and Beylik of Aydin, was one of the Anatolian beyliks and famous for its seaborne raiding.
Name
It is named after its founder Aydın Mehmed Bey.
Capital
Its capital was at first in Birgi, and later in Ayasoluk (present day Selçuk), was one of the frontier principalities established in the 14th century by Oghuz Turks after the decline of Sultanate of Rûm.
History
The Aydinids also held parts of the port of Smyrna (modern İzmir) all through their rule and all of the port city with intervals. Especially during the reign of Umur Bey, the sons of Aydın were a significant naval power of the time.[1] The naval power of Aydin played a crucial role in the Byzantine civil war of 1341–1347, where Umur allied with John VI Kantakouzenos, but also provoked a Latin response in the form of the Smyrniote crusades, that captured Smyrna from the beylik.
The Beylik was incorporated into the Ottoman Empire for the first time in 1390, and after the passage of Tamerlane in Anatolia in 1402 and the ensuing period of troubles that lasted until 1425, its territories became again part of the Ottoman realm, this time definitively.
Architecture
The Beys of Aydin left important architectural works, principally in Birgi and Ayasoluk (Selçuk), their capital cities.
Legacy
The city of Aydın (ancient Tralles) was named after the dynasty.
List of rulers
- Muharizalsîn Gazi Mehmed Bey (1308–1334)[2]
- Umur Bey (1334–1348)
- Khidr b. Mehmed (1348–1360)
- Isa b. Mehmed (1360–1390)
- İsaoğlu Musa Bey (1402–1403)
- Musaoğlu II. Umur Bey (1403–1405)
- İzmiroğlu Cüneyd Bey (1405–1426)
See also
Bibliography
- Book: İnalcık, Halil . Halil İnalcık . The Rise of the Turcoman Maritime Principalities in Anatolia, Byzantium, and the Crusades . The Middle East & the Balkans Under the Ottoman Empire: Essays on Economy & Society . Indiana University Turkish Studies Department . 1993 . 309–341 . http://www.inalcik.com/images/pdfs/88386056RiSEOFTURCOMANMARiTiME.pdf . 1878318047 . https://web.archive.org/web/20170729173708/http://www.inalcik.com/images/pdfs/88386056RiSEOFTURCOMANMARiTiME.pdf . dead . 29 July 2017.
- Book: Lemerle, Paul . Paul Lemerle . L'émirat d'Aydin, Byzance et l'Occident: Recherches sur la "Geste d'Umur Pacha" . Bibliothèque byzantine: Etudes No. 2 . Paris . Presses Universitaires de France . 1957 . fr.
- Encyclopedia: Aydi̊̊n-Og̲h̲lu . Irene . Mélikoff . The Encyclopedia of Islam, New Edition, Volume I: A–B . Brill . Leiden and New York . 1986 . 9004081143 . http://referenceworks.brillonline.com/entries/encyclopaedia-of-islam-2/aydin-oghlu-SIM_0902.
- Book: Uzunçarşılı, İsmail Hakkı . Anadolu Beylikleri ve Akkoyunlu, Karakoyunlu Devletleri . Türk Tarih Kurumu Basımevi . Ankara . 1984 . 104–120 . tr . 563553149.
- Book: Zachariadou, Elisabeth A. . Trade and crusade: Venetian Crete and the beyliks of Menteshe and Aydin (1300–1415) . Istituto Ellenico di Studi Bizantini e Post-bizantini di Venezia . Venice . 1983 . 144691037 .
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Notes and References
- Web site: Venice and the Turkoman Begliks of Menteşe and Aydın . Hans Theunissen . . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20080227195426/http://www2.let.uu.nl/Solis/anpt/ejos/pdf/VG07.pdf . 2008-02-27 .
- C.E. Bosworth, The New Islamic Dynasties, (Columbia University Press, 1996), 221.
