Avadhesha Surolia Explained

Avadhesha Surolia (born 3 December 1947)[1] is a glycobiologist at the Indian Institute of Science (IISc), Bangalore. He was born in Kishangarh, Rajasthan, India. Presently, he is an honorary professor at the Molecular Biophysics Unit, IISc[2] and holds the Bhatnagar fellowship of the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR).[2] He is known for his work on lectin structure and interactions, orientation and dynamics of cell surface carbohydrate receptors and protein folding, diabetes, antimalarials and anti-cancer agents based on curcumin, flavonoids, etc. In addition, neuropathic pain, neurodegenerative disorders and the link between immunity and obsessive–compulsive disorder are areas of his current interest

Education and career

Surolia obtained his bachelor's degree in chemistry and biology from the University of Jodhpur in 1970. He earned his master's degree in biochemistry from Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda in 1972. He completed his Ph.D. under the guidance of B. K. Bachhawat from Madras University in 1976. In 1978, he was awarded a Doctor of Science degree by Madras University.After his doctoral studies he joined Indian Institute of Chemical Biology (IICB), Calcutta, as a scientist in 1977 until 1981. He further held the position of assistant professor at IICB until 1986, after which he joined Molecular Biophysics Unit (MBU) at IISc as an associate professor (1986–1991). He was a professor at MBU, IISc from 1991 to 2013 and served as its chairman from 2000 to 2006. From 2006 to 2011 he held the directorship of India's prestigious research institute, National Institute of Immunology (NII), New Delhi.[3] [4] During his tenure NII was recognized by Thomson Reuters Innovation Award in 2010 as the most innovative research institute nationally.[5] [6] He holds honorary professorship at Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Bangalore.[7] In recognition of his contributions to medicine and science, he was conferred an Honorary D.Sc. degree in 2013 by Queen's University, Belfast, UK.[8] [9] [10] [11]

Scientific contributions

Surolia has elucidated the role of glycosphingolipids as biological receptors through studies on lectin-glycolipid interactions using liposomes.[12] He discovered novel blood group and tumor antigen specific lectins[13] and made original contribution towards elucidation of the energetics and mechanism of protein-sugar recognition. He genetically re-engineered carbohydrate specificities of lectins imparting T-antigen tumor recognizing ability to peanut agglutinin.[14] He delineated the molecular basis of carbohydrate recognition by legume lectins[15] [16] [17] [18] [19] and demonstrated the novel C-H...O/N hydrogen bond in protein-sugar interactions.[20] He studied thermal unfolding of lectins that led to the discovery of novel modes of oligomerization in them.[21] [22] He found a molten globule monomeric intermediate during the folding of peanut agglutinin that retained its carbohydrate binding ability - establishing 'wet' molten globule as an "on pathway" folding intermediate and characterized other early intermediates.[22] [23] [24] His studies showed that the monomers of legume lectins have the necessary structural features for carbohydrate recognition and that oligomerization imparts them with topology necessary for their biologic activities such as agglutination, mitogenesis, etc. He elucidated the molecular features of substrate recognition by endoplasmic reticulum chaperones calreticulin and calnexin.[25] [26] He discovered the unusual quaternary structure of peanut agglutinin[27] and a novel lectin fold in Jacalin[28] as well as the structural basis of inactivation of ribosomes by gelonin.[29] He enunciated that solvent reorganization in protein-ligand interactions modulates their specificities.[30] [31] He showed the existence of co-operativity in lectin-multimeric sugar interactions. Surolia explained the enigmatic endotoxin neutralizing activity of polymyxin B to its specific ability to remove endotoxin from its assembly and attributed it to its unique amphiphilicity.[32] [33] [34] [35] He popularized Protein A as a tool in immunology.[36] [37] He discovered the broad substrate specificity of a key enzyme of biotin biosynthesis from M. tuberculosis[38] and reported novel inhibitors for it. He has demonstrated the potential of common dietary components - curcumin and green tea catechins as anti-cancer and antimalarial agents.[39] [40] [41] He has developed a rhodanine, BCFMT, as a potential therapeutic for cancer.[42] Surolia co-discovered the existence of the fatty acid synthesis pathway in Plasmodium and demonstrated its remarkable distinction from that of its human host.[43] He co-identified triclosan, a widely used biocide, to compromise the growth of the parasite by inhibiting its enoyl-ACP reductase (FabI).[43] Recently, Surolia and colleagues have identified pranlukast (a US Food and Drug Administration approved drug for asthma) as novel inhibitor of Mtb ArgJ, an enzyme of the arginine biosynthesis pathway, essential for pathogenicity and survival in host cells.[44] Pranlukast demonstrated remarkable efficiency in pre‐clinical models of Mycobacterium Tuberculosis.[44] These apart, Surolia has also ventured into the field of chronic disease biology where he has developed a novel form of insulin, Supramolecular Insulin Assembly-II (SIA-II), for long-lasting treatment of type I diabetes mellitus.[45] [46] [47] In addition to protein–sugar interactions his research is also focused on neuropathic pain, neurodegenerative disorders and the link between immunity and obsessive–compulsive disorder. Curcumin and its designed analogs are being developed as experimental therapeutics for these diseases and cancer.His findings have been commercially exploited by a number of international companies such as Amersham-Pharmacia, Sigma Chemical Co., Pierce Corporation, Bangalore Genei, Datascope Corp., and Shantha Biotechniques Pvt. Ltd. He has about 19 national and international patents.[48] Surolia has published about 360 scientific papers in peer-reviewed journals of high impact factor. He has an h-index of 41 and his publications have been cited over 5000 times.

Fellowships and memberships

Surolia is a member of: Third World Academy of Sciences (TWAS), Trieste, Italy[49] and International Molecular Biologists Network.[50] He is a fellow of all the science academies in the country- National Science Academy, Indian National Science Academy and Indian Academy of Sciences.[51] He was a member of the Board of Trustees, Human Frontier Scientific Programme (HFSP, Strasbourg).[52] [53] He is the only Indian member of the International Glycoconjugate Organization since 1998 and served as its president from 2001 to 2004.[54] He has been a visiting scientist at Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Maryland and University of Michigan, USA. He has chaired a number of Study sections of Department of Biotechnology, Department of Science and Technology and CSIR (India) and continues to advise a number of Institutions and Academic bodies in India and abroad. He is currently Bhatnagar Fellow of CSIR (India), was a JC Bose Fellow of DST (India), Honorary Professor, Indian Institute of Science, and member executive committee of the International Union of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (IUBMB).[55] He is in the editorial advisory board of IUBMB-Life and PLoS ONE. He has served as an editor of the Proceedings of the Indian National Science Academy from 1998 to 2001. He is an editorial board member of the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (India) and the Indian Journal of Biotechnology.

Awards

Jawaharlal Nehru Birth Centenary Lecture (2008).,[56] B.K. Bachhawat Memorial Award 2007, J.C.Bose Fellowship (2006),[57] Dr. B.R. Ambedkar Centenary Award for Excellence in Biomedical Research (2003),[58] Goyal Prize in the area of Life Sciences (2002), TWAS Prize in Biology (2001),[59] Professor GN Ramachandran 60th Birthday Commemoration Medal (2000), Alumni Award (IISc, 1999), Ranbaxy Science Foundation Award in Basic Medical Sciences (1995), Shri Om Prakhash Bhasin Award for Biotechnology (1993),[60] FICCI award for outstanding research in Biological Sciences (1993), W.H. Stillmark Prize (Honorary) for outstanding research contributions on lectins (1990), S.S. Bhatnagar Award for Outstanding Research in Biological Sciences (1987), INSA Young Scientist Medal (1976)

External links

Notes and References

  1. Web site: Indian Fellow-Avadhesha Surolia . insaindia.org . INSA . 2017-10-22 . 27 February 2020 . https://web.archive.org/web/20200227094726/http://insaindia.res.in/detail/N90-1070 . dead .
  2. Web site: Avadhesha Surolia. ics2014bangalore.in. 25 March 2014.
  3. Web site: Indian Fellow. insaindia.org. INSA. 25 March 2014. https://web.archive.org/web/20160304054624/http://insaindia.org/detail.php?id=N90-1070. 4 March 2016. dead. dmy-all.
  4. Web site: Prof. Surolia's Lab. mbu.iisc.ernet.in. MBU. 25 March 2014.
  5. Web site: Intellectual Property and Science. ip-science.thomsonreuters.com. Thomson Reuters. 25 March 2014. 31 March 2014. https://web.archive.org/web/20140331000630/http://ip-science.thomsonreuters.com/ssr/india-innovation-awards-2010/#awardees. dead.
  6. Web site: THOMSON REUTERS AND CONFEDERATION OF INDIAN INDUSTRY (CII) RECOGNISE INDIA'S MOST INNOVATIVE ACADEMIC INSTITUTIONS AND ENTERPRISES. www.iii.gov.in. 25 March 2014.
  7. Web site: Honorary Faculty. www.jncasr.ac.in. JNCASR. 25 March 2014.
  8. Web site: Winter Graduation. www.qub.ac.uk. QUB. 25 March 2014. https://web.archive.org/web/20131012215252/http://www.qub.ac.uk/home/Graduation/Summer2013HonoraryGraduates/ProfessorAvadheshaSurolia/. 12 October 2013. dead. dmy-all.
  9. Web site: Archived copy. www.mediator.qub.ac.uk. QUB. 25 March 2014. https://web.archive.org/web/20131011014029/http://www.mediator.qub.ac.uk/ms/graduations/summer2013/Hongrad13SH.wmv. 11 October 2013. dead. dmy-all.
  10. Web site: Team GB mastermind and international leading scientists honoured at Queen's. https://archive.today/20140901014818/http://qub.co.uk/home/ceao/News/Title,397826,en.html. dead. 1 September 2014. www.qub.co.uk. QUB. 25 March 2014.
  11. Web site: Recent News from Queen's. media.wix.com. QUB. 25 March 2014.
  12. Book: Satish P.R., Surolia A.. Liposome Methods and Protocols. Preparation and characterization of glycolipid-bearing multilamellar and unilamellar liposomes. Methods in Molecular Biology. 2002. 199. 193–202. 12094570. 10.1385/1-59259-175-2:193. 978-1-59259-175-6.
  13. Patanjali S.R.. Surolia A.. Sajjan S. U.. Erythrocyte-binding studies on an acidic lectin from winged bean (Psophocarpus tetragonolobus). Biochemical Journal. 1988. 252. 3. 625–631. 2458714. 10.1042/bj2520625. 1149194.
  14. Sharma V. Vijayan M. Surolia A. Imparting exquisite specificity to peanut agglutinin for the tumor-associated Thomsen-Friedenreich antigen by redesign of its combining site. Journal of Biological Chemistry. 1996. 271. 35. 21209–21213. 8702892. 10.1074/jbc.271.35.21209. free.
  15. Banerjee R. Das K, Ravishankar R, Suguna K, Surolia A. Vijayan M. Conformation, protein-carbohydrate interactions and a novel subunit association in the refined structure of peanut lectin-lactose complex. Journal of Molecular Biology. 1996. 259. 2. 281–296. 8656429. 10.1006/jmbi.1996.0319. 10.1.1.335.6342.
  16. Sharma V. Surolia A. Analyses of carbohydrate recognition by legume lectins: size of the combining site loops and their primary specificity. Journal of Molecular Biology. 1997. 267. 2. 433–445. 9096236. 10.1006/jmbi.1996.0863.
  17. Sharma V. Srinivas VR, Adhikari P, Vijayan M. Surolia A. Molecular basis of recognition by Gal/GalNAc specific legume lectins: influence of Glu 129 on the specificity of peanut agglutinin (PNA) towards C2-substituents of galactose. Glycobiology. 1998. 8. 10. 1007–1012. 9719681. 10.1093/glycob/8.10.1007. free.
  18. Thomas CJ. Surolia A. Mode of molecular recognition of L-fucose by fucose-binding legume lectins. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications. 2000. 268. 2. 262–267. 10679191. 10.1006/bbrc.2000.2110.
  19. Srinivas VR. Acharya S, Rawat S, Sharma V. Surolia A. The primary structure of the acidic lectin from winged bean (Psophocarpus tetragonolobus): insights in carbohydrate recognition, adenine binding and quaternary association. FEBS Letters. 2000. 474. 1. 76–82. 10828455. 10.1016/s0014-5793(00)01580-5.
  20. Ravishankar R. Ravindran M, Suguna K, Surolia A. Vijayan M. Crystal structure of the peanut lectin – T-antigen complex. Carbohydrate specificity generated by water bridges. Current Science. 1997. 72. 855–861.
  21. Reddy GB. Bharadwaj S. Surolia A. Thermal stability and mode of oligomerization of the tetrameric peanut agglutinin: a differential scanning calorimetry study. Biochemistry. 1999. 38. 14. 4464–4470. 10194368. 10.1021/bi982828s.
  22. Reddy GB. Srinivas VR, Ahmad N. Surolia A. Molten globule-like state of peanut lectin monomer retains its carbohydrate specificity. Implications in protein folding and legume lectin oligomerization. Journal of Biological Chemistry. 1999. 274. 8. 4500–4503. 9988681. 10.1074/jbc.274.8.4500. free.
  23. Mitra N. Sinha S, Kini RM. Surolia A. Analysis of the peanut agglutinin molten globule-like intermediate by limited proteolysis. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - General Subjects. 2005. 1725. 3. 283–289. 16051441. 10.1016/j.bbagen.2005.04.031.
  24. Hansia P. Dev S, Surolia A. Vishveshwara S. Insight into the early stages of thermal unfolding of peanut agglutinin by molecular dynamics simulations. Proteins. 2007. 69. 1. 32–42. 17596827. 10.1002/prot.21512. 21088531.
  25. Kapoor M. Srinivas H, Kandiah E, Gemma E, Ellgaard L, Oscarson S, Helenius A. Surolia A. Interactions of substrate with calreticulin, an endoplasmic reticulum chaperone. Journal of Biological Chemistry. 2003. 278. 8. 6194–6200. 12464625. 10.1074/jbc.m209132200. free.
  26. Gopalakrishnapai J. Gupta G, Karthikeyan T, Sinha S, Kandiah E, Gemma E, Oscarson S. Surolia A. Isothermal titration calorimetric study defines the substrate binding residues of calreticulin. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications. 2006. 351. 1. 14–20. 17049488. 10.1016/j.bbrc.2006.09.164.
  27. Banerjee R. Mande SC, Ganesh V, Das K, Dhanaraj V, Mahanta SK, Suguna K, Surolia A. Vijayan M. Crystal structure of peanut lectin, a protein with an unusual quaternary structure. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 1994. 91. 1. 227–231. 8278370. 10.1073/pnas.91.1.227. 42920. 1994PNAS...91..227B. free.
  28. Sankaranarayanan R. Sekar K, Banerjee R, Sharma V, Surolia A. Vijayan M. A novel mode of carbohydrate recognition in jacalin, a Moraceae plant lectin with a beta-prism fold. Nature Structural Biology. 1998. 3. 7. 596–603. 8673603. 10.1038/nsb0796-596. 23593928.
  29. Hosur MV. Nair B, Satyamurthy P, Misquith S, Surolia A. Kannan KK. X-ray structure of gelonin at 1.8 A resolution. Journal of Molecular Biology. 1995. 250. 3. 368–380. 7608981. 10.1006/jmbi.1995.0383.
  30. Singha NC. Surolia N. Surolia A. On the relationship of thermodynamic parameters with the buried surface area in protein-ligand complex formation. Bioscience Reports. 1996. 16. 1. 1–10. 8861535. 10.1007/bf01200996. 2509797.
  31. Swaminathan CP. Nandi A, Visweswariah SS. Surolia A. Thermodynamic analyses reveal role of water release in epitope recognition by a monoclonal antibody against the human guanylyl cyclase C receptor. Journal of Biological Chemistry. 1999. 274. 44. 31272–31278. 10531324. 10.1074/jbc.274.44.31272. free.
  32. Srimal S. Surolia N, Balasubramanian S. Surolia A. Titration calorimetric studies to elucidate the specificity of the interactions of polymyxin B with lipopolysaccharides and lipid A. Biochemical Journal. 1996. 315. Pt2. 679–686. 8615847. 10.1042/bj3150679. 1217250.
  33. Thomas CJ. Surolia N. Surolia A. Surface plasmon resonance studies resolve the enigmatic endotoxin neutralizing activity of polymyxin B. Journal of Biological Chemistry. 1999. 274. 42. 29624–29627. 10514430. 10.1074/jbc.274.42.29624. free.
  34. Thomas CJ. Surolia A. Kinetics of the interaction of endotoxin with polymyxin B and its analogs: a surface plasmon resonance analysis. FEBS Letters. 1999. 445. 2–3. 420–424. 10094500. 10.1016/s0014-5793(99)00150-7. free.
  35. Bhor VM. Thomas CJ, Surolia N. Surolia A. Polymyxin B: an ode to an old antidote for endotoxic shock. Molecular BioSystems. 2005. 1. 3. 213–222. 16880985. 10.1039/b500756a.
  36. Pain D. Surolia A. Preparation of protein A-peroxidase monoconjugate using a heterobifunctional reagent, and its use in enzyme immunoassays. Journal of Immunological Methods. 1981. 40. 2. 219–230. 6265559. 10.1016/0022-1759(81)90068-5.
  37. Pain D. Surolia A. Protein A-enzyme monoconjugate as a versatile tool for enzyme immunoassays. FEBS Letters. 1979. 107. 1. 73–76. 387451. 10.1016/0014-5793(79)80466-4.
  38. Bhor VM. Dev S, Vasanthakumar GR, Kumar P, Sinha S. Surolia A. Broad substrate stereospecificity of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis 7-keto-8-aminopelargonic acid synthase: Spectroscopic and kinetic studies. Journal of Biological Chemistry. 2006. 281. 35. 25076–25088. 16769720. 10.1074/jbc.m604477200. free.
  39. Sharma SK. Parasuraman P, Kumar G, Surolia N. Surolia A. Green tea catechins potentiate triclosan binding to enoyl-ACP reductase from Plasmodium falciparum (PfENR). Journal of Medicinal Chemistry. 2007. 50. 4. 765–775. 17263522. 10.1021/jm061154d.
  40. Mishra S. Karmodiya K, Surolia N. Surolia A. Synthesis and exploration of novel curcumin analogues as anti-malarial agents. Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry. 2008. 16. 6. 2894–2902. 18194869. 10.1016/j.bmc.2007.12.054.
  41. Chakraborti S. Das L, Kapoor N, Das A, Dwivedi V, Poddar A, Chakraborti G, Janik M, Basu G, Panda D, Chakrabarti P, Surolia A. Bhattacharyya B. Curcumin recognizes a unique binding site of tubulin. Journal of Medicinal Chemistry. 2011. 54. 18. 6183–6196. 21830815. 10.1021/jm2004046.
  42. Rai A. Surolia A. Panda D. An antitubulin agent BCFMT inhibits proliferation of cancer cells and induces cell death by inhibiting microtubule dynamics. PLOS ONE. 2012. 7. 8. 22952952. 10.1371/journal.pone.0044311. 3432122. e44311. 2012PLoSO...744311R. free.
  43. Surolia N. Surolia A. Triclosan offers protection against blood stages of malaria by inhibiting enoyl-ACP reductase of Plasmodium falciparum. Nature Medicine. 2001. 7. 2. 167–173. 11175846. 10.1038/84612. 44570829.
  44. Mishra A. An allosteric inhibitor of Mycobacterium tuberculosis ArgJ: Implications to a novel combinatorial therapy. EMBO Molecular Medicine. 10. 4. e8038. 2018. 10.15252/emmm.201708038. 29483133. 5887547.
  45. Gupta S. Chattopadhyay T, Pal Singh M. Surolia A. Supramolecular insulin assembly II for a sustained treatment of type 1 diabetes mellitus. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 2010. 107. 30. 13246–13251. 20628017. 10.1073/pnas.1005704107. 2922159. 2010PNAS..10713246G. free.
  46. News: Good tidings for diabetes patients. 27 March 2014. The Hindu. 13 July 2010.
  47. News: Alternative solution to fight diabetes proposed. 27 March 2014. The Hindu. 31 January 2012.
  48. Web site: Biodata of Prof. A. Surolia. mbu.iisc.ernet.in. MBU. 27 March 2014. https://web.archive.org/web/20120727013657/http://mbu.iisc.ernet.in/~aslab/bio.html. 27 July 2012. dead. dmy-all.
  49. Web site: Avadhesha Surolia. www.twas.org. TWAS. 27 March 2014.
  50. Web site: Member List. www.a-imbn.org. IMBN. 27 March 2014.
  51. Web site: Zone wise list of fellows and honorary fellows. www.nasi.org.in. NASI. 27 March 2014.
  52. News: India joins elite life sciences group. 27 March 2014. Deccan Herald. 28 December 2006. https://web.archive.org/web/20160305023256/http://archive.deccanherald.com/deccanherald/dec282006/national22402520061227.asp. 5 March 2016. dead. dmy-all.
  53. Web site: India joins Human Frontier Science Program Organisation. www.docstoc.com. DOCSTOC. 27 March 2014.
  54. Web site: National Representatives. www.intl-glyco.org. 27 March 2014.
  55. Web site: The Members of the IUBMB Executive Committee. www.iubmb.org. IUBMB. 27 March 2014.
  56. Web site: Awards Recipients . https://archive.today/20140404115326/http://www.insaindia.org/recipients.php . dead . 4 April 2014 . insaindia.org . INSA . 27 March 2014 .
  57. Web site: JC Bose Fellows. www.serb.gov.in. SERB. 27 March 2014.
  58. Web site: ICMR Awards and Prizes. www.icmr.nic.in. ICMR. 27 March 2014. https://web.archive.org/web/20160304212316/http://icmr.nic.in/annual/icmrhq2004-05/Awards%20%26%20Prizes.pdf. 4 March 2016. dead. dmy-all.
  59. Web site: Recipients of TWAS Awards/Prizes. twas-old.ictp.it. TWAS. 27 March 2014.
  60. Web site: Shri Om Prakash Bhasin Awards. www.opbfawards.com. 27 March 2014.

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