Austrocidaria lithurga explained

Austrocidaria lithurga is a species of moth in the family Geometridae. It is endemic to New Zealand. This moth is classified as at risk, naturally uncommon by the Department of Conservation.

Taxonomy

This species was first described by Edward Meyrick in 1911 and named Hydriomena lithurga.[1] [2] Meyrick used a specimen obtained from R. M. Sunley who had collected a pupa from a Muehlenbeckia plant at Mākara Beach, Wellington, in November and had raised the adult in captivity. George Hudson described and illustrated the species in his 1928 book The Butterflies and Moths of New Zealand.[3] In 1971 John S. Dugdale assigned H. lithurga to the genus Austrocidaria.[4] Dugdale postulated that A. lithurga might prove synonymous with Austrocidaria prionota.

The holotype specimen is held at the Natural History Museum, London.

Description

Meyrick originally described this species as follows:

Distribution

This species is endemic to New Zealand.[5] This species range is Wellington and Mid Canterbury. As well as the type locality, this species is recorded as having been collected at Sinclair Head and at Baring Head, both in Wellington.[6] It has also been located in south Marlborough.[7] It is possible that the species is also present at Little Bush, Puketitiri, in the Hawkes Bay.[8]

Biology and life cycle

The pupa of this species is attached to a loose cocoon. The adult moth is on the wing in October and November.[9]

Host species and habitat

Hudson hypothesised that the host plants of the larvae of this moth are Muehlenbeckia species and it has also been suggested that the host plants are divaricating small-leaved Coprosma species.[10] However the precise host species for this moth is unknown as is its preferred habitat but it has been hypothesised that A. tithurga prefers open shrub-land.

Conservation status

This moth is classified under the New Zealand Threat Classification System as being at risk, naturally uncommon.[11]

External links

Notes and References

  1. Dugdale. J. S.. Lepidoptera - annotated catalogue, and keys to family-group taxa. Fauna of New Zealand. 1988. 14. 175. 18 May 2018. 27 January 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190127012448/https://www.landcareresearch.co.nz/__data/assets/pdf_file/0017/26324/FNZ14Dugdale1988.pdf. dead.
  2. Meyrick. Edward. 1911. Notes and descriptions of New Zealand Lepidoptera. Parts I and II. Transactions and Proceedings of the New Zealand Institute . 43. 57–78. Biodiversity Heritage Library.
  3. Book: Hudson, G. V.. George Hudson (entomologist)

    . The Butterflies and Moths of New Zealand. Ferguson & Osborn Ltd.. 1928 . Wellington. 114. 25449322. George Hudson (entomologist).

  4. Dugdale. J. S.. 10 November 1971. Entomology of the Aucklands and other Islands south of New Zealand: Lepidoptera, excluding non-Crambine Pyralidae. Pacific Insects Monograph. 27. 55–172. Bishop Museum.
  5. Book: New Zealand Inventory of Biodiversity. Volume two. Kingdom Animalia: Chaetognatha, Ecdysozoa, Ichnofossils. Canterbury University Press. 2010. 9781877257933. Gordon. Dennis P.. 2. Christchurch, N.Z.. 459. 973607714.
  6. Web site: Baring Head ecological values. Crisp. Philippa. 2011. Greater Wellington Regional Council . 19 May 2018.
  7. 2016 . Crown Pastoral Land Tenure Review. Glenlee Run. Conservation Resources Report. . Land Information New Zealand . 1–74 . 19 May 2018.
  8. Web site: Appendix XV. Peer-Review Letter and Response to Peer-Review Letter. Ecological Review of the Terrestrial Ecological AEE Prepared for the Hawke's Bay Regional Council Ruataniwha Water Storage Project. Keesing. Vaughan. 6 May 2012. Hawke's Bay Regional Council . 19 May 2018.
  9. Web site: The conservation status of invertebrates in Canterbury. Pawson. S. M.. 2000. Researchgate . 7 May 2018.
  10. Book: Patrick, Brian. Conservation Status of the New Zealand Lepidoptera. Dugdale. John S.. 2000. Department of Conservation, New Zealand . 0478218672. Wellington, N.Z.. 20. 154670803.
  11. Book: Hoare, R.J.B.. Conservation Status of New Zealand Butterflies and Moths (Lepidoptera), 2015. Dugdale. J.S.. Edwards. E.D.. Gibbs. G.W.. Patrick. B.H.. Hitchmough. R.A.. Rolfe. J.R.. New Zealand Department of Conservation. 2017. 9781988514383. Wellington, New Zealand. 8.

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