Australia at the 1988 Summer Paralympics explained

Npc:AUS
Npcname:Australian Paralympic Committee
Games:Summer Paralympics
Year:1988
Location:Seoul
Competitors:179
Sports:16
Flagbearer:Paul Croft (Opening) Rodney Nugent (Closing)
Rank:10
Gold:23
Silver:34
Bronze:38
Officials:47
Appearances:auto

Australia competed at the 1988 Summer Paralympics in Seoul, South Korea in 16 sports, winning medals in 6 sports. Gold medals were won in three sports – athletics, lawn bowls and swimming. Australia won 95 medals – 23 gold, 34 silver and 38 bronze medals. Australia finished 10th on the gold medal table and 7th on the combined medal table. Australian Confederation of Sports for the Disabled reported another medal ranking after Games with Australia being 2nd ranked in amputee sports, 8th in wheelchair sports, 11th in blind sports and 12th in cerebral palsy sports.[1]

Notable Australian performances included:

Australian athletes broke eight world records.[1]

Background

The 1988 Summer Paralympics were the first Paralympic Games to be held under the aegis of the International Co-ordinating Committee (ICC).[2] The ICC was accepted into the Olympic Family, which allowed greater co-operation by National Olympic Committees in regards to the organization of Paralympic Games. The Seoul Olympic Organizing Committee (SLOOC) regarded the Paralympic Games as an extension of the Olympic Games and formulated a support plan which allowed sharing of Seoul Olympic manpower, facilities, equipment, and sharing of key personnel. The SLOOC gave a subsidy of $12,857,143 US dollars. It was not possible to use the Olympic Village so a new Paralympic Village, consisting of 10 apartment blocks, was created, providing catering, recreation, banking, post office facilities, medical centres, religious centres, and a shopping mall. The 1988 Seoul Paralympic Games was also the first time both the Olympics and Paralympics used the same venues, and since then, every Winter and Summer Paralympic Games have been held in the same city as the Olympic Games.[3]

The Seoul Paralympic Organizing Committee (SPOC) designed the first Paralympic Symbol which was used from 1988–1994. The Five 'teardrops' in the 'W' configuration and colours of the Olympic rings represented the five oceans and the five continents. This symbol was eventually changed in 1994, as it was considered to be too close to the International Olympic Committee's (IOC) 5-ring emblem.[4] The 1988 Seoul Paralympic Games is considered as the genesis of the Modern Paralympic Games.

Opening Ceremony

During the Opening Ceremony there were more than 75,000 people within the Olympic Stadium with a then record of 3,057 competitors from 61 nations.[5] The President of South Korea, Roh Tae-Woo, presented the new Paralympic flag to the President of the ICC, Jens Bromann.[6] Paul Croft, competing in his second Paralympic Games, was the flag bearer for Australia during the Opening Ceremony. Parachutists in the Paralympic colors of blue, black, red, yellow, and green swept down into the Olympic Stadium following a procession of children in wheelchairs.[7] The Olympic Torch was carried in by a one-legged South Korean Paralympic volleyball player and handed to 19 year old Cho Hyun-hui, a wheelchair bound athlete with cerebral palsy. Cho Hyun-hai was wheeled around the stadium by her 7-year-old daughter before handing the Torch to blind runner Lee Jae-oon, who linked hands with women's handball Olympic gold medalist Kiifi Hyun-mi, who together, were carried up by elevator platform to light the Olympic Flame.

Chief Paralympic Organiser Koh Kwi-nam addressed the athletes by saying "The goal you as athletes should try to reach for in the Games is not to accomplish the Olympic slogan of 'faster, higher and farther' but to show the world your real selves as courageous challengers, glorious conquerors and impartial participants."

Controversies

The Seoul Paralympic Games were not without controversies. The Iranian goalball team were disqualified for refusing to play against the Israeli team. It was deemed that the Iranian team had misused the sporting platform for political aims by the ICC who made immediate arrangements to send the team home. Asghar Dadkhan, the Iranian team manager, made a formal statement of apology pledging that all other Iranian athletes would compete with full regard to the regulations and would compete against Israel and any other nation.

A Libyan team arrived at the Seoul Paralympic Games without having gone through the normal entry procedures. The SPOC urged the ICC to accept the Libyan team and a compromise was reach, permitting the Libyans to participate as observers. They could compete in the marathon event, however they would not have any medal entitlement, nor would they be officially recognized at the Closing Ceremony.

Twenty-seven athletes were incorrectly awarded medals after the first round of competition in the men's and women's wheelchair slalom event. The mistake was discovered when officials realised that the medals should not have been awarded until after a second round of competition.[8]

Team

Australia sent a team of 179 athletes and 47 staff and escorts.[1] The Australian Confederation of Sports for the Disabled Inc took responsibility for team management and fundraising. The team was organised by disability athlete categories – amputee, blind, cerebral palsy, wheelchair (paraplegic and quadriplegic).[1]

Team management

The Australian team was organised by disability classifications as the Games team was organised by the Australian Confederation of Sports for the Disabled Inc.

Overall – Rhys Roberts (General Manager), Nigel Rouse (Assistant General Manager), Dr John Bourke (Medical Director), Dominic Wall (Sport Coordinator), David Douglas (Publicity Director)
Section Managers- Wally Parsons (Amputee), Gary Prior (Blind), Judy Hill (Cerebral palsy), George Dunstan (Wheelchair)
State Management – each Australian state provided team officials:
Australian Capital Territory – overall – Dominic Wall ; wheelchair officials – M. Trewella, G. Walker
New South Wales – Amputee officials – D. Beath, T. Beath, Vic Renalson; blind officials – L. Alder, T. Keneghan, J. Stephenson, S. Jackson ; cerebral palsy officials – A. Gregson, Tom Organ, S. Streat ; wheelchair officials – Michael Godfrey-Roberts, M. Bevan, C. Jarvis
Queensland – amputee officials – Paul Bird, Henry Shorter ; blind officials – D. Beavis, J. Buckley ; cerebral palsy officials – A. Allan, A. Brindley, Karen Denman ; wheelchair officials – S. Hyde
South Australia – overall – R. Roberts ; amputee officials – P. Aldridge, M. Parsons, W. Parsons ; wheelchair officials – Kevin Bawden, George Dunstan, G. Gould, G. Maloney, M. Wardrop
Northern Territory – overall – N. Rouse ; blind official – B. Killalea
Tasmania – wheelchair official – G. Vince
Victoria – overall – John Bourke ; amputee official – P. Negropontis ; blind officials – J. Coole, E. O'Meagher ; wheelchair officials – Kathryn Lee, D. Perriman, J. Sayers
Western Australia – blind official – G. Prior ; cerebral palsy officials – G. Carter, D. Hancy, J. Hill, P. Jose, B. Lake, M. Chan ; wheelchair official – Norma Beer[1]

The team captain was Paul Croft who carried the flag at the Opening Ceremony and Mike Nugent was the vice captain.[1]

Fundraising

The Australian Confederation of Sports for the Disabled Inc undertook a range of fundraising activities to raise A$2 million of which A$1.w million would be used to send teams to the 1988 Seoul Summer and Innsbruck Winter Games.[1] The remainder of the funds would be used for future Games. The cash amount finally raised was A$1,104,328.[1] There were also considerable "in kind" donations covering accommodation, marketing, travel.[1]

Medalists

| width="78%" align="left" valign="top" |

MedalNameSportEvent
AthleticsMen's 100 m B3
AthleticsMen's 200 m C7
AthleticsMen's 800 m C8
, Rodney Nugent, Nigel Parsons, Jason SmartAthleticsMen's 4 × 100 m relay A2/A4–7
, Rodney Nugent, Andrew O'Sullivan, Nigel ParsonsAthleticsMen's 4 × 400 m relay A2/A4–7
AthleticsMen's Long jump A6/A8–9/L6
AthleticsMen's Triple jump A6/A8–9/L6
AthleticsMen's Discus throw A2/A9
AthleticsMen's Discus throw B3
AthleticsMen's Javelin throw B3
AthleticsMen's Javelin throw 2
AthleticsMen's Shot put 2
AthleticsWomen's 200 m 5–6
AthleticsWomen's Shot put B1
, Stan KosmalaLawn bowlsMen's pairs 2–6
ShootingWomen's Air rifle 3 positions 2–6
ShootingWomen's Air rifle kneeling 2–6
ShootingWomen's Air rifle prone 2–6
SwimmingMen's 100 m freestyle A8
SwimmingMen's 100 m breaststroke A8
SwimmingWomen's 100 m freestyle C6
SwimmingWomen's 400 m freestyle A8
SwimmingWomen's 100 m backstroke A8
AthleticsMen's 100 m 1B
AthleticsMen's 100 m A2/A9
AthleticsMen's 100 m A4/A9
AthleticsMen's 200 m A4/A9
AthleticsMen's 400 m A4/A9
AthleticsMen's 400 m C7
AthleticsMen's 400 m C8
AthleticsMen's Marathon 1C
, Michael Desanto, Alan Dufty, Vincenzo VallelongaAthleticsMen's 4 × 100 m relay 1A–1C
AthleticsMen's High jump A4/A9
AthleticsMen's Discus throw 4
AthleticsMen's Pentathlon A4/A9
AthleticsWomen's 400 m 2
AthleticsWomen's 400 m 5–6
, Deahnne McIntyre, Yvette McLellan, Julie RussellAthleticsWomen's 4 × 400 m relay 2–6
AthleticsWomen's Javelin throw A6/A8-9/L6
AthleticsWomen's Javelin throw C3
AthleticsWomen's Shot put 3
AthleticsWomen's Pentathlon 3
, Clifford SwannLawn bowlsMen's pairs LB2
PowerliftingMen's 100 kg
ShootingWomen's Air rifle standing 2–6
SwimmingMen's 50 m freestyle 1A
SwimmingMen's 100 m freestyle 1A
SwimmingMen's 25 m backstroke 1A
, Jason Diederich, Brendan Burkett, Leslie BeathSwimmingMen's 4×50 m freestyle relay A1–A8
SwimmingWomen's 50 m backstroke C6
SwimmingWomen's 100 m backstroke C3
SwimmingWomen's 50 m breaststroke 2
SwimmingWomen's 50 m breaststroke B3
SwimmingWomen's 100 m breaststroke A8
SwimmingWomen's 100 m butterfly L6
SwimmingWomen's 200 m individual medley L6
, Deborah Holland, Susan Knox, Judith YoungSwimmingWomen's 4 × 100 m freestyle relay A–L
AthleticsMen's 100 m A6/A8–9/L4
AthleticsMen's 200 m A6/A8–9/L4
AthleticsMen's High jump A6/A8–9/L6
AthleticsMen's 200 m 2
AthleticsMen's 200 m C8
AthleticsMen's 400 m A4/A9
AthleticsMen's 400 m B3
AthleticsMen's 1500 m 1C
, Michael Desanto, Alan Dufty, Vincenzo VallelongaAthleticsMen's 4 × 200 m relay 1A–1C
AthleticsMen's High jump A6/A8–9/L6
AthleticsMen's Long jump A2/A9
AthleticsMen's Javelin throw A2/A9
AthleticsMen's Shot put B3
AthleticsMen's Slalom 1B
AthleticsMen's Slalom C4–5
AthleticsMen's Discus throw 2
AthleticsMen's Discus throw 6
AthleticsMen's Discus throw A2/A9
AthleticsWomen's 100 m 5–6
AthleticsWomen's Discus throw 3
AthleticsWomen's Javelin throw 3
Lawn bowlsMen's singles 2–6
Lawn bowlsMen's singles LB3
PowerliftingMen's 100 kg
SwimmingMen's 100 m freestyle A2
SwimmingMen's 100 m butterfly A2
SwimmingMen's 100 m freestyle A7
SwimmingMen's 400 m freestyle 5
SwimmingMen's 50 m breaststroke B3
SwimmingMen's 100 m breaststroke B3
SwimmingMen's 200 m breaststroke B3
SwimmingWomen's 50 m freestyle 2
SwimmingWomen's 50 m backstroke 2
SwimmingWomen's 25 m butterfly 2
SwimmingWomen's 100 m backstroke A4
SwimmingWomen's 100 m breaststroke B3
SwimmingWomen's 200 m breaststroke B3
SwimmingWomen's 400 m freestyle A2
WeightliftingMen's 85 kg
| width="22%" align="left" valign="top" |
Medals by discipline
DisciplineTotal
Archery0000
Athletics14192053
Boccia0000
Cycling0000
Wheelchair fencing0000
Football seven-a-side0000
Lawn bowls1124
Powerlifting0112
Shooting3104
Swimming5121431
Table tennis0000
Volleyball0000
Weightlifting0011
Wheelchair basketball0000
Total23343895

Events

Archery

See also: Archery at the 1988 Summer Paralympics. Selected team of 3 athletes.

Australia did not win any medals.[9]

Men

AthleteEventResultRank
Arthur FiskMen's Double FITA Round open220724
Eric KleinMen's Double FITA Round open215028
Women[10]

Athletics

See also: Athletics at the 1988 Summer Paralympics. Selected team of 73 athletes.

Athletics was Australia's most successful sport at the Games winning 53 medals – 14 gold, 19 silver and 20 bronze medals. 13 athletes won gold medals. Rodney Nugent won 4 gold medals, 3 bronze medals and set a world record of 6.72m in his long jump event.[11] Four athletes came home with two gold medals – Adrian Lowe, Nigel Parsons, Russell Short and Bruce Wallrodt.

Deahnne McIntyre won a gold medal, two silver medals and a bronze medal, competing a week after undergoing an emergency appendectomy in a Seoul hospital.[12] With doctors and officials telling her that she could not compete, McIntyre 'knew that she would be out there'.[13] McIntyre came into the games as the world record holder for the Women's 200m 5-6 classification, which she eventually won the gold medal for.[14]

Russell Short, a blind athlete, won two gold medals and a bronze medal. Short set a world record in his classification for javelin, making a throw of 54.72m.[15]

Dubbed 'The Awesome Foursome', Australia's 4 × 400 m relay team set a world record time of 3 minutes 55 seconds, beating the previous record by 3.9 seconds and winning the race by 50 metres.[16]

Patricia Molseed set a Paralympic Record of 8.82m in the Women's Shot Put B1 competition on her first throw despite suffering from a torn back muscle. Only able to make token efforts after her back gave out, her first throw was enough to clinch the gold medal.

Track events – men

AthleteEventHeatFinal
TimeRankTimeRank
Ian AitchisonMen's 1,500 m 34:32.477Did not advance
Men's 10,000 m 3N/A31:58.815
Men's 5,000 m 3N/A16:23.1310
Men's Marathon 3N/A2:27:5313
Robert BancucciMen's 1,500 m C8N/A4:55.765
Men's 200 m C826.10 Q225.60
Men's 800 m C82:15.32 Q12:13.76
Men's 400 m C8N/A57.38
Fabian BlattmanMen's 200 m 1A56.915Did not advance
Peter CliffMen's 5,000 m B1N/A18:57.158
Men's Marathon B1N/A3:06:286
Darren CollinsMen's 100 m B212.853Did not advance
Men's 400 m B258.092Did not advance
Richard CordukesMen's 100 m 1AN/A26.347
Men's 200 m 1A55.12 Q453.908
Paul CroftMen's 10,000 m A6A8A9L4N/A40:18.966
Michael DesantoMen's 1,500 m 1BN/A5:54.475
Men's 200 m 1B45.39 Q343.716
Men's 400 m 1B1:31.636Did not advance
Phillip DeverauxMen's 1,500 m B14:37.83 Q24:18.454
Alan DuftyMen's 100 m 1CN/A21.667
Men's 200 m 1C41.97 Q441.055
Men's 400 m 1C1:24.73 Q31:22.325
Men's 800 m 1CN/A2:52.036
Men's 1,500 m 1CN/A5:45.03
Men's Marathon 1CN/A2:21:39
Joe EganMen's 100 m A4A913.39 Q113.155
Men's 200 m A4A928.46 Q328.257
John FedericoMen's 200 m 5-633.823Did not advance
Men's Slalom 5-6N/A2:28.39
Ian GaineyMen's 1,500 m 34:32.47 Q74:12.7810
Men's 10,000 m 3N/A31:58.815
Men's 5,000 m 3N/A15:13.488
David GoodmanMen's 400 m B351.87 Q153.918
Men's 100 m B311.41111.63
Wayne HaherMen's 100 m C253.065Did not advance
Kevin HamiltonMen's 400 m B156.973Did not advance
Bradley HillMen's 800 m C72:35.755Did not advance
Men's 200 m C726.45 Q226.00
Men's 400 m C7N/A58.41
Matthew JesseMen's 1,500 m B34:45.95 Q34:36.597
John LindsayMen's 100 m 3N/A17.408
Men's 200 m 333.403Did not advance
Men's 400 m 31:05.41 Q31:05.236
Men's 800 m 32:18.806Did not advance
Adrian LoweMen's 100 m A4A912.72212.37
Men's 200 m A4A926.09 Q (WR)125.86
Men's 400 m A4A9N/A1:00.80
Brett McArthurMen's 400 m 41:12.733Did not advance
Men's 800 m 42:19.945Did not advance
Kerrod McGregorMen's 100 m A2A9N/A15.98
Michael McIntyreMen's 100 m 418.017Did not advance
Men's 200 m 434.492Did not advance
Men's 400 m 41:11.804Did not advance
Warren McKennaireyMen's 400 m B257.084Did not advance
Jeff McNeillMen's 5,000 m B2N/A16:59.796
Men's Marathon B2N/A2:49:214
Kieran ModraMen's 1,500 m B34:35.396Did not advance
Michael NugentMen's 1,500 m 24:19.81 Q44:22.6110
Men's 400 m 21:06.65 Q41:07.448
Men's 800 m 22:14.38 Q22:12.668
Men's Marathon 2N/A2:23:1319
Men's 200 m 234.95 Q134.65
Rodney NugentMen's 100 m A6A8A9L411.70 Q111.60
Men's 200 m A6A8A9L424.05 Q123.61
Andrew O'SullivanMen's 100 m A4A913.45 Q413.477
Men's 200 m A4A928.24 Q227.806
Men's 400 m A4A9N/A1:02.24
Nigel ParsonsMen's 100 m A6A8A9L412.385Did not advance
Men's 200 m A6A8A9L425.00 Q224.927
Men's 400 m A6A8A9L455.56 Q556.537
Malcolm RichardsMen's 200 m C832.737Did not advance
Sam RickardMen's 400 m B354.675Did not advance
Men's 800 m B3N/A2:07.315
Jaime RomagueraMen's 100 m C615.655Did not advance
Craig SayersMen's 1,500 m 34:17.906Did not advance
Men's 400 m 31:11.353Did not advance
Men's 800 m 32:22.997Did not advance
Jason SmartMen's 100 m A6A8A9L412.565Did not advance
Darren ThruppMen's 100 m C8N/A12.754
Men's 200 m C826.72 Q326.355
Men's 400 m C8N/A1:01.928
Peter TrotterMen's 1,500 m 44:19.607Did not advance
Men's 5,000 m 415:18.864Did not advance
Men's Marathon 4N/A1:54:375
Robert TurnerMen's 1,500 m 24:52.218Did not advance
Men's 800 m 22:39.885Did not advance
Vincenzo VallelongaMen's 200 m 1B42.73 Q341.975
Men's 400 m 1B1:33.695Did not advance
Men's Salom 1BN/A2:33.9
Men's 100 m 1BN/A20.84
Jason WalshMen's 100 m B311.89 Q412.137
Men's 400 m B352.90 Q251.37
Ross WhyteMen's 800 m C82:31.887Did not advance
Men's Cross Country 5,000 m C8N/A21:36.98
Jeff WisemanMen's 1,500 m 44:22.754Did not advance
Men's 400 m 41:08.574Did not advance
Men's 800 m 42:10.044Did not advance
Men's Marathon 4N/A1:58:287
Matthew van EldikMen's Slalom C4-5N/AN/A
Michael Desanto
Richard Cordukes
Alan Dufty
Vincenzo Vallelonga		Men's 4 × 100 m Relay 1A-1CN/A1:28.14
Michael DesantoAlan Dufty

Richard Cordukes

Vincenzo Vallelonga

Men's 4 × 200 m Relay 1A-1CN/A2:41.43
Adrian LoweRodney Nugent
Nigel Parsons
Jason Smart		Men's 4 × 100 m Relay A2A4-7N/A47.08
Nigel ParsonsAndrew O'Sullivan
Adrian Lowe
Rodney Nugent		Men's 4 × 400 m Relay A2A4-7N/A3:55.27
Track events – women
AthleteEventHeatFinal
TimeRankTimeRank
Lynette ColemanWomen's Slalom C1N/A3:36.444
Meredith JonesWomen's 1,500 m 3N/A5:47.076
Women's 100 m 3N/A21.838
Women's 200 m 344.124Did not advance
Women's 400 m 31:28.13 Q41:27.996
Deahnne McIntyreWomen's 100 m 5-619.97 Q219.93
Women's 200 m 5-6N/A40.36
Women's 400 m 5-6N/A1:18.44
Yvette McLellanWomen's 1,500 m 2N/A5:07.254
Women's 5,000 m 2N/A17:18.225
Women's 800 m 2N/A2:38.065
Women's 400 m 21:19.84 Q31:18.69
Katrina VinesWomen's 100 m C6N/A20.467
Yvette McLellan
Julie Russell
Meredith Jones
Deahnne McIntyre		Women's 4 × 400 m Relay 2-6N/A5:33.82

Field events – men

AthleteEventResultRank
Rene AhrensMen's Shot Put 612.87 m4
Men's Discus 640.44 m
Mark DaviesMen's Javelin B240.40 m4
Men's Triple Jump B211.52 m8
Phillip DeverauxMen's Javelin B137.24 m6
Men's Pentathlon B120444
John DomanolMen's Pentathlon B320857
John EdenMen's Discus A2A934.86 m
Joe EganMen's Pentathlon A4A92828.125
Craig ElliottMen's Javelin A2A934.58 m6
Shane EllsmoreMen's Discus C726.64 m6
Terry GiddyMen's Discus 434.82 m
David GoodmanMen's Pentathlon B3139110
Michael HackettMen's High Jump A4A91.68 m
Gary HayesMen's Javelin A2A929.94 m8
Geoffrey HillMen's Discus C524.24 m8
Warren LawtonMen's High Jump B31.63 m8
Men's Triple Jump B310.80 m8
Wayne MaherMen's Kick Ball C215.034
Kerrod McGregorMen's High Jump A2A91.64 m9
Men's Javelin A2A941.50 m
Men's Long Jump A2A94.25 m
Men's Discus A2A937.28 m PR
Marko MilneMen's Shot Put C87.74 m6
Kieran ModraMen's Javelin B344.40 m6
Rodney NugentMen's High Jump A6A8A9L61.79 m
Men's Long Jump A6A8A9L66.72 m WR
Men's Triple Jump A6A8A9L612.97 m
Sam RickardMen's High Jump B31.60 m9
Edward RoosMen's Discus A6A8A9L637.86 m5
Men's Shot Put A6A8A9L610.63 m8
Ralph ScottMen's Club Throw C637.14 m4
Russell ShortMen's Shot Put B311.59 m
Men's Discus B340.18 m
Men's Javelin B354.72 m WR
Jason SmartMen's High Jump A6A8A9L61.76 m4
Men's Javelin A6A8A9L636.34 m7
Bradley ThomasMen's Javelin A4A938.08 m6
Men's Long Jump A4A94.95 m5
Men's Pentathlon A4A93286.56
Ched TownsMen's Javelin B240.16 m5
Bruce WallrodtMen's Discus 222.30 m
Men's Javelin 224.32 m PR
Men's Shot Put 27.83 m
Jason WalshMen's Long Jump B35.76 m7
Jason WillisMen's Discus A3A928.30 m4
Men's Javelin A3A933.14 m4
Men's Shot Put A3A96.77 m6
Matthew van EldikMen's Discus C416.16 m7

Field events – women

AthleteEventResultRank
Lynette ColemanWomen's Precision Throw C180 m6
Karen GillWomen's Shot Put C32.75 m4
Women's Javelin C35.84 m
Patricia MolseedWomen's Shot Put B18.82 m PR
Julie RussellWomen's Discus 314.80 m
Women's Javelin 312.76 m
Women's Pentathlon 34034.75
Women's Shot Put 35.18 m
Donna SmithWomen's Discus A6A8A9L620.06 m4
Women's Javelin A6A8A9L627.80 m
Results key

Boccia

See also: Boccia at the 1988 Summer Paralympics. Selected team of 4 athletes.

Australia did not win any medals.
EventAthletePool playQuarter-finalsSemi-finalsFinalRank
W-LRankOppositionResultOppositionResultOppositionResult
Mixed Individual C1Lynette Coleman0-34Did not advance
Mixed Individual C2Burke Gibbons1-23Did not advance
Murray Parker2-12Lee (KOR)L 0:7Did not advance
Donald Turton0-34Did not advance
Mixed Team C1-C2Lynette ColemanMurray Parker
Burke Gibbons		1-23Did not advance

Cycling

See also: Cycling at the 1988 Summer Paralympics. Selected team of 1 athlete.

Australia did not win any medals.

Football 7-a-side

The Football 7-a-side tournament was made up of 5 teams competing in a round robin tournament. Australia selected team of 9 athletes.

Australian Team
Shane Ellsmore, Lee Gordon, Geoffrey Hill, Mark Milne, David Pearson, Jaime Romaguera, Christopher Scott, Ralph Scott, Ross Whyte

Australia lost to the Netherlands 18-1, lost to Belgium 6-1, lost to Ireland 5–1 and lost to Korea 4-0. Australia did not win a medal.

Round Robin Tournament

TeamPldWLGoals (F:A)Points
Netherlands 44031:28
Belgium 43111:56
Ireland 42210:54
Korea4135:152
Australia4043:330

Goalball

See also: Goalball at the 1988 Summer Paralympics. Australia represented by:

Australian men's team
Theo Bottom, Robert Crestani, Russell Doyle, Kevin Frew, Gary Sargent, Tony Telfer. Coach: Terry Kenaghan
Australian men's results were – defeated Denmark 1-0, defeated South Korea 5-4, lost to Yugoslavia 0-1, lost to USA 2-3, lost to Italy 0-1, defeated Bulgaria 3-2 and lost to Canada 4-5. Australia beat the Netherlands in the 11th place playoff game.
Australian women's team
Margaret Booth, Heather Gleeson, Marilyn Mills, Robyn Stephens, Jodi Willis, Susanne Wilson. Coach: Eileen O'Meagher
Australian women's results were – defeated Great Britain 3-0, lost to Germany 2-6, lost to United States 0-6, lost to Denmark 0-4, lost to Netherlands 1-5, lost to 2-5 Canada and lost to South Korea 4-5.

Australia did not win any medals.

width=10px style="background-color:#ccffcc"Qualified for 2nd round
width=10px style="background-color:#ffcccc"Eliminated
Men
TeamPldWDLPFPAPDPts
Yugoslavia7511105+511
USA7511145+911
Italy7403149+58
Bulgaria7322147+78
Canada74032213+98
Australia7304141406
Denmark712419-84
Korea7007532-270
width=10px style="background-color:#ccffcc"Qualified for semifinals
width=10px style="background-color:#ffcccc"Eliminated
Women
TeamPldWDLPFPAPDPts
USA7700260+2614
Denmark7421273+2410
Netherlands73312910+199
Canada74121813+59
Germany73222911+188
Korea72051240-284
Australia71061229-172
Great Britain7007956-470

Lawn Bowls

See also: Lawn bowls at the 1988 Summer Paralympics. Selected team of 11 athletes.

Australia won 1 gold medal, 1 silver medal and 2 bronze medals. Roy Fowler was competing in his sixth Paralympic Games, winning his 10th medal.[17]
AthleteEventPool playSemi-finalFinal / Rank
W-D-LRankOppositionResultOppositionResult
David BolderyClifford SwannMen's Pairs LB23-1-12N/A
David DouealMen's Singles LB13-0-11N/A Chang Bok Lee (KOR)L 11-214
John ForsbergMen's Singles LB31-0-23N/A Robert Love (GBR)W 21-9
Roy FowlerStan KosmalaMen's Pairs 2-63-0-11N/A
Ronal GilshenanMen's Singles LB31-0-22N/ADid not advance
Glen HoffmanMen's Singles LB31-0-23N/ADid not advance
Peter MageeMen's Singles 2-61-0-23Did not advance
Max PetersonMen's Singles 2-61-0-34Did not advance
Neville ReadMen's Singles 2-63-0-01 Ken Bridgeman (GBR)

L 12-21

 Sin Nam Song (KOR)W 21-17

Powerlifting

See also: Powerlifting at the 1988 Summer Paralympics. Australia were represented by two athletes, Matthew Pobje and Michael Farrell who won silver and bronze respectively.[9]

EventAthleteResultRank
Men's Up to 100 kgMatthew Pobje160 kg
Michael Farrell150 kg

Shooting

See also: Shooting at the 1988 Summer Paralympics. Selected team of 8 athletes.

Elizabeth Kosmala won all Australia's shooting medals – 3 gold medals and one silver medal.

Men

AthleteEventScoreRank
Robert BakkerMen's Air Pistol Standing LSH254610
Keith BremnerMen's Air Pistol 2-652120
Men's Air Rifle 3 Positions 2-6107633
Men's Air Rifle Kneeling 2-637036
Men's Air Rifle Standing 2-632934
Mixed Air Rifle Prone 2-637736
Allan ChadwickMen's Air Rifle 2 Positions with Aids 1A-1C7804
Men's Air Rifle Kneeling with Aids 1A-1C3934
Men's Air Rifle Prone with Aids 1A-1C3876
Andrew RambowMen's Air Rifle 3 Positions 2-6110931
Men's Air Rifle Kneeling 2-638526
Men's Air Rifle Standing 2-633932
Mixed Air Rifle Prone 2-638533
Stanley SimmsMen's Air Pistol Standing LSH253816
Grant WalkerMen's Air Rifle 2 Positions with Aids 1A-1C7706
Men's Air Rifle Kneeling with Aids 1A-1C3867
Men's Air Rifle Prone with Aids 1A-1C3848
Women
EventAthleteScoreRank
Barbara CaspersWomen's Air Rifle 3 Positions 2-6111612
Women's Air Rifle Kneeling 2-63858
Women's Air Rifle Prone 2-638213
Women's Air Rifle Standing 2-634912
Elizabeth KosmalaWomen's Air Rifle 3 Positions 2-61171
Women's Air Rifle Kneeling 2-6395
Women's Air Rifle Prone 2-6395
Women's Air Rifle Standing 2-6381
Mixed Air Rifle Prone 2-639515
Team
AthleteEventScoreRank
Keith BremnerMixed Air Rifle 3 Positions Team 2-6335612
Elizabeth Kosmala
Andrew Rambow
Keith BremnerMixed Air Rifle Kneeling Team 2-6115010
Elizabeth Kosmala
Andrew Rambow
Keith BremnerMixed Air Rifle Prone Team 2-6115712
Elizabeth Kosmala
Andrew Rambow
Keith BremnerMixed Air Rifle Standing Team 2-6104912
Elizabeth Kosmala
Andrew Rambow

Snooker

See also: Snooker at the 1988 Summer Paralympics. Australia was represented by John Hunt and Michael Quinn. Hunt finished 2nd in Pool A and Quinn finished 3rd in Pool C. Neither athlete qualified for the semifinals.[9]

EventAthletePool playSemifinalFinal
W-LRank
Men's Snooker Event OpenJohn Hunt1-12Did not advance
Michael Quinn0-23Did not advance

Swimming

See also: Swimming at the 1988 Summer Paralympics. Selected team of 25 athletes.

Australia won 5 gold, 12 silver and 14 bronze medals. Greg Hammond won two gold medals and Sandra Yaxley won one gold medal.

Judith Young won two gold medals and three silver medals. After winning gold in the 100m backstroke and 400m freestyle, The United States of America and Great Britain, protested that Young was swimming in the wrong category and should be reclassified from amputee to Les Autres. After winning both events in a world record time, the protest was upheld and Young was re-classified in the Les Autres category. Both world record times were scratched from the record books but Young was able to keep both the gold medals and a silver she won in the 100m breaststroke.[18] She would go on to win two more medals in her new classification.

Men

AthleteEventHeatsFinal
TimeRankTimeRank
Leslie BeathMen's 100 m Backstroke A21:21.684Did not advance
Men's 100m Butterfly A21:22.944 Q1:22.768
Men's 100 m Freestyle A21:07.923Did not advance
Men's 200 m Individual Medley A22:57.181Did not advance
Men's 400 m Freestyle A25:33.265Did not advance
Kingsley BugarinMen's 200 m Individual Medley B32:39.075 Q2:36.296
Men's 100 m Breaststroke B31:17.133 Q1:17.67
Men's 200 m Breaststroke B32:49.873 Q2:48.70
Men's 50 m Breaststroke B334.963 Q34.82
Brendan BurkettMen's 100 m Breaststroke A21:33.992 Q1:35.428
Men's 100 m Butterfly A21:19.363 Q1:21.187
Men's 100 m Freestyle A21:06.313 Q1:06.308
Men's 400 m Freestyle A25:08.192 Q5:03.186
Jason DiederichMen's 100 m Backstroke A41:14.695 Q1:14.176
Men's 100 m Butterfly A41:13.642 Q1:10.474
Men's 100 m Freestyle A41:04.594 Q1:03.818
Men's 200 m Individual Medley A42:44.496 Q2:46.497
Men's 400 m Freestyle A45:15.566Did not advance
Richard DouganMen's 100 m Backstroke A41:20.235Did not advance
Men's 100 m Breaststroke A41:41.798Did not advance
Men's 100 m Butterfly A41:28.914Did not advance
Men's 100 m Freestyle A41:08.065Did not advance
Men's 200 m Individual Medley A42:53.625Did not advance
Men's 400 m Freestyle A45:24.816Did not advance
Stephen GregsonMen's 100 m Freestyle C61:57.585Did not advance
Men's 50 m Backstroke C6N/A1:09.157
David GriffinMen's 100 m Backstroke A21:22.984Did not advance
Men's 200 m Individual Medley A22:48.643 Q2:47.657
Men's 100 m Butterfly A21:17.222 Q1:14.27
Men's 100 m Freestyle A21:05.951 Q1:04.60
Greg HammondMen's 100 m Breaststroke A8N/A1:20.18 WR
Men's 100 m Freestyle A81:06.262 Q1:03.75 PR
Simon Matthew LeeMen's 100 m Breaststroke C8N/A1:46.475
Men's 100 m Freestyle C81:26.193Did not advance
David LillecrappMen's 100 m Backstroke A41:14.971 Q1:13.744
Men's 100 m Breaststroke A41:32.601 Q1:33.737
Men's 100 m Freestyle A41:05.464Did not advance
Men's 200 m Individual Medley A42:46.183Did not advance
Men's 400 m Freestyle A44:53.893 Q4:51.906
Brian MooresMen's 100 m Freestyle 1AN/ADid not startN/A
Robert PhilpotMen's 100 m Freestyle C61:29.442 Q1:35.986
Men's 50 m Breaststroke C6N/A57.795
Wayne RydingMen's 100 m Breaststroke 51:50.061 Q1:45.394
Men's 100 m Freestyle 51:10.521 Q1:08.994
Men's 400 m Freestyle 5N/A5:25.25
Ralph SmithMen's 100 m Freestyle A7N/A1:43.72
Gregory TimmermansMen's 50 m Backstroke C6N/A56.564
Men's 50 m Breaststroke C6N/A1:01.356
Phillip TraceyMen's 100 m Freestyle 1AN/A3:02.71
Men's 25 m Backstroke 1AN/A41.15
Men's 50 m Freestyle 1AN/A1:28.07
Robert WaldenMen's 100 m Freestyle C61:31.571 Q1:33.104
Men's 50 m Backstroke C6N/A1:04.415
Men's 50 m Breaststroke C6N/A57.344
Qualification Legend: Q= Qualified for final; PR= Paralympic Record; WR= World Record

Women

AthleteEventHeatsFinal
TimeRankTimeRank
Karen FergusonWomen's 100 m Freestyle C62:30.484 Q2:26.197
Women's 50 m Backstroke C6N/A1:06.157
Deborah HollandWomen's 100 m Breaststroke A22:01.893 Q2:04.377
Women's 100 m Freestyle A21:23.975 Q1:22.425
Women's 400 m Freestyle A2N/A5:50.58
Catherine HuggettWomen's 400 m Freestyle C3-4N/A10:21.794
Women's 100 m Backstroke C3N/A2:38.04
Lyn LillecrappWomen's 25 m Butterfly 2N/A34.27
Women's 100 m Backstroke S6N/A58.37
Women's 100 m Breaststroke SB3N/A54.21
Women's 100 m Freestyle S6N/A1:17.07
Mandy MaywoodWomen's 200 m Individual Medley B33:09.583 Q3:10.826
Women's 100 m Breaststroke B31:28.401 Q1:30.733
Women's 200 m Breaststroke B33:14.232 Q3:14.53
Women's 50 m Breaststroke B340.851 Q40.81
Sandra YaxleyWomen's 100 m Freestyle C61:42.001 Q1:41.58
Women's 50 m Backstroke C6N/A55.03
Judith YoungWomen's 100 m Freestyle L6N/A1:09.884
Women's 100 m Backstroke A8N/A1:21.20
Women's 400 m Freestyle A8N/A5:14.03
Women's 100 m Breaststroke A8N/A1:35.17
Women's 100 m Butterfly L6N/A1:15.68
Women's 200 m Individual Medley L6N/A2:49.61
Qualification Legend: Q= Qualified for final; WR= World Record

Table Tennis

See also: Table tennis at the 1988 Summer Paralympics. Selected team of 9 athletes.

Australia did not win any medals.

Men

AthleteEventPool playQuarter-finalsSemi-finalsFinalRank
W-LRankOppositionResultOppositionResultOppositionResult
Geoffey BardenMen's Singles TT50-34Did not advance
Marcel BucelloMen's Singles TT60-34Did not advance
Paul CroftMen's Singles TT70-34Did not advance
Garry CrokerMen's Singles 1A0-23Did not advance
Jeremy O'HalloranMen's Singles TT50-45Did not advance
Craig ParsonsMen's Singles 1B1-34Did not advance
John SheilMen's Singles 20-34Did not advance
Ian SimpsonMen's Singles 1C1-12 Si Un Kim (KOR)L 0-2Did not advance
Women

Weightlifting

See also: Weightlifting at the 1988 Summer Paralympics. Selected team of 5 athletes.

Australia won a bronze medal through Brian McNicholl's performance.
AthleteEventResultRank
Ray EpsteinMen's Up to 51 kg135 kg7
Brian McNichollMen's Up to 85 kg192.5 kg
Arnie MoneyMen's Up to 57 kg12511
Paul O'BrienMen's Up to 85 kg1557
Col RichardsMen's Up to 65 kg1358

Wheelchair Basketball

See also: Wheelchair basketball at the 1988 Summer Paralympics. The Australian Men's Wheelchair Basketball team was placed in Group B with Argentina, France, Germany and Morocco. Australia lost to France 49-61, lost to Germany 27-43, defeated Argentina 54-36 and defeated Morocco 88-21. Australia finished third in their group and 10th overall, losing to Belgium in the 9th place playoff game.[9]

Group Stage
TeamPldWLPFPAPDPts
France440257146+1118
Germany431201141+607
Australia422218161+576
Argentina413170189-195
Morocco40489298-2094
Classification 9-16

Wheelchair Fencing

See also: Wheelchair fencing at the 1988 Summer Paralympics. Australia was represented by two athletes, Robert Goodwin and Robert Jordan. Neither athlete advanced out of the pool rounds.[9]

EventAthletePool playFinal RoundRank
W-LRank
Men's Foil Individual 1C-3Robert Goodwin2-23Did not advance
Robert Jordan0-34Did not advance
Men's Sabre Individual 1C-3Robert Goodwin0-34Did not advance

Wheelchair Tennis

See also: Wheelchair tennis at the 1988 Summer Paralympics. Wheelchair tennis was a demonstration sport and the medals awarded were not included in the overall medal tally. Mick Connell was the sole representative for Australia and was runner up in the men's singles.[9]

See also

Further reading

Notes and References

  1. Book: '88 Paralympics Appeal report . 1989 . Australian Confederation of Sports for the Disabled . https://webarchive.nla.gov.au/awa/20120809033000/http://pandora.nla.gov.au/pan/87762/20120809-1330/www.paralympic.org.au/sites/default/files/88%20Paralympics%20Appeal%20Report.pdf . dead . 2012-08-09 .
  2. Book: Scruton, Joan. Stoke Mandeville Road to the Paralympics. The Peterhouse Press. 1988. 0-946312-10-9. Brill, Aylesbury, England. 399–347.
  3. Book: Paralympic Legacies (Sport and Society). Legg. David. Common Ground Publishing. 2011. 978-1-86335-896-5. 47–51. Gilbert. Keith.
  4. An (In)convenient Truce? Paralympic Stakeholders' Reflections on the Olympic– Paralympic Relationship. Purdue. David. 2013. Journal of Sport and Social Issues. 10.1177/0193723513491751. 37. 4. 384–402. 145510111 .
  5. Web site: '88 Seoul Paralympics. 20 October 2015. Official website of the Paralympic Movement. International Paralympic Committee (IPC).
  6. Book: Bailey, Steve. Athlete First: A History of the Paralympic Movement. 2008. John Wiley & Sons . 10.1002/9780470724323.ch5. 91–137. 9780470724323.
  7. News: Paralympics open with a joyful ceremony. Reuter. 16 October 1988. The Canberrra Times. 27 October 2015. Trove.
  8. News: Disabled athletes told to return wheelchair medals.. The Canberra Times. ACT. 21 October 1988. 28 October 2015. 18. National Library of Australia.
  9. Web site: Australian Results at 1988 Paralympics. International Paralympic Committee Historical Results Database. 28 June 2012.
  10. Web site: Paralympic Results & Historical Records. www.paralympic.org. 2015-08-21.
  11. News: Australians Reap More Medals. 1988-10-21. The Sydney Morning Herald. 27 Oct 2015.
  12. News: Mclntyre adds gold to her bronze.. The Canberra Times. 20 October 1988. 28 October 2015. 24. National Library of Australia.
  13. News: Disabled athletes seek more support. 1988-10-25. The Sydney Morning Herald. 27 October 2015.
  14. News: McIntyre cruises to final despite added disability.. The Canberra Times. ACT. 18 October 1988. 28 October 2015. 28. National Library of Australia.
  15. News: Six more medals for Australians at Paralympics.. The Canberra Times. 24 October 1988. 28 October 2015. 23. National Library of Australia.
  16. News: Australians blitz field in record time.. The Canberra Times. 23 October 1988. 28 October 2015. 16. National Library of Australia.
  17. News: Lowe Sprints to his fifth medal. 1988-10-23. The Sydney Morning Herald. 12 December 2017. Google News.
  18. News: Young grabs second silver.. The Canberra Times. 21 October 1988. 28 October 2015. 18. National Library of Australia.

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