Australaves Explained

Australaves is a clade of birds,[1] defined in 2012,[2] consisting of the Eufalconimorphae (passerines, parrots and falcons) as well as the Cariamiformes (including seriemas and the extinct "terror birds").[3] They appear to be the sister group of Afroaves.[3]

The clade's name, meaning "southern birds," reflects the group's evolutionary origins in the Southern Hemisphere: passerines and parrots in Australia, and falcons and sereimas in South America.[2]

As in the case of Afroaves, the most basal clades have predatory extant members, suggesting this was the ancestral lifestyle;[4] however, some researchers like Darren Naish are skeptical of this assessment, since some extinct representatives such as the herbivorous Strigogyps led other lifestyles.[5] Basal parrots and falcons are at any rate vaguely crow-like and probably omnivorous.[6]

Cladogram of Telluraves relationships based on Kuhl et al. (2020) and Braun & Kimball (2021)[7]

Notes and References

  1. Kimball RT, Wang N, Heimer-McGinn V, Ferguson C, Braun EL . 2013 . Identifying localized biases in large datasets: A case study using the Avian Tree of Life. . Mol Phylogenet Evol . 10.1016/j.ympev.2013.05.029 . 69 . 3 . Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution . 1021–1032 . 23791948. 2013MolPE..69.1021K .
  2. Ericson . P. G. . 2012 . Evolution of terrestrial birds in three continents: biogeography and parallel radiations . Journal of Biogeography . 39 . 5 . 813–824 . 10.1111/j.1365-2699.2011.02650.x . 41496062 . 2012JBiog..39..813E . 85599747 .
  3. Prum . Richard O. . Berv . Jacob S. . Dornburg . Alex . Field . Daniel J. . Townsend . Jeffrey P. . Lemmon . Emily Moriarty . Lemmon . Alan R. . A comprehensive phylogeny of birds (Aves) using targeted next-generation DNA sequencing . Nature . 526 . 7574 . 2015 . 1476-4687 . 10.1038/nature15697 . 569–573 . 26444237 . 2015Natur.526..569P . 2024-07-23.
  4. 10.1126/science.1253451. 25504713. Whole-genome analyses resolve early branches in the tree of life of modern birds. Science. 346. 6215. 1320–1331. 2014. Jarvis. E. D.. Erich Jarvis. Mirarab. S.. Aberer. A. J.. Li. B.. Houde. P.. Li. C.. Ho. S. Y. W.. Faircloth. B. C.. Nabholz. B.. Howard. J. T.. Suh. A.. Weber. C. C.. Da Fonseca. R. R.. Li. J.. Zhang. F.. Li. H.. Zhou. L.. Narula. N.. Liu. L.. Ganapathy. G.. Boussau. B.. Bayzid. M. S.. Zavidovych. V.. Subramanian. S.. Gabaldon. T.. Capella-Gutierrez. S.. Huerta-Cepas. J.. Rekepalli. B.. Munch. K.. Schierup. M.. 4405904. 2014Sci...346.1320J. 10072/67425. 2015-08-29. https://web.archive.org/web/20150224020622/http://pgl.soe.ucsc.edu/jarvis14.pdf. 2015-02-24. dead . 5.
  5. Mayr . Gerald . Richter . Gotthard . Exceptionally preserved plant parenchyma in the digestive tract indicates a herbivorous diet in the Middle Eocene bird Strigogyps sapea (Ameghinornithidae) . Paläontologische Zeitschrift . 85 . 3 . 2011 . 0031-0220 . 10.1007/s12542-010-0094-5 . 303–307. 2011PalZ...85..303M .
  6. Martin . Larry D. . Paleogene avifauna of the Holarctic . Vertebrata PalAsiatica . 48 . 4 . 2010-12-15 . 2096-9899 . 367-374.
  7. Braun . Edward L. . Kimball . Rebecca T. . Data Types and the Phylogeny of Neoaves . Birds . 2 . 1 . 2021-01-05 . 2673-6004 . 10.3390/birds2010001 . free . 1–22.

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