Austrosimulium (subgenus) explained

Austrosimulium is a subgenus of Austrosimulium, a genus of Simuliidae (black flies). The flies in this subgenre are found mainly in New Zealand, with a few in Australia.^[1] They are the only Simuliidae found in New Zealand.

In New Zealand, where they are known as sandflies, the females of three species – A. australense, A. tillyardianum and A. ungulatum – bite humans;^{[2] [3]} the males do not. A. australense is found in the North Island, South Island, Stewart Island and some offshore islands; it is the sandfly that is encountered most commonly in the North Island and the main one that bites humans there.^[4] A. tillyardianum is found in the North Island and the South Island.^[5] A. ungulatum is found in the South Island and Stewart Island, and is well-known for biting humans.^[6]

Species

• • A. albovelatum Dumbleton, 1973
  • A. alveolatum Dumbleton, 1973^[7]
  • A. australense (Schiner, 1868)
  • A. bicorne Dumbleton, 1973
  • A. campbellense Dumbleton, 1973
  • A. cornutum Tonnoir, 1925
  • A. crassipes Tonnoir, 1925
  • A. dugdalei Craig, Craig & Crosby, 2012^[7]
  • A. dumbletoni Crosby, 1976
  • A. extendorum Craig, Craig & Crosby, 2012^[7]
  • A. fiordense Dumbleton, 1973^[7]
  • A. fulvicorne Mackerras & Mackerras, 1950
  • A. laticorne Tonnoir, 1925
  • A. longicorne Tonnoir, 1925
  • A. mirabile Mackerras & Mackerras, 1948
  • A. montanum Mackerras & Mackerras, 1952
  • A. multicorne Tonnoir, 1925
  • A. stewartense Dumbleton, 1973
  • A. tillyardianum Dumbleton, 1973
  • A. tonnoiri Craig, Craig & Crosby, 2012^[7]
  • A. ungulatum Tonnoir, 1925
  • A. unicorne Dumbleton, 1973
  • A. vailavoense Craig, Craig & Crosby, 2012^[7]
  • A. vexans (Mik, 1881)

Notes and References

1. Web site: Peter H. Adler & Roger W. Crosskey. 2009. World Blackflies (Diptera: Simuliidae): A Comprehensive Revision of the Taxonomic and Geographical Inventory. 109.
2. Book: Early, John . 2009 . Know your New Zealand ... native insects & spiders . New Holland . 120 . 9781869662530 .
3. Encyclopedia: Sandflies and mosquitoes - Sandflies: New Zealand's blackflies . Carl . Walrond . Te Ara – the Encyclopedia of New Zealand . 24 September 2007 . 3 September 2017.
4. Book: Craig . D.A. . Craig . R.E.G. . Crosby . T.K. . 2012 . Simuliidae (Insecta: Diptera) . Manaaki Whenua Press . 106–107 . Fauna of New Zealand . 68 .
5. Book: Craig . D.A. . Craig . R.E.G. . Crosby . T.K. . 2012 . Simuliidae (Insecta: Diptera) . Manaaki Whenua Press . 141–142 . Fauna of New Zealand . 68 .
6. Book: Craig . D.A. . Craig . R.E.G. . Crosby . T.K. . 2012 . Simuliidae (Insecta: Diptera) . Manaaki Whenua Press . 149–153 . Fauna of New Zealand . 68 .
7. Craig, D.A.; Craig, R.E.G.; Crosby, T.K. (2012). Simuliidae (Insecta: Diptera). Fauna of New Zealand, (68)