is a Latin word, used by the Romans as a salutation and greeting, meaning 'hail'. It is the singular imperative form of the verb, which meant 'to be well'; thus one could translate it literally as 'be well' or 'farewell'.[1]
Latin: Ave is likely borrowed with an unspelled /h/ from Punic *ḥawe ('live!', . .), cognate to Hebrew Hebrew: חוה| (Ḥawwāh, Eve), and as Latin: avō from Punic *ḥawū (. .), from Semitic root Semitic languages: ḥ-w-y ('live').
The form might have been influenced by Latin: avē, the second-person singular present imperative of Latin: avēre (first-person Latin: aveō), meaning 'to be well/to fare well'. Indeed, its long vowel also ended up short via iambic shortening; this would explain the reluctance to spell the aspirate, as well as its interpretation as a verb form.
The word has been attested since Plautus.
The Classical Latin pronunciation of is pronounced as /la/. As far back as the first century AD, the greeting in popular use had the form (pronounced pronounced as /la/ or perhaps pronounced as /la/), with the aspirated initial syllable and the second syllable shortened, for which the most explicit description has been given by Quintilian in his Latin: [[Institutio Oratoria]]. While would be informal in part because it has the non-etymological aspiration, centuries later, any and all aspiration would instead completely disappear from popular speech, becoming an artificial and learned feature.
in Ecclesiastical Latin is pronounced as /la/, and in English, it tends to be pronounced .
The term was notably used to greet the Caesar or other authorities. Suetonius recorded that on one occasion, naumachiarii—captives and criminals fated to die fighting during mock naval encounters—addressed Claudius Caesar with the words "Latin: [[Ave Caesar morituri te salutant|Ave Caesar! Morituri te salutant]]!" ('Hail, Caesar! Those who are about to die salute you!') in an attempt to avoid death.[2] The expression is not recorded as being used in Roman times on any other occasion.
The Vulgate version of the Annunciation translates the salute of the angel to Mary, Mother of Jesus as "Latin: ave, gratia plena" ('Hail, full of grace').[3] The phrase "Hail Mary" (Latin: Ave Maria) is a Catholic Marian prayer that has inspired authors of religious music.
Fascist regimes during the 20th century also adopted the greeting. It was also distinctly used during the National Socialist Third Reich in the indirect German translation, German: [[wikt:heil|heil]].
is not to be confused with Latin Latin: ave as the vocative singular of Latin: avus, meaning 'grandfather/forebear', or Latin: ave as the ablative singular of Latin: avis meaning 'bird'.