Autoimmune/inflammatory syndrome induced by adjuvants explained

Autoimmune/inflammatory syndrome induced by adjuvants (ASIA), or Shoenfeld's syndrome, is a hypothesised autoimmune disorder proposed by Israeli immunologist Yehuda Shoenfeld in 2011.[1] According to Shoenfeld, the syndrome is triggered by exposure to adjuvants and includes four conditions: "post-vaccination symptoms", macrophagic myofasciitis, Gulf war syndrome, sick building syndrome, and siliconosis.[2] Shoenfeld alleges that the syndrome is caused by adjuvants such as silicone, tetramethylpentadecane, pristane, and aluminum.[3] However, causality is difficult to prove because ASIA only occurs in a small fraction of patients exposed to these adjuvants.[4] Additionally, proponents of this theory allege that the disorder can manifest anywhere from 2 days to 23 years after exposure.[5] Shoenfeld has also named Sjögren's syndrome as potentially being another facet of ASIA.[6]

However, apart from the theoretical concept of ASIA, there is a lack of reproducible evidence for any causal relationship between adjuvant and autoimmune condition.[7] A study of 18,000 people showed that there is no merit to the theory of autoimmune/inflammatory syndrome induced by adjuvants.[8]

External links

Notes and References

  1. Shoenfeld. Yehuda. Agmon-Levin. Nancy. February 2011. 'ASIA' - autoimmune/inflammatory syndrome induced by adjuvants. Journal of Autoimmunity. 36. 1. 4–8. 10.1016/j.jaut.2010.07.003. 1095-9157. 20708902.
  2. Vera-Lastra. O. Medina. G. Cruz-Dominguez Mdel. P. Jara. LJ. Shoenfeld. Y. Autoimmune/inflammatory syndrome induced by adjuvants (Shoenfeld's syndrome): clinical and immunological spectrum.. Expert Review of Clinical Immunology. April 2013. 9. 4. 361–73. 23557271. 10.1586/eci.13.2. 20667262.
  3. Perricone. Carlo. Colafrancesco. Serena. Mazor. Roei D.. Soriano. Alessandra. Agmon-Levin. Nancy. Shoenfeld. Yehuda. Autoimmune/inflammatory syndrome induced by adjuvants (ASIA) 2013: Unveiling the pathogenic, clinical and diagnostic aspects. Journal of Autoimmunity. December 2013. 47. 1–16. 10.1016/j.jaut.2013.10.004. 24238833.
  4. Book: Rheumatology Secrets . . West, Sterling . 2014 . 597. 9780323172875 .
  5. Elwood . J. Mark . Linneberg . Allan . Gold . Michael . Gillis . David . Ameratunga . Rohan . Evidence Refuting the Existence of Autoimmune/Autoinflammatory Syndrome Induced by Adjuvants (ASIA) . The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology: In Practice . 1 November 2017 . 5 . 6 . 1551–1555.e1 . 10.1016/j.jaip.2017.06.033 . 28888842 . 5 May 2019 . en . 2213-2198.
  6. Colafrancesco. S.. Perricone. C.. Priori. R.. Valesini. G.. Shoenfeld. Y.. Sjögren's syndrome: Another facet of the autoimmune/inflammatory syndrome induced by adjuvants (ASIA). Journal of Autoimmunity. June 2014. 51. 10–16. 10.1016/j.jaut.2014.03.003. 24774584.
  7. Hawkes D.. et al. Revisiting adverse reactions to vaccines: A critical appraisal of Autoimmune Syndrome Induced by Adjuvants (ASIA). J. Autoimmun.. May 2015. 59. 77–84. 10.1016/j.jaut.2015.02.005. 25794485.
  8. Web site: Philadelphia . The Children's Hospital of . Vaccines and Autoimmune/Inflammatory Syndrome Induced by Adjuvants (ASIA) . www.chop.edu . 5 May 2019 . en . 17 September 2018.

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