Austrocylindropuntia subulata explained

Austrocylindropuntia subulata is a species of cactus native to the Peruvian Andes. The Latin specific epithet subulata means "awl-like", referring to the shape of the rudimentary leaves.[1] It is also known by its common names as Eve's pin and Eve's needle.

Description

Austrocylindropuntia subulata can reach heights up to 4m (13feet), with numerous branches. The elongated, slightly brittle branches are up to 50cm (20inches) long. The stems are marked by rhomboid to ovate bumps in a few spiral rows. At the tip of each bump is the areole, from which grow one to four straight, grayish-white spines up to 8cm (03inches) long. The awl-like rudimentary leaves are up to 12cm (05inches) long.

The orangy-pink flowers are up to 6cm (02inches) long. The long, warty hypanthium is covered by rudimentary leaves up to 2cm (01inches) long. The fruit are ovoid or club-like and sometimes thorny. They are up to 10cm (00inches) long.

Distribution

A. subulata probably comes from the Peruvian Andes, where it is common at altitudes above 3000m (10,000feet). Today it has been naturalised in Argentina and Bolivia. It has been introduced in the Mediterranean basin to form impassable hedges, but it has become invasive in coastal provinces and some in the Iberian interior. It is also invasive in Australia, and is a declared Weed of National Significance.[2]

Classification

The first description as Pereskia subulata took place in 1845 by Friedrich Mühlenpfordt.[3] Curt Backeberg classified it in the genus Austrocylindropuntia in 1942.[4]

Notes and References

  1. Urs Eggli, Leonard E. Newton: Etymological Dictionary of Succulent Plant Names. Springer, Berlin/Heidelberg 2010,, S. 233.
  2. https://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/115976 Austrocylindropuntia subulata (Eve’s needle cactus)
  3. F. Mühlenpfordt: Einige neue Cacteen. In: Allgemeine Gartenzeitung. Band 13, Nummer 44, 1845, S. 347 (online).
  4. Cactaceae. Jahrbücher der Deutschen Kakteen-Gesellschaft 1941. 1942, S. 12.